complete perfect
雖然都有“完全的”含義,但并非同義詞,在許多情況下它們只是詞義相近而已。
complete 的含義是“完整無缺的”、“圓滿的”
He is a complete stranger to me.
我一點(diǎn)也不認(rèn)識(shí)他。(可以和perfect 換用)
Before long,the noise dropped completely.
不久,那轟鳴聲就完全消失了。
perfect 不僅可表示“完整無缺”、“完全”或“純粹”,而且含有“完美無缺”、“勻稱”或“健全”的含義,總之它可以表示“盡善盡美”。由上可見,perfect 可以表示complete的含義,而complete只能表示perfect的一部分含義。 但是a complete stranger和a perfect stranger沒有什么差異,complete happiness 和perfect happiness都表示了“美滿的幸福”。
But as they soon discovered,disguises can sometimes be too perfect.
正象他們不久就發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣,化裝效果有時(shí)可能太完美無缺了。
It is a perfect alibi.
這完全是在開脫罪責(zé)。
It's a perfect stranger here.
我在這里完全是個(gè)陌生人。(可以換用complete)
注:perfect 的同義詞有 whole,entire;complete的同義詞有full,plenary.
End emphasizes finality:
End 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果:
We ended the meal with fruit and cheese.
我們最后吃的是水果和奶酪。
“Where laws end,tyranny begins” (William Pitt)。
“哪里沒有法制,暴政就從哪里開始”(威廉姆。皮特)。
Finish is sometimes interchangeable with complete:
Finish有時(shí)可與complete互換。
close shut
close 比較普通,有時(shí)可以和shut互換使用,但它更強(qiáng)調(diào)“不讓某人或某物進(jìn)入或通過”的意思,有時(shí)有“不接納”的意思,但通常表示“關(guān)閉”這一動(dòng)作
It's Sunday,so all the shops are closed.
今天是星期天,所以這些店鋪都關(guān)門了。
I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again.
我肯定沒有辦法再把箱子關(guān)上了。
shut與close 的含義差別在于,shut僅表示“關(guān)閉”之狀態(tài),不包含“不讓進(jìn)入”或“不接納”的意思。
As soon as he opens the gate from the outside,he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
它一旦從外面把門打開,便走進(jìn)園子里等著關(guān)門。
在某些習(xí)語中,只有shut而不用close.
Shut up!
住口!
He found every road to the accomplishment of his desire shut against him.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)通向?qū)崿F(xiàn)自己愿望的所有道路都被堵死了。
He shut his eyes to the severs reality.
對(duì)于這嚴(yán)峻的現(xiàn)實(shí),他是閉著眼睛不肯看的。