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詞匯精選：prevent的用法和辨析

一、詳細(xì)釋義：

v.

阻止，妨礙 [I,T]

例句：

This discrepancy will prevent me from obtaining a visa.

因?yàn)檫@一差錯(cuò)，我將得不到簽證。

例句：

The police have been trying to prevent them carrying weapons.

警方一直都設(shè)法阻止他們攜帶武器。

預(yù)防，防止 [I,T]

例句：

The solution then is to prevent the country from becoming a net debtor in the first place.

解決這個(gè)問題，首先是要防止一個(gè)國家成為凈債務(wù)國。

例句：

These methods prevent pregnancy.

這些方法能防止懷孕。

二、詞義辨析：

block,bar,hinder,obstruct,prevent,hamper

這些動(dòng)詞均含有“阻止、阻塞”之意。 block語氣強(qiáng)烈，指有效堵住了通道，使人或物無法通過。 bar含義與block很接近，指阻塞通道或禁止出入，但有對(duì)暗示不用障礙物的阻止或禁止。 hinder語氣較輕，多指阻礙、拖延人或事，強(qiáng)調(diào)使進(jìn)展速度緩慢下來。 obstruct正式用詞，語氣強(qiáng)，多指以干擾或設(shè)置障礙的方式阻礙交通，使不能自由暢通。 prevent含義廣泛，指采取預(yù)防措施或設(shè)置障礙去阻止某人或某事。 hamper側(cè)重因受到約束或阻礙而造成的行動(dòng)困難。

三、參考例句：

These methods prevent pregnancy.

這些方法能防止懷孕。

These methods prevent pregnancy.

這些方法能防止懷孕。

This will prevent leaning back.

這將避免身體向后地傾斜。

The condom helps prevent pregnancy.

避孕套是避孕措施之一。

Vitamin C is supposed to prevent colds.

維他命C被認(rèn)為能預(yù)防感冒。

They held their breath to prevent exposure.

他們屏住呼吸以防暴露。

Crop rotation helps prevent soil erosion.

農(nóng)作物輪作有助于防止水土流失。

These rules are intended to prevent accidents.

這些規(guī)則旨在防止事故發(fā)生。

Atmospheric conditions often prevent observation of stars.

大氣的情況常使人們無法觀察星星。

Nobody can prevent our getting married.

誰也阻止不了我們結(jié)婚。

商務(wù)寫作指南：prevent、prohibit和ban的用法

WRONG: The Lease does not provide for a period of time during which the Tenant is prevented to use the Premises.

錯(cuò)誤用法：租約中并未指明房客不能使用所租房屋的時(shí)間界限。

RIGHT: The Lease does not provide for a period of time during which the Tenant is prevented from using the Premises.

正確用法：租約中并未指明房客不能使用所租房屋的時(shí)間界限。

WRONG: The crew should be provided with training on how to prevent from sea contamination.

錯(cuò)誤用法：船員應(yīng)該接受關(guān)于如何防止海洋污染的培訓(xùn)。

RIGHT: The crew should be provided with training on how to prevent sea contamination.

正確用法：船員應(yīng)該接受關(guān)于如何防止海洋污染的培訓(xùn)。

Although the verb “prevent” takes the preposition “from”, it can also be used with no preposition. The rules are as follows:

盡管動(dòng)詞“prevent”可以帶介詞“from”，它也可以不用介詞。規(guī)則如下：

“prevent” + something

“prevent”+某事

The soldiers prevented the evacuation.

例句：士兵們阻止撤離。

“prevent” somebody from + -ing

“prevent”某人做某事

The soldiers prevented the refugees from evacuating.

例句：士兵們阻止難民們撤離。

The word “prohibit” works in exactly the same way:

單詞“prohibit”的用法和“prevent”基本一致：

“prohibit” + something

“prohibit”+某事

The school rules prohibit smoking.

例句：學(xué)校規(guī)定禁止吸煙。

“prohibit” somebody from + -ing

“prohibit”某人做某事

There are no specific provisions in the law that would prohibit an employer from summarily dismissing an employee due to his/her misconduct.

例句：法律中沒有特定的條文禁止雇主在暑假期間因?yàn)閱T工的表現(xiàn)不佳而將其解雇。

The verb “ban” also works in the same way:

動(dòng)詞“ban”也是類似的用法：

The government banned advertising of tobacco products in 2002.

例句：2002年，政府禁止煙草制品打廣告。

The court banned him from attending football matches.

法庭禁止他參加足球比賽。

BBC英語：一分鐘學(xué)會(huì) Prevent 和 Avoid的用法區(qū)別

Hi guys! Dan for BBC Learning English here. This time we're looking difference between prevent and avoid.

大家好!我是BBC英語學(xué)習(xí)的丹，這節(jié)課我們學(xué)習(xí)prevent 和avoid的區(qū)別。

Prevent basically means stop. If you prevent something, you stop it from happening - often before it starts.

prevent主要表示阻止。阻止某事即不讓某事發(fā)生——通常在事情發(fā)生之前。

You can prevent something, prevent something from happening or prevent someone from doing something.

用于表示阻止某事，組織某事發(fā)生或者阻止某人做某事。

For example:

比如說：

The arrival of the police prevented crime.

警察到來制止了犯罪。

Or:

再比如：

Losing my passport prevented me from flying.

我的護(hù)照丟了，上不了飛機(jī)。

Or:

又比如：

I prevented her from slapping me! Wow!

我擋住了她打我的手!哇!

Now avoid, basically means miss. If you avoid something, you try to make it miss you.

avoid主要表示錯(cuò)過。如果你避免某事，即努力讓某事不發(fā)生在自己身上。

For example:

例如：

I avoided meeting my ex.

我避免碰見前任。

Or:

再比如：

I avoided the slap easily!

我輕松躲過了掌摑!

英語固定用法：prevent doing sth.

Prevent 阻止;阻礙;阻撓

prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事

prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事?

1.

Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.

什么也阻止不了他反對(duì)公平的演講。

2.

Her sudden arrival prevented him from going out.

她突然來到,使他不能外出

3.

Their prompt actions prevented the fire from spreading.

他們敏捷的行動(dòng)阻止了火勢(shì)的蔓延不能阻止他鳴不平

4.

Who prevents the plans from being carried out?

誰阻止了他們計(jì)劃的實(shí)施?

5.

She thought he would make an abject fool of himself, and for her sake, as well as his, decided to prevent him from standing.

她認(rèn)為他會(huì)當(dāng)眾出丑，為他倆著想，她決定制他當(dāng)候選人

6.

He began to think that she had not died but that she was going to, unless he could find some way to prevent it.

漸漸地他就認(rèn)為她并沒有死，可他要是想不出法子加以挽救的話，眼看她是死定止。

7.

But this did not prevent the parents unable to shake his head.

但這絲毫沒有阻止父母不住地?fù)u頭。

He said the "six steps" or "building blocks" can help prevent history from repeating itself.

他說，這“六個(gè)步驟”或“搭建屏障”可以幫助預(yù)防歷史重演。

And yet they did not understand how they had to act to prevent a replay of the past.

然而，他們不明白自己怎樣做才能防止過去的悲劇重演。

"The test is just a finger prick away, and can prevent a lot of problems, " he said.

他說：“檢測(cè)僅僅是進(jìn)行手指刺破，但卻能阻止許多問題?！?/p>

Nothing but a miracle could prevent the company from going bankrupt.

只有奇跡發(fā)生，這家公司才能免于破產(chǎn)。

Was more to prevent ugly you secretly sneaked into the bottom of my heart.

更得嚴(yán)防丑惡偷偷潛入你心底。?

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