今天給大家?guī)韉espite的用法介紹，我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
despite的用法介紹
despite在英語(yǔ)中是很重要的一個(gè)單詞，即能組成一個(gè)詞組來用，也可以自己成為一個(gè)副詞。但是，很多學(xué)生對(duì)于這個(gè)單詞都是不太在乎，不想去深入的學(xué)習(xí)，導(dǎo)致對(duì)于這個(gè)單詞有很多的誤解。這樣最終學(xué)起來肯定會(huì)有很大的問題。所以，我們還是認(rèn)真的把這個(gè)單詞的用法都總結(jié)一遍，然后再去學(xué)習(xí)其它的，這樣就簡(jiǎn)單多了。
一、詳細(xì)釋義：
n.
卑鄙的行為，侮辱，傷害
例句：
He was determined to avenge the despite.
他決心為受到的侮辱報(bào)仇雪恨。
惡意，怨恨 [U]
輕蔑，輕視 [U]
例句：
She wanted neither favor nor despite.
她既不想被人贊美也不想受到輕視。
prep.
不管，盡管，任憑
例句：
She managed to preserve her sense of humour despite everything.
她不管遇到什么情況都竭力保持著幽默感。
例句：
The problem is, how to keep production going despite a critical shortage of people.
問題在于，如何在人手奇缺的情況下繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。
不由自主，情不自禁
例句：
Despite myself, Jim's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.
吉姆的話讓我不由自主地停下來細(xì)想。
例句：
Hearing the good news, the kids smiled despite of themselves.
聽到了這個(gè)好消息，孩子們不由自主的笑了。
二、詞義辨析：
despite,in spite of,notwithstanding
這些前置詞或前置短語(yǔ)都含有“雖然，盡管”之意。despite書面用詞，指不受某事或某種原因的阻礙，語(yǔ)氣輕于in spite of。in spite of在這些詞中語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，可與despite換用，口語(yǔ)或書面語(yǔ)中均可使用。notwithstanding語(yǔ)氣最弱，僅表示一種障礙的存在。
三、參考例句：
He lives on despite the car accident.
盡管出了車禍，他仍然活下來了。
They remain friends despite all their differences.
盡管看法不同，他們還是好朋友。
They achieved some victories despite these odds.
盡管受到這些挫折，他們還是取得了一些勝利。
He was obviously distressed despite being unconscious.
雖然他自己未發(fā)覺，但他顯然很憂心。
Despite her aching shoulders, Nancy held on.
南希緊抓不放，不顧雙肩疼痛。
I like him despite his faults.
雖然他有種.種缺點(diǎn)，但我仍然喜歡他。
I failed the exam despite studying hard.
盡管努力學(xué)習(xí)，我還是考試不及格。
I like him despite his faults.
雖然他有很多缺點(diǎn)，我仍然喜歡他。
The plane took off despite the fog.
盡管有霧，飛機(jī)仍照常起飛。
They won the game despite overwhelming odds.
