在中國(guó)數(shù)千年的燦爛輝煌的古典文學(xué)長(zhǎng)河中，詩(shī)歌無(wú)疑是最璀璨瑰麗的一顆明珠。其涉及的社會(huì)生活之廣泛、深入，對(duì)國(guó)家民族影響之深遠(yuǎn)、巨大，恐怕是世界其他民族所無(wú)法睥睨的。它為后世的我們提供了無(wú)比豐富的可資借鑒學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)，其中不乏作文之道。

In thousands of years of brilliant classical literature in China, poetry is undoubtedly the most brilliant pearl. It involves a wide and deep social life, and has a profound and huge impact on the nation. I'm afraid the rest of the world can't look down on it. It provides us with a wealth of learning knowledge for future generations, including the way of composition.

“汝果欲學(xué)詩(shī)，功夫在詩(shī)外”，這是宋代陸游告誡自己兒子的肺腑之言。無(wú)論作詩(shī)、寫文章，若要筆底生花、文采斐然，沒(méi)有寬厚的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)和豐富的社會(huì)閱歷，是行不通的。他還明確地說(shuō)：“紙上得來(lái)終覺(jué)淺，絕知此事須躬行。”這更是對(duì)自己文學(xué)創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)的生動(dòng)總結(jié)。想寫什么事情，想抒什么情感，想議什么問(wèn)題，缺乏實(shí)踐的態(tài)度，沒(méi)有設(shè)身處地的思考、研究過(guò)程，紙上談兵，常常只會(huì)打擦邊球。要“行萬(wàn)里路，讀萬(wàn)卷書”，做一個(gè)見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的人！

"If you want to learn poetry, Kung Fu is beyond poetry", this is Lu You's admonition to his son in Song Dynasty. No matter how to write poems or articles, it is not feasible to have rich knowledge and rich social experience if you want to have a brilliant writing style. He also made it clear that "you have to feel shallow on paper and never know that you have to do it." This is a vivid summary of his literary creation activities. What do you want to write, what emotions you want to express, what problems you want to discuss, lack of practical attitude, no thinking and research process in a position, and talk about things on paper, often only playing side ball. To "travel thousands of miles, read thousands of books", to be a knowledgeable person!

“忽有好詩(shī)生眼底，安排句法已難尋?！彼纬惻c義的這兩句詩(shī)，形象反映了靈感在文學(xué)創(chuàng)作中的重要作用。如何捕捉靈感？著名作家莫言說(shuō)，我始終保持著一個(gè)好習(xí)慣，就是隨身總帶著一個(gè)小本和一支筆，隨時(shí)把想到的、見(jiàn)到的可寫的東西記下來(lái)。是呀，常常積累，時(shí)時(shí)做有準(zhǔn)備的頭腦，何須等到“安排句法”時(shí)的苦思冥想呢？朱熹也說(shuō)：“問(wèn)渠哪得清如許，為有源頭活水來(lái)?！爆F(xiàn)實(shí)生活的積累是靈感不竭的源泉，是創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)的土壤。要隨時(shí)積累，做一個(gè)勤于觀察、善于準(zhǔn)備的人！

"It's hard to find a good poem to arrange syntax." These two poems of Chen and Yi in Song Dynasty reflect the important role of inspiration in literary creation. How to capture inspiration? Mo Yan, a famous writer, said that I always keep a good habit of taking a small book and a pen with me and writing down what I think and see at any time. Yes, often accumulate, always do prepared mind, how to wait until the "arrangement of syntax" of meditation? Zhu Xi also said: "ask the canal where to get such a clear, in order to have a source of fresh water." The accumulation of real life is the source of inspiration and the soil of creative activities. To accumulate at any time, be a diligent observer and good at preparation!

“吟安一個(gè)字，捻斷數(shù)莖須。”（唐盧延讓）有了好的材料、好的題旨，還須有好的語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)。煉字的功夫，一向?yàn)橹袊?guó)文人注重，更有甚者“兩句三年得，一吟雙淚流”（唐賈島），如此煞費(fèi)苦心，怎不令人感動(dòng)！那么煉字的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么呢？是不是生僻怪誕的才叫好？元好問(wèn)說(shuō)得好：“一語(yǔ)天然萬(wàn)古新，豪華落盡見(jiàn)真淳。”最能反映事物本質(zhì)，最能表達(dá)寫作意趣的，即是最好的字眼。但生活語(yǔ)言與寫作語(yǔ)言畢竟是兩種不同風(fēng)格的語(yǔ)體，如實(shí)輯錄生活語(yǔ)言，那只是一種記錄而非藝術(shù)，對(duì)生活語(yǔ)言加以適當(dāng)?shù)脑賱?chuàng)作才是藝術(shù)。因此寫作須講求煉字，但也須追求“清水出芙蓉，天然去雕飾”的境界。要善于煉字，做一個(gè)對(duì)語(yǔ)言精益求精的人！

"One word for yin'an, twists and breaks several stems and whiskers." With good materials, good themes, and good language to express them. The Chinese literati have always paid attention to the Kung Fu of character refining. What's more, "two sentences in three years, a song in two tears" (Tang Jiadao), so painstaking, how can it not be touched! So what's the standard of word refining? Is it strange and strange to say hello? Yuan Haowen said well: "one language is natural, ancient and new, and luxury is pure." The best words are the ones that best reflect the essence of things and express the interest of writing. But life language and writing language are two different styles after all. It's just a record rather than an art to record life language truthfully. It's art to re create life language properly. Therefore, writing should focus on refining words, but also to pursue the realm of "water out of lotus, natural to carve". We should be good at refining words and be a person who strives for perfection in language!

“刪繁就簡(jiǎn)三秋樹(shù)，標(biāo)新立異二月花?！鼻宕凝徸哉洳焕⑹俏恼麓蠹遥朴趶暮暧^上總結(jié)作文之道，明確要求寫文章要結(jié)構(gòu)明晰，主線分明，如秋天的喬樹(shù)，枝是枝葉是葉；文章的主旨要鮮明有個(gè)性，充分表現(xiàn)自己的主張，不可穿新鞋走舊路、取新瓶裝陳酒，人云亦云。他的文章就很好地反映了他的創(chuàng)作主張，值得我們認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。因此，要講究謀篇布局表達(dá)個(gè)性，做一個(gè)獨(dú)立思考、有大寫人格的人！

"Three autumn trees are cut down, and February flowers are new and original." Gong Zizhen of the Qing Dynasty is worthy of being a great writer. He is good at summarizing the composition from a macro perspective. He clearly requires that the composition should have a clear structure and a clear main line. For example, in autumn, the branches are the branches and leaves are the leaves. The main purpose of the article should be distinct and distinctive, and fully express his own opinions. It is not allowed to wear new shoes, walk the old road, take new bottles of old wine, and follow the same example. His article reflects his creative ideas very well and is worthy of our serious study. Therefore, we should pay attention to the layout and expression of personality, and be an independent person with capital personality!

藝術(shù)都有其相通之處，古詩(shī)中的這些道理，雖多就詩(shī)而言，但對(duì)于我們的作文同樣有啟示作用。把每一篇文章都當(dāng)做詩(shī)一樣作，那么每一篇文章便都會(huì)有一顆詩(shī)的靈魂！

Art has its similarities. Although these principles in ancient poetry are mostly in terms of poetry, they are also enlightening to our composition. Treat every article as a poem, then every article will have a poem soul!