雅思寫作高分技巧：如何寫好開頭段?今天小編就給大家?guī)砹搜潘紝懽鞲叻旨记?，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

雅思寫作高分技巧：如何寫好開頭段?

“良好的開端是成功的一半”，有個(gè)良好的雅思寫作開頭段也是相同的道理，寫好了開頭段離雅思寫作高分也就更近一步了。下面是新東方雅思教研組陳蜀東老師根據(jù)自己多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，針對(duì)雅思寫作高分技巧：如何寫好開頭段?給出的寫好雅思作文開頭的幾個(gè)簡單方法，同學(xué)們可以參考參考。

很多國內(nèi)的考生受到寫中文作文或者傳統(tǒng)英語(精品課)教學(xué)的影響，寫一篇文章的開頭段時(shí)總是想要盡力抓住考官的眼球，不停地?cái)[弄自己還不成熟的詞匯和句型，結(jié)果非但沒有得到想要的分?jǐn)?shù)，反被考官倒打一耙。那么我們要如何在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，以最簡單以及最能得分的方式寫出好的作文開頭段呢?

其實(shí)我們可以把雅思寫作題目中的提問方式分成四個(gè)大類：觀點(diǎn)類(opinion essay)、討論類(discussion essay)、優(yōu)劣勢(shì)類(advantage and disadvantage essay)和報(bào)告類(report)。每一種提問方式的題目都有自己不同的開頭段寫作方法。

Part 1 Opinion Essay

觀察觀點(diǎn)類題目的特征，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，此類題型的特征是題目有且只有一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。而題目要求我們回答的是“同意”或“不同意”的觀點(diǎn)。所以只要確定好自己的觀點(diǎn)，開頭段就可以寫出來。 例如：

Some people believe that living in big cities is bad for health.

Do you agree or disagree?

如果，我們選擇同意此觀點(diǎn)，可以根據(jù)“背景句+直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目+個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)”的公式。

These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) But some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health. (直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目) Personally, I agree with this idea. (個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))

如果選擇不同意題目觀點(diǎn)，則可以用“although”的讓步狀語從句進(jìn)行改寫，得到：

These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) Although some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health, (although +直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目) personally, I do not agree with this idea. (個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))

Part 2 Discussion Essay

觀察討論類的題目，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，這樣的題目會(huì)有兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，并且題目要求“討論雙方觀點(diǎn)”和“給出自己的觀點(diǎn)”。這樣的題目中，其實(shí)只用在開頭段中寫出背景句和轉(zhuǎn)述雙方觀點(diǎn)就好了，至于個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)，可以放到personal idea的段落中。如：

Some people think citizens should be responsible for their own health costs. Others think it is better to have a health care system which provides free health services.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

這個(gè)題目的開頭段就可以寫為：

People in some countries are paying an increasing amount of money for seeing a doctor, even for a minor illness. (背景句) But, still, some people assert that individuals themselves are supposed to pay for such fees. (一方觀點(diǎn)) However, other people disagree and suggest that it is the government’s responsibility to undertake the health costs for its citizens. (另一方觀點(diǎn))

Part 3 Advantages & Disadvantage Essay

優(yōu)劣勢(shì)的題目，一般而言都會(huì)給出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象或者是趨勢(shì)，這又剛好和我們開頭段中的“背景句”吻合了，所以在優(yōu)劣勢(shì)文章的開頭段的時(shí)候就沒有必要再寫背景句了，直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目就可以了。但是要表達(dá)出自己的“優(yōu)大于劣”或者“劣大于優(yōu)”的觀點(diǎn)，只需要用一句話就搞定了。如：

Shopping online is replacing shopping in stores.

Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

開頭段可以寫為：

These days, it is common to see that people prefer choosing online shopping to shopping in physical stores. Although some problems would occur as this trend continues, I believe such development brings more benefits.

Part 4 Report

其實(shí)report最簡單，因?yàn)橥ǔｎ}目和優(yōu)劣勢(shì)文章一樣，會(huì)給出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象或趨勢(shì)，所以開頭段的組成部分就只有改寫題目。如：

In many parts of the world, children and teenagers are committing more crimes.

Why is this happening?

What are the possible solutions to solve this problem?

開頭段可以寫為：

These days, it is common to see that the rate of youth crime has been increasing dramatically all over the globe and it is a most worrying issue of modern society.

