高二英語必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)眾多，很多同學(xué)都沒有在課堂上掌握到知識(shí)點(diǎn)，為此，下面是小編給大家?guī)淼母叨⒄Z必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望能幫助到大家！

高二英語必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)1

　　1. 一般過去時(shí)的定義

　　一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)候或某一段時(shí)間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。常與過去時(shí)間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past連用。如：

　　What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?

　　I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我會(huì)到了林濤。

　　I was there a moment ago. 剛才我在那兒。

　　2. 一般過去時(shí)的應(yīng)用

　　(1) 表示過去某時(shí)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：

　　Liu Ying was in America last year. 劉英去年在美國。

　　Jim rang you just now. 吉姆剛才給你打了電話。

　　(2) 表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常接時(shí)間副詞often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如：

　　We often went out for a walk after supper. 我們過去常在晚飯后散步。

　　We usually played together. 我們通常一起玩。

　　3. 一般過去時(shí)對謂語動(dòng)詞的要求

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　　一般過去時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過去式。動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式，不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個(gè)記憶，規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則：

　　(1) 一般在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.

　　(2) 在以字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

　　(3) 在以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，則改y為i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.

　　(4) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞后，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.

　　4. 特別說明

　　有些動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般過去時(shí)，后接不定式的完成時(shí);或它們的過去完成時(shí)接不定式的一般式，都可表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望。如：

　　I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他來邀請我參加他的婚禮。

　　I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算參加他們的比賽。

　　【現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)】

　　1. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義

　　現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去。如：

　　We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我們等他等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。

　　2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“have /has been + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。

　　3. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的應(yīng)用

　　現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)所用的時(shí)間狀語：this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 時(shí)間段, since +時(shí)間點(diǎn), for + 時(shí)間段。如：

　　They have been building the bridge for two month. 兩個(gè)月來他們一直在修橋。

　　They have been planting trees this month. 這個(gè)月來他們一直在植樹。

　　4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別

　　(1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，因此，表示動(dòng)作的完成，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

　　He has changed his idea. 他改變了想法。

　　(2) 在表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)時(shí)，雖然既可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。因此在需要明確表示動(dòng)作還要持續(xù)下去時(shí)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

　　We have been studying here for two years. 我們在這兒已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩年了。

　　(3) 有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別不大。如：

　　I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在這兒住了多年了。

　　【動(dòng)詞語法】

　　1 系動(dòng)詞

　　系動(dòng)詞亦稱聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞(Link Verb)，作為系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語(亦稱補(bǔ)語)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。說明：有些系動(dòng)詞又是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，該動(dòng)詞表達(dá)實(shí)義時(shí)，有詞義，可單獨(dú)作謂語。例如：

　　He fell ill yesterday.　 他昨天病了。(fell是系動(dòng)詞，后跟補(bǔ)足語，說明主語情況。)

　　He fell off the ladder.　 他從梯子上摔下來。fell是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，單獨(dú)作謂語。

　　1)狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞

　　用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞。例如：

　　He is a teacher.　他是一名教師。(is與補(bǔ)足語一起說明主語的身份。)

　　2)持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞

　　用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如：

　　He always kept silent at meeting.　 他開會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。

　　This matter rests a mystery.　 此事仍是一個(gè)謎。

　　3)表像系動(dòng)詞

　　用來表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。例如：

　　He looks tired.　 他看起來很累。

　　He seems (to be) very sad.　 他看起來很傷心。

　　4)感官系動(dòng)詞

　　感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。 例如：

　　This kind of cloth feels very soft.　 這種布手感很軟。

　　This flower smells very sweet. 這朵花聞起來很香。

　　5)變化系動(dòng)詞

　　這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如：

　　He became mad after that.　 自那之后，他瘋了。

　　She grew rich within a short time.　 她沒多長時(shí)間就富了。(北京安通學(xué)校提供)

　　6)終止系動(dòng)詞

　　表示主語已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)"證實(shí)"，"變成"之意。例如：

　　The rumor proved false.　這謠言證實(shí)有假。

　　The search proved difficult.　搜查證實(shí)很難。

　　His plan turned out a success.　 他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。(turn out表終止性結(jié)果)