盡管差異懸殊，他們還是贏得了比賽。
would rather的五個(gè)重要句型
一、后接動(dòng)詞原形
后接動(dòng)詞原形，表示“寧愿做某事”。如：
I'd rather be told the truth than be lied to. 我寧愿聽真話，不愿被欺騙。
I've already seen that film, so I'd rather see another one. 我已經(jīng)看過那部電影了，所以還是看部別的吧。
I'll go if you're going. If not, I'd rather stay at home. 你去我就去，否則我寧可待在家里。
I'd rather do it without anybody's help. 我寧愿不要任何人幫助，自己干這件事。
“How about a drink?” “I'd rather have something to eat.”“喝一杯怎么樣?”“我寧愿來點(diǎn)吃的?！?/p>
注：would rather的否定式，通常要將not置于rather之后。如：
I'd rather not say anything. 我寧可什么也不說。
二、后接完成式動(dòng)詞
后接完成式動(dòng)詞，表示過去的想法，通?？勺g為“(本來)寧愿做某事”。如：
We went by sea, but I' d rather have gone by air. 我們是乘船去的，可我本想乘飛機(jī)去。
“At that time, I would rather have been a factory worker than an animal keeper,” he said. “那時(shí)，我寧愿做一個(gè)工廠工人，也不愿做動(dòng)物飼養(yǎng)員，”他說道。
三、后接從句
后接從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。具體說來，有以下兩種情況：
1. 指現(xiàn)在或?qū)碛眠^去時(shí)。如：
I would rather you didn't mention the price. 我愿意你別提價(jià)錢。
I'd rather you knew that now, than afterwards. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在知道而不是以后。
Don't come and see me today—I'd rather you came tomorrow. 今天不要來看我——我希望你們明天來。
Tomorrow's difficult. I'd rather yon came next weekend. 明天有困難。我希望你下周末來。
“We might go for a swim” “No,l'd rather we didn't.” “我們?nèi)ビ斡景??！薄安?，我想我們最好不去?！?/p>
“Shall I give you a cheque?” “I' d rather you paid cash.” “我付給您支票行嗎?”“我想您最好付現(xiàn)金?！?/p>
Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that she'd rather he went with a group. 安說比爾想一個(gè)人去，但她寧愿他跟一大群人一起去。
2. 指過去用過去完成時(shí)。如：
I'd rather he hadn't told me about it 我寧愿他未告訴我這件事。
Kate went by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凱特是坐汽車去的，我倒愿意她不是坐汽車去的。
I'd rather she had asked me before borrowing the car. 我真希望她先問我一聲再借車。
注：有時(shí)用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)境中。如：
If I'd lived in 1400, I'd rather have been a knight than a monk. 如果我生活在1400年，我寧愿當(dāng)騎士，不當(dāng)修道士。
If she'd had a chance, she'd rather have lived 100 years ago. 如果有機(jī)會(huì)她寧愿生活在100年前。
四、用于would rather…than…結(jié)構(gòu)
此結(jié)構(gòu)表示“寧愿(做)……而不愿(做)……”。如：
I'd rather go hungry than eat that! 我寧可挨餓也不吃那種東西!
I' d rather pay his fine for him than let him go to prison. 我寧愿替他交罰款，也不愿讓他蹲監(jiān)獄。
He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他寧愿要小的那個(gè)，而不愿要大的。
I'd rather use my money than leave it lying in the bank. 我寧可把錢花了也不想存在銀行里。
I'd rather have a room of my own. however small (it is), than share a room. 無論房間多么小，我寧愿一個(gè)人住一間，而不愿意與別人合住一個(gè)房間。
五、用于口語(yǔ)表達(dá)I'd rather not
口語(yǔ)中說I'd rather not，表示委婉的不同意，其意為“我寧愿不……”。如：
“Are you coming with us?” “I'd rather not.” “你和我們一起來嗎?“”我不想。”
“Some more wine” “Thank you. I'd rather not. I have to drive home.” “再來一點(diǎn)酒好嗎?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。我還得開車回家呢?！?/p>
The boys' d rather go by air, wouldn't they? 男孩子更愿意坐飛機(jī)走，對(duì)嗎?
You'd rather not wake a sleeping dog, would you? 你總不想沒事找麻煩，對(duì)吧?
rather than的用法
一、rather than用作連詞，連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)。既可以表示主觀愿望上的決擇，“與其…寧可…”，也可以表示客觀程度上的差異，“與其說是…不如說是…”。例如：
1、接代詞
1)I,rather than you,should do the work.
該做這工作的是我，而不是你。
2、接名詞
2)John ought to go rather than Jean.約翰比琴更應(yīng)該去。
3)I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想我該要一杯冷飲，而不要咖啡。
試比較：
4)We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
有時(shí)候我們不吃土豆，而吃米飯。
3、接形容詞
5)These shoes are comfortable rather than good-looking.
這鞋不好看可是舒服。
6)You are doing this for yourself rather than for your friend.
你不是為你朋友，而是為你自己做這種事。
7)I'd prefer to go in August rather than in July.我愿8月去不愿7月去。
5、接動(dòng)名詞
8)I always prefer starting early,rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
我總是愿意早開始而不愿意把所有事情都留到最后才做。
9)He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
他那時(shí)是在寫信而不是看報(bào)紙。
6、接過去分詞
10)She insisted on having the room papered rather than painted.