雅思寫作高分技巧：開頭段如何寫最吸引人

大作文開頭段往往要包含如下幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，即，介紹背景，引出有爭議的話題，闡述對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)和陳述作者自己的觀點(diǎn)。無論使用還是不使用模板，這幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息是一定要包含在開頭段落當(dāng)中的，不然云里霧里，只能是適得其反。

首先It is quite common these days.。。介紹背景，或者用The issue of ... is a complex and sensitive one。這樣的句型來引出有爭議話題，然后千篇一律地分別介紹對(duì)立雙方觀點(diǎn)，如Some individuals believe that..., while others hold the view that....最終用Personally, I agree with....至此，內(nèi)容上完美無瑕，但恐怕考官心中已經(jīng)大大打下“模板”兩個(gè)字的烙印，這無疑對(duì)于想取得6分及以上的同學(xué)最不利的事情。下面，我們就來說說到底應(yīng)該如何突破“模板病”。

例如，一道雅思寫作高頻題目，討論到底大學(xué)應(yīng)該教授實(shí)用性課程(如計(jì)算機(jī)和商科課程)還是傳統(tǒng)課程(如歷史和地理)。我們依然按照開頭段應(yīng)該包含的關(guān)鍵信息開始寫作，但是卻可以這樣輕松突破：

These day there is a growing tendency for college students to have difficulties in finding jobs when they graduate.(介紹背景)A large number of people hold the opinion that lack of practical knowledge, among other things, contributes to this situation. In light of this, they contend that college teachers should lay more stress on practical courses than on traditional ones. (引出有爭議的話題，并闡述大多數(shù)人的觀點(diǎn))For my part, I am in favour of their viewpoint。(作者觀點(diǎn))

這一段寫得非常靈巧，第一句結(jié)合題目背景，介紹現(xiàn)如今有一種趨勢(shì)，即大學(xué)畢業(yè)生很難找到工作，緊接著作者陳述有許多人認(rèn)為這是由于學(xué)生缺少實(shí)用性的知識(shí)，并因此提出大學(xué)應(yīng)該更多關(guān)注于教授實(shí)用性的知識(shí)，這一句將有爭議話題的其中一方觀點(diǎn)用因果鏈條清晰闡述。最后一句表達(dá)作者自己的立場(chǎng)，就是支持前面大多數(shù)人的想法?？偟膩砜矗@一段只提及了對(duì)立雙方的其中一方觀點(diǎn)，然后表達(dá)自己支持這一方觀點(diǎn)。這就是一種對(duì)于開頭段模板的超越，簡單可行，只對(duì)其中一方觀點(diǎn)清晰論證，然后表達(dá)自己的立場(chǎng)，無需對(duì)另一方觀點(diǎn)贅述。這固然超越了八股文一樣的“一些人認(rèn)為……另一些人認(rèn)為……，我認(rèn)為……”，而是以四兩撥千斤的方式，重點(diǎn)講解一方觀點(diǎn)，然后巧妙表達(dá)支持的態(tài)度。

另一道可以參考的題目是有關(guān)人們認(rèn)為對(duì)于罪犯不應(yīng)該只是關(guān)在監(jiān)獄里，而應(yīng)該對(duì)他們進(jìn)行教育和勞動(dòng)改造這樣一道題目。我們依然給出這樣一段：

How to handle criminals is a problem that all countries and societies face。(引出有爭議的話題)Traditionally, the approach has been to punish them by placing them in prisons to pay for what they have done. Some, however, advocate for trying to make them better with training and education and it seems they may have a good point.

這一段在觀點(diǎn)描述上是“出于模板而勝于模板”的典范，范文中將觀點(diǎn)一演變?yōu)椤皞鹘y(tǒng)上，人們都采取關(guān)監(jiān)獄這種方法”，這就用陳述事實(shí)的方式，巧妙避諱了直接表達(dá)有些人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把犯人關(guān)在監(jiān)獄里;而觀點(diǎn)二以及作者觀點(diǎn)合并為一句，用一個(gè)and巧妙連接成一個(gè)并列句。開頭段關(guān)鍵信息一網(wǎng)打盡。