　　2 助動(dòng)詞

　　1)協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞的詞叫助動(dòng)詞。被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~。助動(dòng)詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨(dú)使用。例如：

　　He doesn′t like English.　他不喜歡英語。

　　(doesn′t是助動(dòng)詞，無詞義;like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義)

　　2) 助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用，可以用來：

　　a. 表示時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

　　He is singing.　他在唱歌。(北京安通學(xué)校提供)

　　He has got married.　他已結(jié)婚。

　　b. 表示語態(tài)。例如：

　　He was sent to England.　他被派往英國。

　　c. 構(gòu)成疑問句。例如：

　　Do you like college life?　你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎?

　　Did you study English before you came here?　你來這兒之前學(xué)過英語嗎?

　　d. 與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句。例如：

　　I don′t like him.　 我不喜歡他。

　　e. 加強(qiáng)語氣。例如：

　　Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會(huì)。

　　He did know that.　 他的確知道那件事。

　　3) 最常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。

　　3 助動(dòng)詞be的用法

　　1) be +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

　　They are having a meeting.　他們正在開會(huì)。

　　English is becoming more and more important. 英語現(xiàn)在越來越重要。(北京安通學(xué)校提供)

　　2)　be + 過去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：

　　The window was broken by Tom..　窗戶是湯姆打碎的。

　　高二英語必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)2

　　一、過去分詞

　　過去分詞兼有動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。

　　1. 作定語

　　作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語，一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：

　　There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

　　This is a book written by a worker.

　　2. 作表語

　　過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。

　　I was pleased at the news.

　　The door remained locked.

　　過去分詞作表語，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常見的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。

　　過去分詞作表語時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)作。

　　The small village is surrounded by trees.(狀態(tài))

　　The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(動(dòng)作)

　　I'm interested in chess.(狀態(tài))

　　3. 過去分詞做狀語

　?、俦頃r(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。

　　Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

　　Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

　?、诒碓?，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。

　　Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

　　Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

　?、郾?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可用 if 等詞

　　Heated, water changes into steam.

　　Given another chance, he will do better.

　?、鼙碜尣?，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。

　　Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

　?、荼戆殡S，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。

　　Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

　　The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

　　倒裝句：

　　一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用 be, come, go, lie, run。

　　There goes the bell. 鈴聲響了。

　　Then came the chairman.主席來了。

　　Here is your letter. 你的信。

　　二、否定詞置于句首，句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行倒裝。 neither 放句首

　　Tod can't swim, neither can I. 托德不會(huì)游泳，我也不會(huì)。

　　用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等詞開頭的句子。

　　Never shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。

　　Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是誰。

　　Seldom was he late for class.他很少上學(xué)遲到。

　　用于 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中

　　Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我剛到車站,火車就離開了。

　　No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她剛離開,電話就響了。

　　Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老師來，他才完成作業(yè)。

　　三、用于 only 放句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子。

　　Only in this way can you master English well. 只有這種方法，你才能學(xué)好英語。

　　Only that time did he do his homework. 直到哪個(gè)時(shí)間，他才做作業(yè)。

　　Only when he told me did I realize what trouble I was in.

　　省略句：

　　一、省略的目的

　　省略多見于非正式文體，尤其在對話中，省略是一種普遍的現(xiàn)象。英語中的省略一般說來有三個(gè)目的：

　　1.避免重復(fù)，減少累贅。省略的主要目的是避免重復(fù)，去掉不必要的累贅和繁瑣。

　　Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day.

　　Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.

　　(省掉最后九個(gè)詞，句子簡潔了許多)

　　2.連接緊密，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊 省略也是使上下文緊密連接的一種修辭手段。

　　John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.(Bob 后省略了 was the winner，句子結(jié)構(gòu)顯得比較緊湊)

　　3.強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)，突出信息 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息

　　Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud.后一分句省略謂語 speaks，突出了 too loud)

　　二、句子成分的省略

　　為了避免重復(fù)，或者為了使某一內(nèi)容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不變。

　　1.省略主語

　　Beg your pardon.請你原諒。(= I beg your pardon.))

