隨著全球化的不斷加深，英語(yǔ)顯得十分重要，特別是對(duì)于那些要與外國(guó)人交流的人來(lái)說(shuō)。一方面，英語(yǔ)是了解外界的必備因素。下面是小編為大家整理的有關(guān)英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)經(jīng)典版合集，希望對(duì)你們有幫助!

英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)經(jīng)典版合集

2.ving形式的構(gòu)成

1)直接在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing

2)以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加-ing,如have-having

3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)字母，再加-ing。如，begin-beginning

注意：

1) 有些動(dòng)詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),如see,like,love, want,know等，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如，Do you know him?你認(rèn)識(shí)他嗎?

2) 有些動(dòng)詞如come, go, arrive, leave, start, fly, drive,stay等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的詞，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如 We are going to Beijing on Friday.我們星期五要去北京。

3. 構(gòu)詞知識(shí)：

1) 名詞后綴：-er,如，singer

-or,如 actor

-ing, 如 meeting

-tion 如 direction

2) 形容詞后綴： -ful 如，beautiful

-ing 如，boring

-ous 如，dangerous

-ly 如， friendly

3)副詞后綴：-ly 如，really

4)數(shù)詞后綴：-teen 如，thirteen

-ty 如，thirty

-th 如，fourth

5)在國(guó)家名詞后加-ian,-an, -n表示其國(guó)家的人。如，

Egypt埃及 Egyptian埃及人

Europe歐洲 European歐洲人

Canada加拿大 Canadian加拿大人

Italy意大利 Italian意大利人

Australia澳大利亞 Australian澳大利亞人

America美國(guó) American美國(guó)人

6)在表示天氣的名詞后加-y如，wind-windy, fog-foggy,sun-sunny

4. Until的用法：

Until 和 till的意義相同，都有“直到”，“直到...才"，"在...以前不"的意思.它們的使用方法為：

1) 作介詞: 作介詞，后面通常接表時(shí)間的名詞或短語(yǔ).如We are back until/till3o’clock.三點(diǎn)種我們才回來(lái).

2) 作連詞：　作連詞時(shí)，until和till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句.如 Go along this road until you see the park沿著這條路走，直到你看到公園為止。

【注意】1)以上的狀語(yǔ)從句的例句都是從句在主句之后，如果把從句放在主句之前，那么，引導(dǎo)詞用till.如Till you come back, I won’t leavehere.直到你回來(lái)我才回離開(kāi)這。

3) 主句的動(dòng)作是終止性的，要用not…until/till句型。

5.“違反規(guī)矩“的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

1) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比哦按時(shí)目前這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。而說(shuō)話時(shí)并不一定正在進(jìn)行。如Is Tom working hard this term?湯姆這學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)用功嗎?

They are working on the farm these days.這些日子他們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)。

2) 表示往返或位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，如come,go,leave, stay, start, arrive等構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，可表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這些動(dòng)詞還可以和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如tomorrow, next week, next year等連用。

They are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天他們要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本?/p>

4) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always, often等詞相結(jié)合，也可表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。意思是“老是”，“總是”。此時(shí)常帶有一定的感情色彩，如：埋怨，贊賞等。如

Mary is always talking about her son.瑪利總是談?wù)撍膬鹤印?/p>

【注意】一些表示狀態(tài)和意愿的動(dòng)詞，如be,like,want,know ,think,have等，不能用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。如，I want to go home now.

6. 關(guān)于how 的用法

1) How作“(指程度)多少”“(方法)怎樣”“多么”講，為副詞。

2) how 的感嘆句的構(gòu)成：How + 形容詞+主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞!

How+副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞!

3)how many 多少(對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)，其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù))

How many days are there in a year?

4) how much 多少(錢)(對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)，其后接不可數(shù)名詞)

How much water is there in the cup?

How much are these pants?

5) how often多久(對(duì)表示頻度副詞的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn))

How often do you go there? Once a month.

6)how old多大歲數(shù)(對(duì)年齡提問(wèn))

How old is your grandfather? He is sixty-five.

7)how soon多久(用于將來(lái)時(shí))

How soon are you back? In a week.