雅思寫作高分技巧：巧用各種句式

同學(xué)們不難從官網(wǎng)上找到評(píng)分的四項(xiàng)要求，其中有一項(xiàng)“Grammatical Range and Accuracy”，是同學(xué)們覺得比較難提高的。這一項(xiàng)對(duì)于滿分的要求有一條的是“Uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy.” 這一條要求的精髓就在于“wide range of structures”，也就是說同學(xué)們要能夠在寫作中體現(xiàn)出能運(yùn)用各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)的能力，包括簡單句、各類從句、分詞短語、并列句等等。

然而，同學(xué)們?cè)趯憟D表作文的時(shí)候最常碰見的困擾之一就是覺得句型太過單一、單調(diào)。但是只要同學(xué)們按照評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有意識(shí)的去進(jìn)行句式的變化，避免句式的重復(fù)其實(shí)一點(diǎn)也不是難于上青天的事情。

避免句式重復(fù)的第一個(gè)方式就是運(yùn)用英語的各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)。所謂的英語的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，在寫作中其實(shí)只有很有限的四個(gè)：簡單句，并列句，復(fù)合句和復(fù)雜句。小作文中常用的除了簡單句和并列句之外，復(fù)合句是同學(xué)們需要掌握的重點(diǎn)。

1.固定賓語從句

仔細(xì)研究劍橋系列考官的范文，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，小作文中常用的復(fù)合句其實(shí)就是賓語從句，定語從句和狀語從句。

e.g. 舉個(gè)栗子，在《劍8》的Test 2考官范文中的第一句話：

The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs in three separate years: 1981, 1991 and 2001.

還有《劍7》的Test 2范文中的最后一段：

the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity...

《劍7》的Test 4的最后一段：

it is clear that...

大家不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，賓語從句常用在開頭，結(jié)尾或者兩段過渡句的寫作中。

2.翻新定語從句

定語從句是同學(xué)們復(fù)合句中用的最普遍的，也是最容易掌握的句式。但如果想要滿足對(duì)于定語從句的出彩使用，同學(xué)們可以參考《劍9》的Test 2范文中第四段的最后一句話：

e.g.《劍9》Test 2 This rise was particularly noticeable between 1990 and 2000, during which time the use of mobile phones tripled.

這里考官并沒有用“常規(guī)”的which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，而是使用了“介詞+關(guān)系詞”的方式，使得句子變得高大上了許多。類似的用法在《劍5》的Test 1中最后一段話也有出現(xiàn)。

可以看出比較容易操作的方式是在句子后出現(xiàn)時(shí)間的時(shí)候，使用during which或者by which這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，可以將具體圖表變化的趨勢(shì)寫出來，或者可以直接使用關(guān)系副詞中指代時(shí)間的when。

e.g.《劍8》Test 2 This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget.

3.巧用狀語從句

e.g.《劍7》Test 2 Although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.

這里用了讓步狀語從句來表示位置最低的線，那我們不難得出結(jié)論：在動(dòng)態(tài)圖中，表述最大的數(shù)值或者最高的柱，其實(shí)都可以使用讓步狀語從句。

比如這樣一個(gè)句子Courses made up the largest proportion in factors that influenced students’ choice and its percentage decreased from 40% to 34%.

如果我們使用讓步狀語從句，就可以變成了：Although Courses made up the largest..., its percentage still decreased...這樣，并列句就可以很好的轉(zhuǎn)化成狀語從句了。

e.g.《劍6》Test 3 This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself.

時(shí)間狀語從句是流程圖中常用的句式，還有常用的連接詞為while, since, when, after和before。

e.g.《劍5》Test 1While the figures for the Western countries grew to about 15% in around 1990, the figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period.

4.合并并列句

在小作文的寫作中，中國學(xué)生最常用到的除了簡單句就是由and或者but, then引導(dǎo)的并列句。那么避免過多并列句重復(fù)的一個(gè)很好的方式就是使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，即：分詞做狀語或者獨(dú)立主格。

《劍7》Test 2中，對(duì)于雞肉這條線的描述，同學(xué)們都會(huì)描述為：雞肉的消耗量顯示出一個(gè)上升的趨勢(shì)，并且在1980年超過羊肉，在1989年超過了牛肉。大部分同學(xué)第一反應(yīng)的句子都是：The consumption of chicken showed an upward trend and it overtook lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989.

