托福寫作想要拿到高分，必須要提高寫作的內(nèi)容質(zhì)量，那么托福寫作內(nèi)容如何提升呢?今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了托福寫作內(nèi)容提升：綜合寫作怎么寫,希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧。
托福寫作內(nèi)容提升：綜合寫作怎么寫?
一.提升閱讀能力
在考試前,考生會(huì)看到關(guān)于托福綜合寫作的英文題目說(shuō)明，大意是要你用3分鐘掃讀一篇文章然后聽一段聽力材料，最后用20分鐘寫一篇150 to 225 words的作文。接下來(lái)屏幕上會(huì)出現(xiàn)一篇文章，左下角會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)3分鐘的倒計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間顯示?？荚囌介_始。閱讀文章時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：
1)進(jìn)行“掃描式”閱讀，把文章主題和每段中心論點(diǎn)快速一掃而過(guò)，并隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備速記重點(diǎn)，切忌“精讀”，否則時(shí)間不夠。
2)把握好每段重點(diǎn)，這可以幫助你從容地推測(cè)后面聽力材料的要點(diǎn)。這種方式尤其適用于聽力不夠好的考生。
二.記好筆記
記錄文章重點(diǎn)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：
1)重點(diǎn)一般分布在每段的首尾，前后呼應(yīng)，邏輯性強(qiáng)：段首陳述每段主題，段尾得出結(jié)論。
2)筆記重點(diǎn)可按照“假說(shuō)→假說(shuō)根據(jù)1→假說(shuō)根據(jù)2→假說(shuō)根據(jù)3”的模式記錄，這也是答題模板，建議大家熟記。在新托福考試聽力部分結(jié)束后的10分鐘休息時(shí)間內(nèi)，考生最好在草稿紙上面先寫好這個(gè)模板。
3)筆記內(nèi)容要短而精，切忌抄句子。考生開始寫作時(shí)，文章會(huì)再次出現(xiàn)在題目和答題區(qū)旁邊。
三.文章架構(gòu)很關(guān)鍵
充分理解了閱讀和聽力的要點(diǎn)反駁之后，接下來(lái)的任務(wù)是將這些內(nèi)容以流暢自然的英文句型表達(dá)出來(lái)。段落通常分為四段。開頭段介紹反駁類型，可參考以下兩種形式：
The lecturer and reading passage suggest two competing theories, ______vs.______, to explain why _______.(AB型開頭)
The lecture apparently refutes the points illustrated in the reading material. According to the professor, __________. On the contrary, the reading contends an opposite stand.(A型反駁開頭)
完成開頭內(nèi)容之后，主體段則需要根據(jù)聽力與閱讀的反駁關(guān)系來(lái)進(jìn)行寫作。但萬(wàn)變不離其宗，在個(gè)別單詞上不管什么文章都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些重復(fù)，如下：
反駁動(dòng)詞：Differ to, disagree with, cast doubt on, conflict with, challenge, refute, confute, contradict, controvert, combat, disprove;
反駁連接詞：On the contrary/ while/ whereas/ oppose to this/ however/ in contrast
聽力中的細(xì)節(jié)支持要點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞：Support/ illustrate/ strengthen/ bolsters/ (perfectly) reinforces
具體用法可以結(jié)合定語(yǔ)從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：
According to the speaker, _______; she argues that __________. Besides, the fact that __________ furtherreinforces the point in the lecture, which contradicts the reading point that __________. (refuting the point made in the reading that ________)
托?？荚囎魑莫?dú)立寫作范文：假期少但是有趣有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作的利弊
Which do you prefer with the same rate of pay, an interesting and challenging job with less vacation or a job with more vacation time but less fun? 2016.5.7 ML
An interesting and challenging job with less vacation or a boring job with more vacation, which one is better.
點(diǎn)睛
題目大意：一個(gè)假期少但是有趣有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作和一個(gè)假期多無(wú)聊的工作，哪個(gè)更好。 此題是一道比較類的題目，而且發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)種工作各有利弊，所以波波建議，用取決于的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)寫，即認(rèn)為那種工作好取決于人們的年齡，對(duì)于年齡大的人來(lái)說(shuō)后者好，對(duì)于年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，前者好。
托福寫作模板及參考答案：
寫作參考一:
The next two months will witness the graduation of a huge number of college students in China, triggering an urgent issue whether it is better to seek an interesting and challenging job with less vacation than finding those jobs with more vacation but less fun. From my perspective, a challenging and interesting job matters more.