她堅(jiān)持要用紙裱糊房間，而不是把房間粉刷一下。
7、接不定式(一般省略to)
11)I decided to write rather than telephone.我決定寫信而不是打電話。
12)They prefer to die fighting rather than live in enslavement.
他們寧可戰(zhàn)死，也不肯活著受奴役。
13)I prefer to work rather than remain idle.我寧愿工作而不愿閑著。
8、接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
14)He told a lie rather than get his friend into trouble.
他寧愿說謊也不愿連累朋友。
15)Shall we go for a walk rather than watch television?
咱們不看電視，出去散步，好不好?
16)He ran rather than walked.他跑步而不是步行。
rather than后接動(dòng)詞原形表示主觀抉擇，接一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過去式則表示客觀差異。
9、接從句
17)It was what he meant rather than what he said.
那是指他話中的意思，而不是他所說的話。
18)It was what he had caten rather than what he had drunk that made him ill.使他得病的不是他喝的東西，而是他吃的東西。
二、rather than用作介詞
R.Quirk編著的《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全》p.1387明確指出：和as well as及instead of一樣，rather than后面跟一個(gè)和母句中的動(dòng)詞形式并不匹配的ing分詞分句時(shí)，它是介詞，而不是準(zhǔn)并列連詞：
19)Their actions precipitated the war rather than averting it.
他們的行為促使戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)而不是避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
20)Rather than a new car,he bought a colour television.
他買了一臺(tái)彩電，而不是一輛新車。
21)Let's finish the job today,rather than leaving it till tomorrow.
讓咱們今天干完工作，而不是留到明天。
三、rather than用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)一種優(yōu)選分句。
R.Quirk在《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全》p.1540指出：優(yōu)先分句主要用從屬連詞rather than和sooner than引導(dǎo)，用不帶to的不定式作該分句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：
22)Rather than go there by air,I'd take the slowest train.
我寧愿乘最慢的火車，也不愿乘飛機(jī)去那兒。
1) rather than此處是介詞短語(yǔ)，意思是"與其"、"不是"，相當(dāng)于instead of。如：
I think you, rather than Mary, is to be punished.
我認(rèn)為該受懲罰的是你，而不是瑪麗。
Rather than fish, well have fried eggs and meat for lunch.
今天午餐吃煎蛋和肉，而沒有魚。
The colour seems green rather than blue.
這顏色看上去是綠的，而不是藍(lán)的。
I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 任何事情我總是喜歡早點(diǎn)做，不要到最后。
Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我要喝冷飲，不想喝咖啡。
2)rather than可以和would連用，如would rather…than…或would…rather than…這時(shí)要注意"平行問題，即其前后必須用相同的語(yǔ)法單位。如：
Id rather have the red one than(have)the green one.
我寧愿要紅的，不愿要綠的。
Id take the slowest train rather than go there by air.
我寧可乘坐最慢的火車也不愿坐飛機(jī)去那兒。
He would rather walk than drive. 他寧愿步行不愿開車。
Id prefer to go in August rather than in July. 我愿八月去，不愿七月去。
Id call her hair chestnut rather than brown.
我寧愿說她的頭發(fā)是栗色，而不是棕色。
【注意】I'd rather +動(dòng)詞原形，通常意為"我寧愿……"，相當(dāng)于"Id prefer to…"，具有選擇意義，即"寧愿做……不愿做"。但是，當(dāng)后接動(dòng)詞like, enjoy, appreciate時(shí)，rather是一個(gè)程度副詞，象quite和fairly一樣無選擇意義，所以Id rather like不是"我寧愿喜歡"，而是"我相當(dāng)(很)喜歡"。試比較下列句子：
①"Id rather like a cup of coffee." "Oh, would you? Id rather have a beer. " "我很想來杯咖啡。""噢，是嗎?我寧愿喝杯啤酒。"
②We would rather appreciate your help. 我們非常感謝你的幫助。
③Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你更愿意喝什么，茶還是咖啡?
④He would rather enjoy seeing a film on Sundays. 他很喜歡在星期天看場(chǎng)電影。
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