1. if 引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件狀語從句 即虛擬語氣通過動詞形式的變化來表示說話人對發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)所持的態(tài)度或看法的動詞形式稱為語氣，虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種祝愿，建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句分為真實(shí)和非真實(shí)條件句，非真實(shí)條件句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。如果要表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反時，其虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：句型條件從句主句謂語動詞形式動詞過去式(be動詞一律用were)would+動詞原形即：(從句)if +主語+動詞過去式(be 動詞用were), 一般過去時(主句) 主語+would+動詞原形 過去將來時如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有時間，我就會去散步。(事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒有時間)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的話，我會帶上雨傘。(事實(shí)上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人請我當(dāng)電影演員，我會表示拒絕。(事實(shí)上瑞沒有人請我當(dāng)電影演員)2. pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事 I pretended to sleep just now.pretend to be doing sth. 假裝正在干某事The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.pretend +從句 假裝… I pretended that I fell asleep.3. be late for 遲到 如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別⑴ a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者表肯定意義如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。⑵ few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞little 少數(shù)的　修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者表否定意義如：He has few friends. 他沒有幾個朋友。There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒有多少糖。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十億)詞前面有數(shù)詞或several一詞時要不能加s ，反之，則要加s 并與of 連用，表示數(shù)量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people幾百/千/百萬/十億人 hundreds of trees 上百棵樹