For one thing, mentally challenging jobs can keep employees’ mind sharp even long after retirement. To put it more specific, even a mentally demanding job may stress workers out today; it can provide important benefits after retirement. “Based on data spanning 18 years, a study suggests certain kinds of challenging jobs have the potential to enhance and protect workers’ mental functioning in later life,” said by Gwenith Fisher, a faculty associate at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. The research analyzed data on 4,182 participants in the U-M Health and Retirement Study, which surveys a representative sample of more than 20,000 older Americans every two years and the final result reveals people who had worked in jobs with greater mental demands were more likely to have better memories before they retired and more likely to have slower declines in memory after retiring than people who had worked in jobs with fewer mental demands. Accordingly, being engaged in a challenging and interesting job will benefit employees’ mental functioning.
For another thing, the more challenging the job is, the higher salaries employees will be paid with. Generally speaking, a challenging job will require employees to master multiple capabilities and techniques and to undertake more responsibilities. Thus, they will be paid with high salaries, making it possible for them to do whatever stirs up their interest. For instance, one of my friends named Jason works as a top software engineer in a renewed IT company in China and he is well paid. Besides, his hobby is photography and travel in foreign countries. On weekends or public holidays he often chooses to take photographs in different places of historic interest and scenic beauty or travel abroad. In the near two years, he has traveled in many countries in Europe and Southeast Asia and take a lot of beautiful pictures. Obviously, compared with average citizens in big cities who are busy in dealing with a variety of problems in daily lives, Jason’s life experience can tell us that his high-paid job gives him chances to live a more leisure life during vacation.
Admittedly, if people choose to take a less-fun job with more vacation, they can spend more time with their families and doing what they like. In this way, they will live a less-pressure life. However, from what I believe, people should try their best to play to their strengths and talents on the career path especially when they are young and a challenging job will require employees to be fully devoted.
To conclude, a challenging job with less vacation is superior to a job with more vacation but less fun.
寫作參考二:
In the current society full of fierce competition, we can readily observe that landing an ideal job has become increasingly difficult, which forces us to a concession in the requirement of the job we want. When it comes to which is more appealing, an interesting job with less holiday or the boring one with more vacation, people varying in backgrounds and personalities may view the same issue from different angles. From my perspective, the issue should be analyzed case by case.
On the one hand, choosing a challenging job with less vacation is a wise move for the young. As we know, the defining characteristic of young adults is the degree to which they are endowed with lofty ambition and never fear any challenges. As a result, challenges accompanying the work will help young people to tap their potential capability and thus achieve greater success. For another, less spare time is not a big deal for the young, because they are so energetic and vigorous that a sound sleep can help them to restore their vitality. A good case in point is the experience my friend, Andy. As a broker in an Stock Exchange Company in Beijing, he has to deal with large quantities of data and keep close track of any events which may cause the fluctuation of stock price. Although the heavy pressure brought by his job often require him to work overtime and even around the clock, he never makes complaints because the exciting and adventurous experience from selling or buying stocks appeals him a lot.
On the other hand, older people prefer to select the relatively boring job with more leisure time. For one thing, boring jobs means that employees have to accomplish the same tasks again and again so that there is less pressure and stress, which is very important to the health of older people. As is common sense, the senior are more susceptible to various diseases such as hypertension and heart attack due to the weakening immune system. Consequently, any additional stress from work may pose a serious threat to their physical well-being. Also, older people are usually those who have got married or even have children, so spending more time accompanying their family members is of great significance. Undoubtedly, the job with more vacation can better satisfy the need of staying longer with their kids or spouse. During the stay, the emotional bond between them will become closer and more intimate.
Judging from what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that it depends on the age group of people whether the interesting job with less vacation is better than the monotonous one with more holiday.
寫作參考三:
Should people choose to do challenging jobs with less vacation? Or should they get involved in tedious jobs that offer more off days? I lean towards the latter choice.
Indeed, challenging jobs seem good for modern people, since the essence of those jobs can motivate employees and make them feel they are valued and respected. Is it really worth it, however, to put what other people think of them in priority at the expense of a more comfortable work style and more vacation? Drinking a Margarita on the beach in Hawaii or feeling the breeze on the Seine is all it takes for one to choose a job with longer vacation but less fun.
