商務(wù)英語書信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易時所使用的通信。在美國，常用Business writing，它包括書信、電報、電話、電傳、報告書、明信片等。英語和美語在書信體例方面存在著一定的差異，比如信頭和稱呼、書信格式、遣詞、結(jié)尾客套語等均有所不同。 一般來說，英國書信較為保守，許多英國人喜歡用老式書信體，用詞較為正式刻板，而美國書信語言非常生氣、有活力，格式也較為簡便。因此當我們寫信的對象是英國或其舊殖民地國家時，要使用標準式英語Queen’s English；如果寫信的對象是美國或美國勢力范圍的地區(qū)時，就要用美國英語。當然，英國式的語言文化近年來也有變化，但總體來說，兩者間的差異是很明顯的。
Business or commercial English correspondence refers to the communication used in the transaction. In the United States, business writing is commonly used, including letters, telegrams, telephones, telexes, reports, postcards, etc. There are some differences between English and American in the style of letter, such as the head and address, the form of letter, the choice of words, the formula of ending object and so on. Generally speaking, English letters are more conservative. Many Britons like to use the old style of letters, and the words are more formal and rigid. The American letter language is very angry, dynamic, and the format is relatively simple. Therefore, when we write to Britain or its old colonial countries, we should use standard English Queen's English; if we write to the United States or areas of American influence, we should use American English. Of course, British language and culture have changed in recent years, but on the whole, the difference between them is obvious.
商業(yè)英文書信，一般都要求用打字機或電腦整齊地打印，左邊各行開頭垂直的，稱為垂直式或齊頭式(Block style)，美國常用這種格式；每段的第一個詞縮進去，稱為縮進式或鋸齒式(indented style)，英國常用此格式。垂直式的職務(wù)及簽名都在左邊的邊欄界線，這種格式，在極度尊重工作效率的美國公司，已普遍采用。正式的商業(yè)英語書信要在稱呼的上方寫上收信公司名稱和地址或收信人的名字全稱、職務(wù)及地址，稱為信內(nèi)地址（Inside address）。信內(nèi)地址的寫法也有垂直式和縮進式之分，垂直式和稱美國式將各行并列，縮進式或稱英國式將各行依次退縮。
Business English letters generally require typewriters or computers to print neatly. The left lines start vertically, called vertical or block style, which is commonly used in the United States; the first word in each paragraph is called indented style, which is commonly used in the United Kingdom. Vertical positions and signatures are on the left side of the border, a format that has been widely used in U.S. companies that respect efficiency. In a formal business English letter, the name and address of the receiving company or the full name, title and address of the receiver shall be written above the address, which is called inside address. There are also vertical and indented ways to write the address in the letter. The vertical style and the American style will be side-by-side, and the indented or British style will be back in turn.
不過，近來英國商業(yè)書信信內(nèi)地址并未依次縮進，似乎與美國式相同。此外，在美國還流行一種普通收信人地址的寫法，就是在書信的Inside Address中，把門牌號和街名都省略掉。在英文書信中要使用敬語，最普遍的敬語是Mr， Mrs和Miss（用于未婚女性）。英國人常在男性的姓名之后用Esq。 (Esquire的縮寫)，不過在商業(yè)上也在慢慢地改用Mr。 Mmes。 (Madam的復(fù)數(shù)形式)，用于二個女士以上。Messrs（Mr的復(fù)數(shù)形式）用于二個以上的男人，或用于二個以上的男人組成的公司或團體。在英國式英文信里，Mr， Mrs， Messrs，均不加縮寫句點，相反地趨向于進步自由的美語反而加縮寫句點如Mr。， Mrs。， Messrs。。在稱呼方面，商業(yè)上最普遍的有Gentlemen（美國式）與Dear Sirs（英國式）二種，相當于我國的"敬啟者"或"謹啟者"。如果信是寫給革個公司單位的，不是寫給某個具體人的，美語用Gentlemen（復(fù)數(shù)形式），英語用Dear Sirs。如果對方公司只一人時，必須使用Sir/Dear Sir。稱呼后一般要使用標點符號，英國式采用逗號(comma)，美國式用分號(colon)。書信結(jié)尾客套語(complimentary close)有多種，相當于我國書信在結(jié)尾時使用的"敬禮"、"致敬"、"順安"等句。最為典型的美國式寫法是Sincerely和Best regards，典型的英國式表達有Yours sincerely（熟人或知道對方姓名），Best wishes， kind regards 和yours faithfully（不知姓名）。此外，英國式的客套語還有特別禮貌的格式，但除了特殊情況外，現(xiàn)在不再使用。
Recently, however, the addresses of business letters in the UK have not been indented in turn, which seems to be the same as those in the US. In addition, in the United States, there is a popular way to write the address of the ordinary addressee, which is to omit the house number and street name in the inside address of the letter. Honorifics should be used in English letters. The most common honorifics are Mr, Mrs and miss (for unmarried women). English people often use ESQ after a man's name. (short for Esquire), but Mr is also slowly being used in business. Mmes. (plural of madam) for more than two ladies. Messrs (plural of MR) is used for more than two men, or for companies or groups of more than two men. In English letters, Mr, Mrs and Messrs do not add abbreviations. Instead, American English, which tends to be progressive and free, adds abbreviations such as Mr. Mrs. ， Messrs。。 In terms of address, there are two most common types in business, namely, gentlemen (American style) and Dear Sirs (British style), which are equivalent to our country's & quot; Honorary & quot; or & quot; cautionary & quot;. If the letter is written to a company, not to a specific person, it is written in gentlemen in American English and bear SIRS in English. If the opposite company has only one person, sir / Dear Sir must be used. Generally, punctuation is used after address, comma is used in British style, and semicolon is used in American style. There are many kinds of completive close, which are equivalent to the sentences of "salute", "salute", "Shun'an". The most typical American way of writing is "sincerely" and "best regards". The typical British way of writing is "you sincerely" (acquaintances or know each other's names), best wishes, kind regards and your faithfully (unknown names). In addition, there are also special politeness forms in English style, but they are no longer used except in special circumstances.
