一、根據(jù)意思和作用的不同，過渡詞可以分為以下十五類：

　　（1）表并列關(guān)系的過渡詞:

　　and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor

　?。?）表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過渡詞:

　　besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more, what’s worse

　　（3）表轉(zhuǎn)折對比的過渡詞:

　　but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others

　?。?）表原因的過渡詞:

　　because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to（由于）

　?。?）表結(jié)果的過渡詞:

　　so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that

　?。?）表條件的過渡詞:

　　if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as

　?。?）表時間的過渡詞:

　　when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, from now on, at present, immediately, the moment

　?。?）表特定的順序關(guān)系的過渡詞:

　　first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)（后來）, meanwhile（幾乎同時）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（終于）

　?。?）表換一種方式表達(dá)的過渡詞:

　　in other words, that is to say, to put it another way

　　（10）表進(jìn)行舉例說明的過渡詞:

　　for instance, for example, like, such as

　?。?1）表陳述事實(shí)的過渡詞:

　　in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

　　（12）表強(qiáng)調(diào)的過渡詞:

　　certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously

　?。?3）表比較的過渡詞：

　　like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to

　?。?4）表目的的過渡詞：

　　for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to

　　（15）表總結(jié)的過渡詞:

　　in a word(總之，簡言之), in general, in short(總之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary

　　二、文章段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系主要由過渡詞來完成，在修辭中稱為啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合。“啟”就是開頭, “承”是承接，“轉(zhuǎn)”是轉(zhuǎn)折，“合”是綜合或總結(jié)。

　?。?）用于“啟”的過渡詞語 用于表示“啟”的過渡詞或過渡性的語句通常用在段落或文章的開頭：

　　first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,

　　It is often said that…,

　　As the proverb says…,

　　It goes without saying that…,

　　It is clear/obvious that…,

　　Many people often ask …

　?。?）用于“承”的過渡詞語 表示“承”的過渡詞或過渡性的語句通常用在段落中的第一個擴(kuò)展句中：

　　second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt

　　It is true that…,

　　Everybody knows that…,

　　It can be easily proved that…,

　　No one can deny that…

　　The reason why …is that …,

　　There is no doubt that…,

　　To take…for an example (instance) …,

　　We know that…,

　　What is more serious is that…

　?。?）用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過渡詞語 用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過渡詞或過渡性的語句通常用在段落中的第二個擴(kuò)展句中：

　　but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(無論如何), nevertheless(雖然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead,

　　I do not believe that…,

　　Perhaps you’ll ask why…

　　This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,

　　Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,

　　That’s why I feel that…

　?。?）用于“合”的過渡詞語 用于“合”的過渡詞或過渡性的語句通常用在段落的結(jié)論句或文章的結(jié)論段中：

　　in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all(畢竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(總之), on the whole(就整體而言), to sum up

　　From this point of view …

　　On account of this we can find that …

　　The result is dependent on …

　　Thus, this is the reason why we must…

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