Longer vacation provides people with unparalleled relaxation. Modern people are tortured by heavy workload in all walks of life, ranging from common office workers to corporate bosses. What they need is nothing but a long vacation far away from daily chores. When seeing sun rising from the horizon, appreciating the grandness of pyramids, or smelling the fragrance of lavender in Provence, one would definitely take his minds off whatever bothers him in work. Some people will say that shorter vacation can serve the same purpose in terms of relaxation. But shorter vacation like a day or two days off is far from enough for employees to get a thorough refreshment. Without enough relaxation, employees are less likely to feel satisfied towards their life, let alone be concentrated on work itself.
Challenging jobs are not wise choices not only because they offer less vacation but also because such jobs tend to make employees overexert themselves. Interesting as it may seem, a challenging job put workers in a situation where they have to fight for their career security considering the myriad competitors. In sales field, which is commonly considered as quite challenging, it is not rare to work extended hours or even on weekends to follow potential customers. Thus they are often haunted by endless mental stress. In contrast, a job that is less fun may give people a monotonous life, but they are less susceptible to unexpected employment and less pressure, which compromises the monotony thing after all.
All in all, people should try to take various factors into consideration when choosing their jobs. When a job’s entertaining and challenging nature conflicts with vacation it could offer, I go with the latter.
托?？荚囎魑莫?dú)立寫作范文：年長(zhǎng)的人和同齡人的建議更有價(jià)值嗎
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Getting advice from friends who are older than you is more valuable than getting advice from friends in your same age.
試題分析：
是否新題：否
重復(fù)情況：北美2009-3-24考題
題材：社會(huì)類
觀點(diǎn)： 同意
4月9日托福獨(dú)立寫作思路：
1. 家長(zhǎng)會(huì)給我們提一些建議，他們教我們?nèi)绾芜x擇朋友，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們潛在的能力;
2. 老師會(huì)給我們提一些建議，幫助我們解決學(xué)習(xí)上的問題，指導(dǎo)我們進(jìn)行職業(yè)規(guī)劃;
3. 導(dǎo)師會(huì)給我們提一些建議，幫助我們培養(yǎng)工作技能，管理人際關(guān)系。
4月9日托福獨(dú)立寫作題目：
Getting advice from friends who are older than you is more valuable than getting advice from friends your same age. Do you agree or disagree ?從年長(zhǎng)的朋友處得到的建議比從同齡的朋友處得到的建議更加有價(jià)值?(2016年4月9日)
點(diǎn)睛：
題目大意：從年長(zhǎng)的人獲得建議要比從同齡人獲得建議更有價(jià)值。此題目重復(fù)2014年11月8日B卷原題，解題思路和老年人的建議有沒有價(jià)值是一樣的。波波建議選擇同意，對(duì)advice 進(jìn)行拆分，拆分成工作和教育兩個(gè)角度，分別證明年長(zhǎng)人的意見的價(jià)值。
范文參考一:
【首段】 背景介紹 + 爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn) + 作家立場(chǎng)
A close friend is what every individual longs after. After all, a day without friendship is like a day without sunshine. A true friend should be one from who we can resort to for help or get valuable suggestions when we are in time of adversity. People differ greatly in their views as to whether or not guidance and advice from older friends is superior to the counterparts from peers. As I see it, advice from elderly friends deserves more praises, although suggestions from our peers are never without their merits.
【二段】年長(zhǎng)的朋友的建議的利好
For a start，rich life experience could be seen as a sort of precious wealth, including those bitter or frustrating experiences. Every individual grows up via experiencing failure or dilemma, one might，at times，feel puzzled，thereby，he or she needs advice and guidance from friends.
Under such circumstances, older friends could be our best teachers because they have accumulated a pool of life wisdom, thus, their advice could be precious life guidance. A survey is persuasive enough to justify my stand, the survey conducted by Vista, after consulting many people have found that most respondents claimed that compared with communicating with peers, they prefer to get advice from elderly friends, for their suggestions could help to diminish the likelihood of failure and avoid detours
【三段】年長(zhǎng)的朋友的建議的利好
This debate reminds me of my Uncle Paul, who is a successful business leader. My uncle had studied in New Zealand for more than five years, so, he strongly recommended me to study abroad when facing with the option of studying at home or furthering my study in a foreign country. His suggestion was that a young man could become mature, tenacious and confident by personal struggle in an unfamiliar environment.