◆unit10 Where did you go on vacation?

目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言：Talk about past events

重點(diǎn)句型：Where did Tina go on vacation? She went to the mountains.

Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.

Did you go to Central Park? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

Did he go to Central Park? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

How was your vacation? It was pretty good.

How was the weather? It was hot and humid.

How were the people? They were unfriendly.

We had great fun playing in the water.

The shops were too crowded, so I didn’t really enjoyed it.

I found a little boy crying in the corner.

重點(diǎn)詞組： stay at home, go to New York City, summer camp, go to the mountains, on vacation, Central Park, go to the movies,pretty good, bus trip, have fun doing, go shopping, in the corner, help sb, do sth, make sb. do sth. decide to do sth, discuss sth with sb, write a report on sth , be lost

知識(shí)點(diǎn)：

1.英語(yǔ)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化( BookI – Book III)

A B C

hear heard heard

learn learnt learnt

have/has had had

leave left left

lend lent lent

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

send sent sent

spell spelt spelt

shoot shot shot

sit sat sat

smell smelt smelt

spend spent spent

spit spat spat

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

hang hung hung

hold held held

light lit lit

meet met met

find found found

feed fed fed

spit spat spat

bear bore born

win won won

build built built

babysit babysat babysat

flee fled fled

lead led led

mislead misled misled

bend bent bent

bleed bled bled

hold held held

smell smelt smelt

dig dug dug

deal dealt dealt

A B C

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

do/does did done

choose chose chosen

break broke broken

am/is was been

are were been

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

get got gotten

go went gone

hide hid hidden

lie lay lain

mistake mistook mistaken

see saw seen

shake shook shaken

speak spoke spoken

steal stole stolen

take took taken

wake woke woken

wear wore worn

A A B

beat beat beaten

A B A

run ran run

come came come

become became become

A A A

A B

can could

may might

will would

shall should

A A

must must

不規(guī)則中尋規(guī)則：

a) 過(guò)去式與動(dòng)詞原形同形

cost cost cost

put put put

fit fit fit

cut cut cut

let let let

hurt hurt hurt

set set set

shut shut shut

read read read

hit hit hit

b)原形以ow/aw結(jié)尾，過(guò)去式則變成ew

grow grew grown

throw threw thrown

know knew known

draw drew drew

show showed shown

c)將動(dòng)詞原形中的元音字母i改成a,變成過(guò)去式。

swim swam swum

sink sank sunk

ring rang rung

give gave given

drink drank drunk

sing sang sung

begin began begun

【特例】win won won

d)過(guò)去式以ought或aught結(jié)尾

think thought thought

bring brought brought

buy bought bought

fight fought fought

catch caught caught

teach taught taught

【注意】上述動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的末尾是ought還是aught，只要記住“有a則a,無(wú)a則o”,即原形中有a的，則變?yōu)閍ught，否則為ought.

e)將動(dòng)詞原形中的字母組合ee去掉一個(gè)，詞尾加上t，變成過(guò)去式。

feel felt felt

sweep swept swept

sleep slept slept

keep kept kept

oversleep overslept overslept

f)將動(dòng)詞原形中的元音字母i改為o,變成過(guò)去式。

drive drove driven

ride rode ridden

write wrote written

rise rose risen

shine shone shone

g)以ay結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將ay變成aid變成過(guò)去式

pay paid paid

say said said

lay laid laid

h)以一個(gè)輔音字母+ell結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將ell改成old變成過(guò)去式

tell told told

Sell sold sold

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法

1)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, in 1990等。

2)表示過(guò)去接連發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作。They played soccer and then went home.

3)一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成方法：

a) 一般情況下，動(dòng)詞原形后直接加-ed。如，play-played

b) 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加-d。 如，decide-decided

c) 重讀閉音節(jié)+單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-ed。如，stop-stopped

d) 結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，再加-ed.如，study-studied

e) 有些動(dòng)詞變化不規(guī)則要特殊記憶。上面以給出。

4)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句法功能

a) 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞+其他We had Sichuan food for dinner.

b) 否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他;主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+其他

I didn’t go to summer camp.