在這個(gè)句子中，and連接了兩個(gè)并列的簡單句，但兩個(gè)簡單句的主語是一樣的，這個(gè)時(shí)候同學(xué)們就要想到分詞作狀語，省略其中的一個(gè)主語，這個(gè)被省略的主語和它的動(dòng)詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。所以overtook變成現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，那么這句話就合并為：The consumption of chicken showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980...

合并之后的句子既簡潔，也能夠符合歐美人的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，考官當(dāng)然就會(huì)欣然給分。類似的表達(dá)方式還可以在很多的考官范文找到例證。有的同學(xué)可能會(huì)問，如果并列句的主語不一樣呢?

e.g.《劍8》Test 1 These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having a much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation.

在這句話中，兩個(gè)簡單句主語不一樣，考官采用了獨(dú)立主格的方式，將想要置于從屬地位的簡單句主語保留，動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)關(guān)系就變成了現(xiàn)在分詞，然后加上了with，讓原本的并列句馬上顯的高大上，得分自然也就高大上了。

5.主語多樣化

以上的這些改換句式的方式可以很好的起到避免句式重復(fù)的方式，但是如果滿篇都是不同復(fù)合句的堆砌，多少會(huì)顯的文章過于矯情，這個(gè)時(shí)候變換簡單句就能很好的起到調(diào)節(jié)的作用。變換簡單句最直接的方式就是變換主語。英文的主語不同重點(diǎn)也會(huì)發(fā)生變化，所以能夠有效的起到避免重復(fù)的作用。最常用的變化主語就是there be句型。

e.g.《劍5》Test 1 A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in Japan.

在這個(gè)例句中，考官使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)，并且用了上升的名詞形式做了主語，使得簡單句也變得“不簡單”了。同樣的用法還出現(xiàn)在考官的其他范文中。

e.g.《劍9》Test 2 This rise was particularly noticeable between 1999 and 2000.

最后一個(gè)可以當(dāng)做替換主語的是常常被忽略的時(shí)間段。比如說1989到2000這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)見證了一個(gè)急劇的上升，這句話就可以寫成“The period of 1989 and 2000 witnessed a sharp increase.” 這樣的話就可以避免了常規(guī)的“上升”句式了。

以上的一些雅思寫作高分技巧在考官的范文中都多有出現(xiàn)，它們可以有效的避免句式的重復(fù)，在語法這一個(gè)方面達(dá)到一些提分的目的。希望同學(xué)們能夠多多練習(xí)，達(dá)到靈活運(yùn)用各類句型。文章長短句交錯(cuò)，每句話的形式結(jié)構(gòu)恰到好處，為合理傳遞信息表達(dá)思想而服務(wù)。讓小作文在內(nèi)容和語言方面都能綻放光彩。

雅思考試寫作范文：獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)

Some people believe that the best way of learning about life is by listening to the advice of family and friends. Other people believe that the best way of learning about life is through personal experience.

Compare the advantages of these two different ways of learning about life. Which do you think is preferable?

Model Answer:

From my everyday experience and observation I can stand that the best way of learning about life is through personal experience. However, some people think that it is wiser to learn about life through listening to the advice of family and friends. It does not mean I totally disagree with this way of learning. Moreover, I think that it is wise for a person to take an intermediate position because each of these ways has its own advantages. Bellow I will give my reasons to support my point of view.

From the one side, learning through one's personal experience brings many benefits. First of all, scientists say that personal experience has greater impact on a person. I have to agree with this. Take for example children. They will not believe their parents that something can hurt them until they try it and make sure in it. Furthermore, most likely they will remember this experience longer. Second of all, people learn how to analyze their mistakes, make conclusions and next time try to avoid them. So, I think it is a great experience that makes people stronger, more self-confident and persistent. They gain more knowledge and experience that will be very helpful and valuable in the future.

From the other side, listening to the advice of family and friends brings many benefits too. Parents with great patience pass down their knowledge and experience to their children. They teach them all they know and they want their children do not make the same mistakes. In addition to those practical benefits, learning from someone's advice is painless. For example, parents nowadays very often talk to their children about drugs. I think it is a great example when one should not try drugs in order to gain new experience. I think it is a case when children must trust their parents.

To sum up, I think it is wise to combine both of these ways to learn and try to analyze personal mistakes as well as not personal. I think together they can greatly simplify one's life and make the way to success shorter.