　　Serves you right. 你活該(= It serves you right.)

　　2.省略謂語

　　Anything the matter? 要緊嗎?(= Is anything the matter?)

　　The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。

　　(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)

　　3.省略表語

　　Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am 后面省略了表語 ready)

　　4.省略賓語

　　We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze 后省略了賓語 problems)

　　Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash 和 dry 后面省略了賓語 dishes)

　　5.省略定語

　　He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest 后面省略了定語 of the money)

　　6.省略狀語

　　(Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.

　　省略在句子中的應(yīng)用

　　在一個(gè)句子中，省略可分為依賴上下文省略和不依賴上下文省略兩種。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

　　1.簡單句中的省略

　　依賴上下文的省略在對話中最為常用。

　　Like more beer?(= Would you like more beer?)

　　—World you mind if I used your telephone?

　　—Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不。

　　(= I do not mind at all.)

　　—Will he pass this examination?

　　Probably. 大概會(huì)的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)

　　不依賴于上下文的省略。

　　All aboard! 請上船(= All go aboard.省略謂語)

　　Haven't seen you for ages!(省略主語 I)

　　What about having a game of chess?

　　Sounds like a good idea.

　　2.并列句中的省略

　　(=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主語)

　　Everybody appears well prepared.

　　(= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be)

　　并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常?？梢允÷缘?，以避免重復(fù)。通常被省略的可以是主語、謂語、賓語或其他萬分，或句子萬分的一部分。

　　省略出現(xiàn)在后一分句

　　John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.(省略主語)

　　省略出現(xiàn)在前一分句

　　We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.

　　我們能夠，而且一定會(huì)在明天的比賽中獲勝。(前一分句省略謂語 + 賓語)

　　前后兩個(gè)分句都出現(xiàn)省略

　　They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.

　　復(fù)合句中的省略

　　在主從復(fù)合句中，活力的現(xiàn)象是很普遍的。

　　省略主句的句首部分。(I'm)Sorry I couldn't go.

　　省略整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分(回答問題時(shí)常用)。

　　(It is a)Pity he's failed.

　　If he says he'll come, he will(come).

　　3.在一些狀語從句中，如果謂語動(dòng)詞是 be，主語又和主句的主語一致，或者主語是 it，常?？梢园褟木渲械闹髡Z和 be 省略掉。

　　以 when, while, once, until 等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

　　When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.入國問禁，入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

　　4.在比較從句中通常把和主句重復(fù)的部分省掉。

　　省略謂語的全部

　　James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.

　　Tom has as many books as Jack.

　　省略主語和謂語的一部分

　　Brown speaks French as fluently as English. (as 后省略了 he speaks)省略表語部分

　　Mrs White is not so young as she looks.(looks 后省略了 young)

　　省略主語和謂語的大部分，保留狀語

　　He is working harder than before.(than 后省略了 he worked hard)

　　省略主語

　　He drank a little more than was good for him.(than 后省略了 it)省略賓語

　　You spent more money than I had expected.(expected 后省略了that you should spend)

　　省略從句的全部

　　You are getting slimmer. simmer 后省略了than you were before)

　　主句和從句中可同時(shí)省略一些成分。

　　The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).

　　【二】

　　1. consist of = be made up of 由……組成 (沒有進(jìn)行時(shí))

　　e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

　　=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.

　　2. 區(qū)別:

　　Ø separate ... from (把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來)

　　Ø divide...into 把…分開 (把整體分為若干部分)

　　e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.

　　The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.

　　3. debate about sth.

　　e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.

　　debate /argue/ quarrel

　　4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;闡明;清楚;明了

　　e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.

　　Can you clarify the question?

　　5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 連接

　　【習(xí)慣用語】★ link A to B 將A和B連接起來

　　6. refer to

　　1)提及，指的是……

　　e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?

　　2) 參考;查閱;詢問

　　e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.

　　Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.

　　3) 關(guān)系到;關(guān)乎

　　e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.