The shops weren’t too crowded.

c) 一般疑問(wèn)句：Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?;Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他?

Did they stay at home?

Was the bus trip relaxing?

d) 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般過(guò)去式?

Where did you go? Who was ill?

3.find的用法

1) find sb doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事

I find him reading an interesting book.

2) find sb. to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事

We found him to be a good student.

3) find sb+adj/prep-phrase/n發(fā)現(xiàn)某人怎么樣或在某一種情況下

He found me a good student.

I found him at home.

4) find it+adj/n+to do sth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣

He finds it important to learn English well.

(這里的it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式)

5)find onself不知不覺(jué)地

He found himself in the forest.

4..同義詞辨析

find, find out, look, look for, look at

find:找到。強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。

find out:找出，查出。指經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力達(dá)到目的。

look:找，看。 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程， 是不及物動(dòng)詞。

look for:尋找。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程，for后接名詞或代詞，表示尋找的對(duì)象。

look at: 看。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程，at后接名詞或代詞，表示看的對(duì)象。

5. 否定前綴

? un-

a) friendly(友好的) unfriendly(不友好的)

b) lucky(幸運(yùn)的) unlucky(不幸的)

c) fair(公平的) unfair(不公平的)

d) happy(高興的) unhappy(不悅的)

? in-

a) expensive(貴的) inexpensive(便宜的)

b) formal(正式的) informal(非正式的)

c) exact(確切的) inexact(不確切的)

d) human(人性的) inhuman(野蠻的)

6. 詞語(yǔ)辨析

a) walk與on foot “步行“方式

walk與on foot都指“步行”，但用法不同。Walk是動(dòng)詞，walk to后接地點(diǎn)副詞here,there,home等時(shí)，介詞to要省去。而on foot是一個(gè)表示方式，方法的介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中只能做狀語(yǔ)。on foot不能用on feet或by foot替換。walk to相當(dāng)于go to …on foot，表示“走著去，步行”。

b) cool與cold“冷”

cool意思是“涼快的”，既不冷，有不熱，給人一種舒服的感覺(jué)。

Col意思是“寒冷的”，給人一種不舒服的感覺(jué)。

c) hot與warm“熱”

hot作形容詞，表示“熱的”，反義詞是cold。Hot指溫度很高，給人一種不舒服的感覺(jué)。Hot用作形容詞有多種含義，如“辣的”，“熱門的”，“最近的”

warm作形容詞意思是“溫暖的;暖和的”，指溫度適中，給人一種舒服的感覺(jué)。

7. 形容詞的用法

形容詞就是表示人或事物的性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)或特征等的詞。

a) 和連系動(dòng)詞連用：形容詞常用在連系動(dòng)詞be,look,get等的后面，構(gòu)成“主-系-表”結(jié)構(gòu)，形容詞作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或怎么樣的狀態(tài)。如He is happy.

b) 修飾名詞：形容詞常用在名詞前面，用于修飾名詞。如He is a good student.

c) 常用表示程度的副詞very, too, so, quite, rather等詞來(lái)修飾

8. So的用法小結(jié)

a) 作連詞

So作連詞，意為“因此，所以“。Because是連詞，意思是“因?yàn)椤保Ｓ糜诨卮鹨詗hy開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句。不過(guò)，漢語(yǔ)中有“因?yàn)?。。。所以。。?！边B用的情況，但英語(yǔ)中because與連詞so絕不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中，只能用其中的一個(gè)。如

This is our first lesson, so I don’t know all your name.

這是我們的第一堂課，所以我不知道你們大家的名字。

在這里，so用作連詞，它把兩個(gè)句子連接起來(lái)，表示前一句是原因，后一句是結(jié)果。

口訣“because常來(lái)回答why，句中有so 它不來(lái)。“

b) 作副詞

So用作副詞，意為“那么“，表示程度，修飾形容詞或副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。So用作副詞還可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，意思為“非常，很”。如

This bag is so heavy.這個(gè)包如此的沉。

c)作代詞

so用作代詞，意思是“這樣，那樣，這么”

【注意】I think so. 和 I don’t think so.是日常交流用語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中，對(duì)方提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題，如果你認(rèn)為是對(duì)的，可回答：I think so. 反之，為I don’t think so.so代替上文提到的內(nèi)容，以避免重復(fù)。

◆ unit 11 What do you think of game shows?

