托福寫作要寫出高分作文,考生在寫作的各個方面都有許多細(xì)節(jié)要點值得注意,那么托福寫作中考生主要應(yīng)該注意哪些要點呢?面小編就和大家分享托福寫作高分作文觀點例子等4個注意要點分析,來欣賞一下吧。
托福寫作高分作文觀點例子等4個注意要點分析
托福作文觀點要持一立場
針對某一個論題,每一種觀點都有它的理由。同樣,在托福作文中也不存在著唯一的觀點和內(nèi)容。這時,你可以從兩個完全相反的觀點中選擇一個立場。關(guān)鍵在于你如何說服讀者:盡管存在著相反的立場,你的觀點從總體上來說仍然是最具說服力的。
一般說來,應(yīng)該選擇那個政治上正確的或者大多數(shù)考生會選擇的觀點。當(dāng)然,如果你不擅長寫這種文章,你可以適當(dāng)?shù)卣{(diào)整一下內(nèi)容以適應(yīng)你較習(xí)慣的舒服的表達(dá)方式。但總的說來,文章要均衡,不要包含高度爭議性的論述。不要把這里當(dāng)成思想家的論壇。寫一篇高度爭議性的文章只會讓讀者對你產(chǎn)生偏見,同時也會使電腦評分器費解,因為這種文章和其數(shù)據(jù)庫里所儲存的文章差別太大。所以,針對問題時盡量使用較冷靜平和的語氣。盡管如此,你也不能不選擇一個立場。你必須選擇一個將要“出現(xiàn)”在開頭段落和結(jié)論段落里的觀點。當(dāng)然,考試時,題目會讓你選擇一種觀點,但你必須明確地表述出來。
托福作文內(nèi)容要有深度
托福 寫作每篇文章只有20-30分鐘,這么短的時間內(nèi)你不可能覆蓋每一個推理,反駁和例子。當(dāng)你開始考試時,抽出幾分鐘的時間確定要寫的論點和例子。你不必包含每個論題和概念。大部分學(xué)生都沒有足夠的時間覆蓋他想覆蓋的內(nèi)容。所以,只要選擇其中最具說服力的點和例子。其實,判分者也不期望你對每個論題都作深入的探討。
這里最重要的是你的作文不要離題,抓住要點。不要扯遠(yuǎn)了也不要過分集中在某個例子上。
托福作文例子注意要點分析
托福寫作題目會告訴你可以利用自己的經(jīng)歷來展開你的論點,得出結(jié)論。這種方法是可以的,但不要過分。你的推理依據(jù)應(yīng)該更偏向于所學(xué)到的知識而非個人經(jīng)歷。你所舉的例子或者知識可能很吸引人,但不要試圖深入。因為托福作文測試的是你基本寫作能力,而非你的專業(yè)知識。留學(xué)生:盡量多讀一些美國雜志,以適應(yīng)美國人寫作的習(xí)慣和跟上時代的潮流。
托福作文整體風(fēng)格應(yīng)保持簡潔
試著將自己放在評分者的位置上,他們整天在為作文判分。你希望看到一篇包含5段每段4句的簡潔的有效的文章還是4段每段10句的散漫的文章呢?簡而言之:確保你的作文干脆,簡潔能取悅評分者。在獨立寫作部分這尤其重要,因為在這里你表達(dá)的是你自己的觀點。
以上就是托福寫作考試的注意事項,考生們要記牢這些,盡量避免問題的發(fā)生,一些考生為了增加單詞量在句子中添加一些無用詞,是整段內(nèi)容顯得冗雜繁瑣,這類情形要減少發(fā)生,只要在生活中多積累經(jīng)典語句,在托福寫作中自然不會發(fā)生湊詞湊句的情況發(fā)生,平時多積累些名人名言,優(yōu)美句子,用在都是簡單句的作文中,會使得你的作文更有深度。
托福寫作:不好的習(xí)慣
不一致(Disagreements)所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致,它還包括了數(shù)的不一致時態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等。
例1. When one have money ,he can do what he want to 。
(人一旦有了錢,他就能想干什么就干什么。)剖析:one是單數(shù)第三人稱,因而本句的have應(yīng)改為has ;同理,want應(yīng)改為wants。本句是典型的主謂不一致。
改為:Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)
修飾語錯位(Misplaced Modifiers)英語與漢語不同,同一個修飾語置于句子不同的位置,句子的含義可能引起變化。對于這一點中國學(xué)生往往沒有引起足夠的重視,因而造成了不必要的誤解。例1. I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus。
剖析:better位置不當(dāng),應(yīng)置于句末。
句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)在口語中,交際雙方可借助手勢語氣上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解??墒怯迷谕懈懽髦械臅嬲Z就不同了,句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會令意思表達(dá)不清,這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后,筆者又想加些補充說明時發(fā)生。
例1. There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on 。
剖析:本句后半部分“for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on ?!辈皇且粋€完整的句子,僅為一些不連貫的詞語,不能獨立成句。
改為:There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper。
懸垂修飾語(Dangling Modifiers)所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清。例如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 這句中“at the age of ten”只點出十歲時,但沒有說明“ 誰”十歲時。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我們把這個懸垂修飾語改明確一點,全句就不那么費解了。
改為:
When I was ten, my grandfather died。
例1. To do well in college, good grades are essential。
剖析:句中不定式短語 “to do well in college” 的邏輯主語不清楚。
改為:
To do well in college, a student needs good grades。
詞性誤用(Misuse of Parts of Speech) “詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為:介詞當(dāng)動詞用;形容詞當(dāng)副詞用;名詞當(dāng)動詞用等。
例1. None can negative the importance of money。
剖析:negative 系形容詞,誤作動詞。
改為:
None can deny the importance of money。
指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清,或者先后所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句:
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid。
(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好,因為她要她做她的伴娘。)讀完上面這一句話,讀者無法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰將結(jié)婚,誰將當(dāng)伴娘。如果我們在托福寫作中把易于引起誤解的代詞的所指對象加以明確,意思就一目了然了。這個句子可改為:
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid。
例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself。
