托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作對(duì)于文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有很明確的要求，well-organized之下其實(shí)有很多細(xì)節(jié)需要大家注意。有些同學(xué)在寫(xiě)作備考中過(guò)于依賴模板，今天小編和大家分享托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作文章結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)節(jié)講解,希望能幫助到大家，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作文章結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)節(jié)講解 結(jié)構(gòu)清晰文章要這么寫(xiě)

ETS官方如何定義托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作文章結(jié)構(gòu)?

在托福官方指南OG中有一部分關(guān)于organization的說(shuō)明，通過(guò)幾個(gè)問(wèn)句提醒同學(xué)們一篇完整的文章應(yīng)該要包含幾個(gè)部分：開(kāi)頭段，主體段和結(jié)尾段，并且要分段，結(jié)構(gòu)要清晰。

同學(xué)們往往對(duì)于每部分要寫(xiě)什么毋庸置疑，但在準(zhǔn)備的過(guò)程中，往往重視形式大過(guò)內(nèi)容。原則上，在不影響主體段發(fā)揮的前提下，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾的方法以及長(zhǎng)度隨意(OG中介紹了6種開(kāi)頭方法以及5種結(jié)尾方法)，保證關(guān)鍵的信息給出即可;但從大部分同學(xué)的實(shí)際考試情況來(lái)看，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾總傾向于事先準(zhǔn)備好的模板句型;相反，最重要的主體段沒(méi)有留足夠的時(shí)間和精力。結(jié)果往往撿了芝麻丟了西瓜。所以除非能夠靈活運(yùn)用OG介紹的方法，否則建議同學(xué)簡(jiǎn)化開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾。

OG實(shí)例提示考生簡(jiǎn)化開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾段

我們看一下OG書(shū)上的一個(gè)開(kāi)頭段例子：

The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, cannot be underestimated, as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.

這個(gè)開(kāi)頭段的前兩句都在強(qiáng)調(diào)話題(create a new holiday)的重要性，屬于贅述(redundancy)，第三句并沒(méi)有很直接給出立場(chǎng)，不符合評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的“有效回答問(wèn)題”。為了獲得一個(gè)高分，我們需要避免贅述(redundancy)和偏題(digression)。

其次OG中有個(gè)2分的文章，截取每段的第一句話：

In the following, I will illustrate my opinion by two reasons.

First of all, honest make the trust stronger between friends or colleagues.

Secondly, telling a lie always makes things worse not only in work but also in family life.

On the contrary, sometimes it is better to tell a lie to others, such as telling a lie to a patient.

作者想給出2個(gè)理由，從正反論證說(shuō)實(shí)話在人際關(guān)系中的重要性。而第三段的on the contrary， 看似是對(duì)比論證，然而并非是描述”撒謊的弊端“，所以結(jié)構(gòu)上會(huì)引起困惑。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)訓(xùn)練建議分享

關(guān)于結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，一方面建議大家不要大片背誦模板句式然后進(jìn)行堆砌。今年的兩場(chǎng)考試中，已經(jīng)有明確要求Do not use memorized examples.如果不能將模板句式巧妙結(jié)合所寫(xiě)文章熟練混跡在自己的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)之下，那么建議踏踏實(shí)實(shí)審題。另一方面，平時(shí)可以結(jié)合歷年真題，多訓(xùn)練開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山的思維方式，然后根據(jù)不同的話題補(bǔ)充相應(yīng)的詞匯短語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)料表達(dá)，不至于無(wú)話可說(shuō)。

托福寫(xiě)作解析:Children and sports

托福寫(xiě)作題目：

Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

參考分析：

優(yōu)點(diǎn)：對(duì)身體健康有好處;有助于培養(yǎng)與人和睦相處的能力;缺點(diǎn)：耽誤學(xué)習(xí)，instant pleasure costs long-term benefits.

花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間搞體育的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

(1)身體健康

(2)促進(jìn)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神

(3)交很多朋友

花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間搞體育的缺點(diǎn)：耽誤學(xué)習(xí)

參考范文：

Children and sports

Currently some young children spend a great amount of their time in practicing sports. Most parents feel quite happy because sports are good for their kids' development and team work spirit,however they are quite worried about some negative effects such as practicing sports occupies too much time, distracts their attentions on school work and loses certain interests on other activities. In my opinion, everything has its good side and bad side. The important thing is to handle it properly.

Admittedly, practicing sports can help children's physical development, which makes them grow faster and stronger than before. As we know, during children's development periods, especially from 10 to 16 years old, sports are really helpful for children to develop. Sports can create a strong body that reduces the possibility of contracting some diseases easily. Definitely we believe that children benefit from sports.

Another good thing is that sports teach us to learn how to corporate with other members in a team. Most sports are team work. If we want to play them well, we must master some skills to care about what our team members are thinking and how to adapt each other to achieve a common goal. Sports are not an individual activity, it needs corporation and mutual understanding. This is not easy to master. Of course, for parents they are delightful to see their children to get this skill from sports.

托福寫(xiě)作模板：不同話題經(jīng)典模板句式

1 We may cite a common example of

2 A general /recent survey /investigation conducted by officials/ scientists indicates /reveals/ suggests that

比較

1 Although the commonly-accepted belief/ idea is that X.X.X, a current/ recent study/ survey indicates that

2 It is true that X.X.X, but it does not mean that

原因

1 The reasons/ causes for X.X.X are varied/ complicated and perhaps (probably) that they lie in the fact

2 Another contributing factor/ cause of X.X.X is that

開(kāi)頭

1 There is a general/ public debate/ discussion nowadays on/ over the X.X.X. Those who criticize/ object to X.X.X argue that

2 They believe that X.X.X, however, people who advocate/ favor X.X.X argue that

結(jié)果

1 As it turns out / Indisputably/Accordingly

2 Considering all the factors above, we may safely draw the conclusion that