目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言：give opinions;talk about likes and dislikes

重點(diǎn)句型：What do you think of sitcoms? I love them.

What does she think of sports shows? She doesn’t mind them.

How about..?=What about..?

Thanks for joining us.

I can’t stand it.

重點(diǎn)詞組：think of, talk about, soap opera, sports show, situation comedy, game show, how about, weekend talk, a thirteen-year-old boy, hair clip, key ring, enjoy doing, thanks for doing, mind doing, show sb. sth, show sth to sb. , show sb around

知識(shí)點(diǎn)：

1. Mind的用法

1) mind作“介意”“反對(duì)”講，為及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞，常用與疑問(wèn)句，否定句，條件句中，其后可跟名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞或從句。如

I don’t mind cigarette smoke.我不在乎香煙的味兒。

I’m sure that he won’t mind.我確信他不會(huì)介意的。

Would you mind if I went home early?我早點(diǎn)回家你反對(duì)嗎?

2) mind作“思想”“主題”“想法”講，為可數(shù)名詞。如

Speak your mind out.把你的想法說(shuō)出來(lái)。

2.how about和what about同義，用法也相同。About是介詞，后面除了名詞，代詞以外，還可以跟動(dòng)名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。

1)how/what about用來(lái)詢問(wèn)或打聽(tīng)情況，意思為“。。。怎么樣?”“。。。如何?”如 I am tired. What about you?我很累了，你呢?

2)how/what about用來(lái)提出請(qǐng)求，建議或征求意見(jiàn)，意思為“(你認(rèn)為)。。。怎么樣?”“。。。。如何?”如，How about going out for a walk?出去散步怎么樣?

3.Show的用法

1) show作“給….看” “出示” “顯示”講,為及物動(dòng)詞.如

Please show your tickets.請(qǐng)把票拿出來(lái).

2)表示 “給某人看什么東西”時(shí),用 “show sth to sb”或 “show sb sth”.如

Please show me the map.= Please show the map to me.請(qǐng)把地圖給我看一看.

3) show someone around some place帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地 如,

I showed him around our school.我領(lǐng)著他參觀了我們學(xué)校.

4. enjoy的用法

a) enjoy后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí),要使用動(dòng)名詞形式.如enjoy swimming

finish, be busy, mind, go on等詞的用法也如此.

b) enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得快樂(lè),玩得高興

Did you enjoy yourself at the party?你在聚會(huì)上玩得愉快嗎?

5.詞語(yǔ)辨析

1)think, think of, think about想

Think意為 “思考,認(rèn)為”單獨(dú)使用時(shí),think表示 “思考”;后接that從句時(shí),think表示 “認(rèn)為,覺(jué)得”

Think of是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),意思為 “想起,想到”某人或某物.還有 “對(duì)….有某種看法,認(rèn)為”的意思.

Think about也是動(dòng)詞詞組,意思是 “考慮”.其后面可以跟名詞,動(dòng)名詞,代詞.

2) agree with與 agree to “同意”

Agree with后面通常接表示人的詞語(yǔ),表示 “贊成,同意”某人

Agree to 后面常接表示物或事的詞語(yǔ),而不接表示人的詞語(yǔ).

3)talk to與talk with 交談

Talk 通常是用作不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是 “談話,說(shuō)話”. 要表示與某人談話則應(yīng)在其后加上介詞to 與with. Talk還作名詞,意思為 “聊天,談話”,如have a long talk進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)談, have a talk with和某人談?wù)?

◆unit 12 Don’t eat in class.

目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言: Talk about rules

重點(diǎn)句型: What are the rules? We can’t arrive late for class.

Don’t eat in class.

Can we listen to music? Yes, we can. No, we can’t.

What else do you have to do? We have to clean the classroom.

Do you have to wear a uniform at school? Yes, we do. No, we don’t.