　　This rule refers to everyone.

　　reference: n. 參考 e.g. reference books 參考書

　　7. to one's surprise (prep)

　　“to one's + 名詞” 表 “令某人……”

　　常見的名詞有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

　　e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.

　　To John's great relief they reached the house at last.

　　8. ... found themselves united peacefully

　　“find +賓語+賓補(bǔ)( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介詞短語;不定式)”

　　e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

　　You'll find him easy to get along with.

　　They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.

　　When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.

　　I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.

　　9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….

　　e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.

　　get + n. + to do

　　get + n. + doing

　　You'll get her to agree.

　　I'll get the car going.

　　get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”

　　e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.

　　10. break away (from sb / sth) 脫離;破除…

　　e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.

　　The man broke away from his guards.

　　break down (會(huì)談)破裂，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控

　　e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.

　　His health broke down under the pressure of work.

　　He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

　　Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.

　　Ø break in 闖入;打岔

　　Ø break off 中斷，折斷

　　Ø break into 闖入

　　Ø break out 爆發(fā);發(fā)生

　　Ø break up 驅(qū)散;分散，拆散

　　11. as well as 不僅…而且;既…又…

　　e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.

　　The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.

　　12. convenience: n.方便;便利(convenient: adj. )

　　e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.

　　13. attraction: (attract: v.)

　　1). 吸引;引力(不可數(shù) n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力

　　2). 吸引人的東西;喜聞樂見的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù) n.)

　　He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.

　　A big city offers many and varied attractions.

　　What are the principle attractions this evening?

　　14. influence

　　1) v. 對…產(chǎn)生影響 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?

　　2)可數(shù)n. 產(chǎn)生影響的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.

　　3) (不可數(shù)n.) 影響 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.

　　高二英語必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)3

　　【詞語】

　　1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 給予傷員的急救。

　　短語聯(lián)想

　　give/offer aid 援助 come to sb's aid 幫助某人

　　teaching aids 教具 medical aid 醫(yī)療救護(hù)

　　with the aid of 借助于

　　get injured 受傷，在現(xiàn)代英語中大量地出現(xiàn)了由“get + 及物動(dòng)詞不達(dá)意的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，這叫 get - 型被動(dòng)語態(tài)。又如：

　　The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving.

　　My bike is getting (is being)repaired row.

　　2. Protect 動(dòng)詞，“保護(hù)、維護(hù)”，用于句式“protect + 名詞 + against/from + 名詞”。

　　e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.

　　【短語聯(lián)想】

　　Ø Keep... from... 不讓/避免

　　Ø stop... (from) ... 阻止

　　Ø prevent...(from) ... 妨礙/防止

　　Ødisable... from... 使……失去(能力/資格)

　　Øsave... from... 挽救、拯救

　　3.depend on 取決于。

　　e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live.詞義拓展

　　depend on 依靠，依賴：His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他養(yǎng)活。

　　依賴，信任：We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.

　　4. squeeze 動(dòng)詞，意思是“榨取”、“擠出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子

　　squeeze + 名詞 + out(of/from) + 名詞，

　　e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him.

　　5. hurt 既可作及物動(dòng)詞，作“傷害”、“使受傷”解，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表達(dá)身體的受傷，也可以表達(dá)情感的傷害。例如：

　　e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself.

　　The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司機(jī)在事故中受了傷。

　　6. unless 除非……;如果不……。如：

　　7. icy adj. 冰涼的

　　-y 是個(gè)形容詞后綴。如：

　　windy 有風(fēng)的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的

　　greeny 略呈綠色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 樹木茂密的

　　thirsty 饑渴的 dirty 臟的 snowy 下雪的

　　8. in place 放在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?。如?/p>

　　e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 圖書管理員把還回的圖書放到原處。

　　Yon'd better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.

　　9. sense n. 感覺

　　Øsense of touch 觸覺 sense of sight 視覺

　　Ø sense of hearing 聽覺 sense of smell 嗅覺

　　Ø sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感

　　Øense of hunger 饑餓感 the sixth sense 第六感

　　10. variety n. 多樣, 種類,

　　★ a variety of… 各種各樣……

　　【詞語聯(lián)想】

　　various a. 不同的, 各種的, 多方面的, 許多的

　　e.g. Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.