剖析:句中人稱代詞we 和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。
改為:
We can also know society by serving it ourselves。
不間斷句子(Run-on Sentences)什么叫run-on sentence?請看下面的例句。
例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world。
剖析:這個句子包含了兩層完整的意思:“There are many ways?!?以及“We get to know the outside world?!?。簡單地把它們連在一起就不妥當(dāng)了。
改為:
There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:
There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world。
措詞毛病(Troubles in Diction)Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何適當(dāng)?shù)剡x用詞語的問題,囿于教學(xué)時間緊迫,教師平時在這方面花的時間往往極其有限,影響了學(xué)生在寫作中沒有養(yǎng)成良好的推敲,斟酌的習(xí)慣。他們往往隨心所欲,拿來就用。所以托福寫作中用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e誤比比皆是。
例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution。
(農(nóng)業(yè)方面化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)剖析:顯然,考生把obstacles“障礙”,“障礙物”誤作substance“物質(zhì)”了。另外“the increasing use (不斷增加的使用)” 應(yīng)改為“abusive use (濫用)”。
改為:
The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution。
托福寫作:精彩用詞
1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)
2.common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)
3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)
4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)
5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)
6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)
7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)
8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)
9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)
10.top=peak, summit www.examda.com/toefl
11.competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)
12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)
13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation
15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish
16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)
17.complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)
18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental
19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)
20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel
21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)
22.complex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)
23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)
24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,
25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)
26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)
27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)
28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)
29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)
30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)
31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)
32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)
33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)
34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)
35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!
36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)
39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)
40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)
41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)
42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)
43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)
44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)
45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)
46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)
47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)
48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)
49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)
50.hot=boiling(very hot)