You don’t have to wear a uniform

You have to wear sneakers for gym class.

重點(diǎn)詞組：arrive late for class, eat in the cafeteria, wear a uniform, have to, too many rules, meet friends, after school, learn the piano, in class, no talking

知識(shí)點(diǎn)：

1.祈使句的用法

a)相關(guān)口令

祈使句無(wú)主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)you常省去;

動(dòng)詞原形謂語(yǔ)當(dāng),句首加don’t否定變;

朗讀應(yīng)當(dāng)用降調(diào),句末常標(biāo)感嘆號(hào)。

b)表現(xiàn)形式

●肯定結(jié)構(gòu):

1. Do型(即:動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語(yǔ))+其它成分)。如:

Please have a seat here. 請(qǐng)這邊坐。

有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way,

please. 請(qǐng)這邊走。

2. Be型(即:Be + 表語(yǔ)(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如:

Be a good boy! 要做一個(gè)好孩子!

3. Let型(即:Let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分)。如:

Let me help you. 讓我來(lái)幫你。

●否定結(jié)構(gòu):

1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t構(gòu)成。如:

Don’t forget me! 不要忘記我!

Don’t be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到!

2. Let型的否定式有兩種:“Don’t + let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 賓語(yǔ)

+ not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”。如:

Don’t let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。

c) 有些可用no開(kāi)頭,用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚(yú)!

2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have to的用法

have to側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，作 “必須” “不得不做某事”講。和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別在于她具有人稱的變化。

1) 肯定句：sb +have/has to+動(dòng)詞原形。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用 has to，其他人稱用have to.如，He has to work on Sunday.他不得不在周日工作。

2)否定句：sb +don’t/doesn’t have to+動(dòng)詞原形。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用doesn’t have to，其他人稱用don’t have to.He doesn’t have to leave now.

3)Does/Do+sb+have to+動(dòng)詞原形?Yes,…do/does. No, …don’t/doesn’t.

主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用does提問(wèn),其他人稱用do提問(wèn).

3.問(wèn)句中的some

我們都知道,some通常用在肯定句中,而any則用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中;但是,some有時(shí)也可以用在疑問(wèn)句中。后者主要有以下幾種情況:

★在表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中。例如:

Could we have some bottles of orange juice, please?

我們來(lái)幾瓶橘汁,好嗎?

May I ask you some questions?

我可以問(wèn)你幾個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎?

★在表示建議的疑問(wèn)句中。例如:

Would you like some bags of milk?

你想要幾袋牛奶嗎?

Shall we have some rice for supper?

晚飯我們吃米飯,好嗎?

★在表示說(shuō)話人盼望得到肯定答復(fù)的疑問(wèn)句中。例如:

Can you see some birds in the tree?

你能看見(jiàn)樹(shù)上有些鳥(niǎo)嗎?

★用在表示反問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)句中。例如:

Can’t you see some apples on the tree?

難道你看不到樹(shù)上有些蘋(píng)果嗎?

[第一類] 名詞類

1. 這些女老師們?cè)诟墒裁?

[正] What are the women teachers doing?

[析] 在英語(yǔ)中,當(dāng)一名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾另一名詞(單或復(fù)數(shù)形式)時(shí),作定語(yǔ)的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man, woman作定語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men, women。

2. 房間里有多少人

[正] How many people are there in the room?

[析] people作“人、人們”解時(shí),是個(gè)集合名詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)同形。

3. 我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。

[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí),常用“a / an或數(shù)詞 +表量的可數(shù)名詞 + of + 不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu), 其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

4. 這是那對(duì)雙胞胎的房間。

[正] This is the twins’ room.

[析] 以字母以 s結(jié)尾的普通名詞的所有格只在其后直接加“ ‘”構(gòu)成即可。

5. 在小轎車?yán)锏哪俏慌渴潜说煤蜏返膵寢尅?/p>

[正] The lady in the car is Peter and Tom’s mother.