After listening to my uncle’s advice, I studied even harder during the process of self-improvement, I happily found that I can be more attentive and have more self-discipline. More importantly, I had a clear goal to fight for. It was the suggestion form my uncle that helps me to hardened my heart to study overseas. I had deliberately chosen to lead the life I desire, for the life wisdom learning from my uncle could be considered as a shortcut to success.
【四段】年輕朋友的建議也有利好
Indeed, I have to concede that suggestions from peers might still their merits to some extent. An argument hold by some people is that people of the similar age have a lot in common such as growth environment or educational background, in this sense, their communication could be more convincing.
Furthermore, some people might argue that the experiences of past bear little relevance to today’s life. What I want to rebut，however，is that youngster’s understanding about life is far from mature compared with those from older friends, after all, older friends are more far-sighted and wise.
【尾段】再次亮明觀點(diǎn)
In closing, I re-affirm my conviction that guidance and suggestions from mature friends expert a far more profound and beneficial effect on one’s action.
寫作參考二:
Since any individual, whether young or old, will encounter various problems and troubles throughout the whole life, it is certainly necessary to consult others for suggestions and solutions. Nowadays many young people hold that advice from their peers is usually more valuable than that from people of older age, because people at the same age are more likely to understand their situation. However, as far as I am concerned, it is a wise move to listen to the older people’s suggestions, because rich experience and profound knowledge accumulated by older people will offer us a proper guidance in many ways, especially in the aspects of receiving education and hunting for a job.
First of all, consider the educational issue. Obviously, students are constantly faced with various upcoming problems and puzzles in the course of furthering their study. As for high school students, the would-be undergraduates, how to successful apply for an ideal university and choose a promosing major usually matters a lot. In order to unravel the above puzzels, they had better consult those people of older age who will give advices such as passing TOEFL with top score and participating various extracurricular activities. In fact, the above experience is exclusive to those who have undergone the whole process of applying for university. Also, as newcomers entering college or universities, the freshmen are usually confronted with various troubles while embarking on the brandnew campus life. To be specific, some students from disadvantaged families may be concerned about how to gain scholarship from school. The sophermores and junior students are likely to provide practical instructions instead of their classmates.
Furthermore, the same logic can apply to job-hunting. After leaving schools, graduates will enter the highly competitive job market. Due to the lack of knowledge of the real working environment, they are in great need of instructions and suggestions from senior employees. To be specific, senior employees can hold a interview training, in which students will be informed of how to dress up, how to write a resume and how to respond to the questions from interviewers. Also, the skills of communicating efficiently with the employers and the ability to get along well with co-workers will be imparted to potential employees. On the contrary, people at the same age with us are also still feel confused about how to seek an ideal job, thus reducing the value of the suggestion given by them.
Admittedly, the generation gap between us and people of older age may poses an obstruction to communication between them. However, the above claim is far from the truth. With the improvement of educational background on the part of the elder, they are able to guide yongsters in a more acceptable way and thus the gap between the younger and the older can be well bridged.
In conclusion, the advice from the elder is of greater value than that from the peers, especially when we meet problems in education and career.
寫作參考三:
Whenever people have some difficult problems that seem to be insurmountable, tend to seek advice or suggestions from others around them. In my opinion, advice is better obtained from people who are older than you, such as parents, teachers and supervisors.
To start with, many people have the experience that a loving parent gives them much needed advice. For example, when children still young and immature, parents can help them choose suitable friends because they are better able to judge people's personalities. Also as the first teachers who observe you on a daily basis, parents can easily discover children's potential talents and give them appropriate advice for improvement.
Similarly, an effective teacher is a good source of advice for his or her students. With the increasing workload for students in modern education, it is natural that most of them have a number of academic problems, and no one is better than a qualified and dedicated teacher to help them solve them. More importantly, when students are confused about choosing jobs upon graduation, teachers can give proper guidance for their future career development.
Finally, for ordinary workers, a good supervisor can be relied on for advice. In most situations, a supervisor is older or much older than their subordinates and , therefore, has gathered more experience both in work and life. As a matter of fact, their suggestions can often help you develop your work skills. And as a senior leader, they can teach you how to manage interpersonal relationships.
In conclusion , older people' s advice , whether they you are your parents , teachers or supervisors , is more valuable because they are more knowledgeable , experienced and mature.