　　【重點(diǎn)句型】

　　1. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.

　　除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。

　　unless是連詞，意為“如果不，除非”。在真實(shí)條件句中，unless引導(dǎo)的肯定條件狀語從句，可以和if...not...引導(dǎo)的否定狀語從句互換。

　　Unless you change your mind，I won，t be able to help you.

　　=If you don?t change your mind，I won ’t be able to help you.

　　除非你改變想法，否則我不能幫助你。

　　I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.

　　=I want you to keep working if I don’t tell you to stop.

　　如果我沒說讓你停，你就得繼續(xù)干。

　　注意：unless 不可用于假想的事情，因此當(dāng)if...not引導(dǎo)非真實(shí)條件狀語從句時(shí)，一般不可改用unless。

　　例題：單項(xiàng)填空

　?、貯ll the dishes in this menu, ______ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.

　　A. As B. if C. though D. unless

　?、贒on’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.

　　A. Whether B. after C. how D. unless

　　解析: ①選D?？疾闋钫Z從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為：在這份菜單上的所有菜，除非另外說明，會(huì)給兩到三個(gè)人食用。

　?、谶xD。句意為：除非你有完全的把握，否則不要做出承諾。unless除非。

　　2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.

　　約翰正在房里學(xué)習(xí)，突然聽到一聲尖叫。

　　此句型中when作并列連詞,相當(dāng)于and then,意為“正當(dāng)……時(shí)，突然”。

　　常用結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　be doing...when... 正在做……突然……

　　had done...when... 剛做了……突然……

　　be about to do...when... 剛要做……突然……

　　be on the point of doing sth. when... 剛要做……突然……

　　例題：單項(xiàng)填空

　　①She had just finished her homework _____ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.

　　A. When B. while C. after D. since

　?、赪e were swimming in the lake ______ suddenly the storm started.

　　A. When B. while C. until D. before

　?、跧 ______ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident .

　　A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred

　　C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred

　　解析: ①選A。由句意可知此處when用作并列連詞，意為“這時(shí)”。②選A。when作連詞，表示“正在這時(shí)”。句意為：我們正在湖中游泳，突然暴風(fēng)雨來了。③選C。主句要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示當(dāng)時(shí)正在路上走著;when引導(dǎo)的從句多用一般過去時(shí)。

　　【重點(diǎn)短語】

　　1. fall ill 生病

　　Hearing the bad news, he fell ill. 聽到壞消息后，他病了。

　　聯(lián)想拓展

　　fall behind 落后

　　fall sick 生病

　　fall asleep 入睡

　　fall down 掉下;倒塌

　　fall in love with ... 愛上……

　　fall off 脫落;減少;從……上掉下

　　fall into the habit of ... 養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣

　　fall over 跌倒;翻倒;落到……上

　　fall silent 沉默

　　2. in place

　　在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?適當(dāng)

　　I like everything to be in place.

　　我喜歡所有的東西都放在原來的地方。

　　With everything in place, she started the slide show.

　　一切就緒，她開始放幻燈片。

　　聯(lián)想拓展

　　be in/out of order 有條理/無條理;壞了

　　be in/out of control 正常/失控

　　be in/out of danger 有危險(xiǎn)/脫離危險(xiǎn)

　　in place of...=take the place of... 代替;取代

　　give place to 被……取代;讓位于……

　　out of place 不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢? 不合適

　　3. make a difference

　　有很大差別;有很大不同;有很大的關(guān)系/影響

　　Whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.

　　他是否能得到父母的支持對這個(gè)計(jì)劃的影響很大。

　　Does it any difference whether he?ll attend the meeting?

　　他出不出席會(huì)議有什么區(qū)別嗎?

　　聯(lián)想拓展

　　make a difference between ...and ... 區(qū)別對待……

　　make some difference to對…… 有些關(guān)系

　　make no difference to 對……沒有關(guān)系

　　make all the difference 關(guān)系重大;大不相同