[析] 表示幾人共同擁有某人或某物時(shí),只在最后一個(gè)人名后加“’s”;若是幾人分別擁有某人或某物時(shí),則在每個(gè)人名后分別加“’s”。

[第二類] 動(dòng)詞類

6. 你妹妹通常什么時(shí)候去上學(xué)?

[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

[析] 借助助動(dòng)詞do(或does)構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句或否定句時(shí),句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用其原形。

7. 琳達(dá)晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視。

[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

[析] 在初一英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時(shí)態(tài)??一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中,若主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be(am / is / are) + ving形式構(gòu)成。

8. 這雙鞋是紅色的。

[正] This pair of shoes is red.

[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成雙成對(duì)的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計(jì)量)修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來(lái)決定。

[第三類] 代詞類

9. 這張票是她的,不是我的。

[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分:形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。

10. 吳老師教我們英語(yǔ)。

[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語(yǔ),因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時(shí)要用其賓格形式。

第四類(介詞類)

11. 你能找到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案嗎?

[正] Can you find the answer to this question?

[析] 英語(yǔ)中用“the answer to ...”表示“……的答案”。

類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door, the way tothe zoo等。

12. 格林先生星期六上午來(lái)這里。

[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.

[析] 表示在上午、下午等時(shí),介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午等時(shí),介詞要用on。

13. 那個(gè)穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。

[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s　daughter.

[析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時(shí),只能用in,其他介詞沒(méi)有此用法。

第五類(副詞類)

14. 莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?

[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?

[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí),地點(diǎn)副詞前不加to。

第六類(連詞類)

15. 我喜歡語(yǔ)文和英語(yǔ),但我不喜歡體育和歷史。

[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E.or history.

[析] 在肯定句中,并列成分之間用and來(lái)連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需要用or。

第七類(冠詞類)

16. 乘飛機(jī)去北京花了史密斯一家人一個(gè)小時(shí)。

[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by　plane.

[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the + 姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”;

2.our 一詞的第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的,所以“一小時(shí)”要用 an hour;

3.用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時(shí),交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。

第八類　There be 句型類

17. 房間里有什么? 有一些桌子和椅子。

[正] What is in the room?

There are some desks and chairs.

[析] 就There be 句型中的主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí),無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式,均要用“What /Who is + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”,即其中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞均用單數(shù)形式is。

第九類　句法類

18. 你不是學(xué)生嗎? 不,我是學(xué)生。

[正] ?Aren’t you a student? ?Yes, I am.

[析] 對(duì)否定疑問(wèn)句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實(shí)際情況:如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實(shí)是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

初一下學(xué)期要求背的課文

1. page 3/3a學(xué)會(huì)問(wèn)路語(yǔ)言

2. page5/3a 學(xué)會(huì)寫(xiě)旅游指導(dǎo)

3. page6/3學(xué)會(huì)以書(shū)信的形式向你的朋友介紹去你家的路徑

4. page11/3a學(xué)會(huì)描寫(xiě)你喜歡的動(dòng)物

5. page15/3a學(xué)會(huì)訂餐用語(yǔ)

6. page17/3a學(xué)會(huì)為pizza店寫(xiě)廣告，請(qǐng)把它與初一上的Mr cool’s clothes sale相比較。

7. page21/3a學(xué)會(huì)描寫(xiě)你理想中的職業(yè)

8. page23/3a學(xué)會(huì)寫(xiě)招聘啟事，請(qǐng)把它與初一上的社團(tuán)招聘啟事相比較。

9. page29/3b學(xué)會(huì)用日記的形式介紹你的一天。

10. page 35/3a學(xué)會(huì)指路語(yǔ)言。

11. page43/3a 學(xué)會(huì)描寫(xiě)人物外貌

12. page 51/3a 學(xué)會(huì)以書(shū)信的形式介紹你自己并學(xué)會(huì)填寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)表。

13. page52/3a 學(xué)會(huì)介紹你熟悉的人。

14. page 57/3b 學(xué)會(huì)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式寫(xiě)看圖說(shuō)話作文

15. page 63.3a 學(xué)會(huì)用日記的形式記錄過(guò)去發(fā)生的事件。

page67/3b 學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。

Page 75/3a 再次了解書(shū)信形式