學(xué)習(xí)英語前制訂一個科學(xué)計(jì)劃非常重要，否則時間一長，沒有約束，就會放任自流，不了了之。下面是小編為大家整理的有關(guān)八年級下冊英語知識點(diǎn)最新歸納，希望對你們有幫助!
目錄
八年級下冊英語知識點(diǎn)最新歸納
新人教版八年級下冊英語所有知識點(diǎn)
常見的非延續(xù)動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞表
★八年級下冊英語知識點(diǎn)最新歸納
Unit 1 短語及句型
1.many\much---- more + 可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞更多
few --- fewer + 可數(shù)名詞更多
little ----- less +不可數(shù)名詞更少
例如：more people、more pollution、less free time、less pollution、fewer cars、fewer trees
2.there will be 將會有 There will be more people.將會有更多的人
Will there be less pollution?會有更少的污染嗎?
Yes,there will.\ No,there won’t.
是，會有。\ 不，不會有。
3.be free 免費(fèi)的
4. on computers 在電腦上 on paper 在紙上
5.live to be 活到 live to be 200 years old 活到200歲
6.fall in love with sb.\sth. 喜愛某人或某物
7.live alone 單獨(dú)居住
8.on vacation 度假
9.over and over again 一遍又一遍
10.be the same as 與…一樣
be different from 與…不同
unit 2 單詞及短語
1.What should I \he\she\they\you do? 我\他\她\他們\你該怎么辦?
You could write him a letter. 你可以給他寫一封信。
2.argued with sb. 與某人爭吵
3.out of style 過時的 in style 時尚的
4.a ticket to a ball game 一場球賽的票
5.surprise sb. 使某人驚奇
be surprised at sth. 對…感到驚奇
to one’s surprise 令某人驚奇的事
6.pay for 支付
7.ask sb. for sth. 向某人要求某物
ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
8.have a bake sale 燒烤
9.find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明
10.get on well with sb. 與某人相處得好
11.have a fight with sb. 與某人爭吵、打架
12.not……until 直到…才
13.it’s time for sth.\it’s time to do sth. 做某事的時間到了
14.under too much pressure 承受太多的壓力
15.take part in 參加，參與
16.a mother of three 三個孩子的媽媽
Unit 3 短語及句型
1.What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
當(dāng)UFO到達(dá)時你在干什么?
2.While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
當(dāng)男孩在沿著街道走時，UFO降落了
3.in front of 在…之前(外部整體前)in the front of (內(nèi)部整體前)
4.talk on the phone 在電話中交談
5.land on the street 在街上降落
6.walk down the street 沿著街道走
7.take off (過去式 took off) 起飛
8.around ten o’clock 大約10點(diǎn)
9.You can imagine how strange it was!
你可以想象它有多奇怪!
10.Museum of Flight 飛行博物館
11.jump down 跳下來
12.in a tree 在樹上 on a tree 長在樹上
13.run away 跑開，逃跑
14.say to sb. 對某人說
15.one of the most important events 最重要的事件之一 (one of + 形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)) 最…之一
16.in silence 無聲的
17.take place 發(fā)生(預(yù)先安排) happen 發(fā)生 (偶然)
18.have meaning to sb. 對…來說有意義
Unit 4 短語及句型
1.He said he was hard-working. 他說他努力學(xué)習(xí)了
2.She said she was having a party for Lana
她說她為Lana舉行了聚會
3.mad at sb. 對某人生氣
4.first of all 首先
5.pass sth. to sb. \ pass on sth. 傳遞某物
6.be sppoused to 應(yīng)該
7.I’m better at reading than listening. 我的閱讀比聽力好。
8.I can do better in math 在數(shù)學(xué)方面我會做得更好。
9.How’s it going? 最近怎么樣?
10.be in good health 身體健康
11.end-of year exam 期末考試
12.for now 現(xiàn)在
13.get over 克服，忘掉，原諒
14.open up 打開
15.open up one’s eyes 使…開眼界
Unit 5短語及句型
1.If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.
如果你去參加聚會，你就會玩得開心
If you do,you’ll be late. 如果你這樣做，你就會遲到。
If you do, you ’ll be sorry. 如果你這樣做，你就會遺憾。
2.let sb. in 讓某人進(jìn)入
3.take sth. away 拿走某物
take sb\sth. to 把某人或某物帶到某地
4.make a lot of money 掙很多錢
5.travel around the world 環(huán)游世界
6.get an education 受到教育
7.be famous 成名 be happy 開心
8.make a living 謀生make a living doing sth.做某事而謀生
9.seem like 看起來像是
10、play sports for a living 以運(yùn)動為生
11.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.
如果你出名了，人們就會一直關(guān)注你，到處跟著你。
12.This can make life difficult. 這會使生活很困難。
13. get injured 受傷
Unite 6 短語及句型
1.How long have you been skating? 你滑冰多久了?
I’ve been skating since nine o’clock. 我從九點(diǎn)開始滑。
I ‘ve been skating for five hours. 我滑了5個小時了。
2.talk to sb. 與某人交談 talk about sth. 談?wù)撃呈?talk with sb. 與某人交談
3.raise money for charity 為慈善籌錢
4.This marathon has been going(持續(xù)) for five hours now. 這場馬拉松持續(xù)了5個小時了
5.send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物寄給(送給)某人。
6.my\his\her\their\our favorite. 我、他、她、他們、我們最喜歡的
7.run out of 用完，用盡
8.room 房間(可數(shù))，空間(不可數(shù))
9.all around 處處，到處
10.anyone else 其他任何人
11.with a colorful history 具有豐富多彩的歷史
12.be in …style 具有…的風(fēng)格 in Russian style.
13.for a foreigner like me 作為一個像我這樣的外國人
14.the more……the more 越……就越……
Unit 7 短語及句型
1.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意打掃你的房間嗎?
I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 對不起，我馬上做.
2.mind not doing sth 介意不做某事
Would you mind not playing baseball here?
你介意不在這里打棒球嗎?
Would you mind moving your car? No, not at all.
你介意把你的車移開嗎?一點(diǎn)也不介意
3.turn down 調(diào)小 turn up 調(diào)大 turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān)掉
4.right away = in a minute = at once 立刻，馬上
5.get out of 從某地出來
6.wash the dishes 洗碗
7.feed the dog 喂狗
8.cook for yourself 自己做飯
9.return the books to the library 把書還到圖書館
10.The pen you bought didn’t work. 你買的筆壞了
11..wait in line 排隊(duì) cut in line 插隊(duì)
12.get mad 生氣 get annoyed 生氣 be angry with sb
13.all the time 一直
14.in the future 在未來
15.the way to +地點(diǎn) 去某地的路
16.even if 即使
17.keep your voice down 壓低聲音，控制音量
18.put out 熄滅
19.drop litter 扔垃圾
20.pick sth. up 撿起某物
Unit 8 短語及句型
1.get sb sth 為某人買某物
get sb sth for sth 為了某事給某人買某物
2.What should I get my sister? 我該為我妹妹買什么?
3.Why don’t you do sth?
Why not do sth? 為什么不做某事?
4.How about sth/doing sth? 某物怎么樣?
What about sth/doing sth?做某事怎么樣?
5.That’s not interesting enough. 那不夠有趣。
6.He is a 6-year-old child.
He is 6 years old.
He is at the age of 6.
He is a boy of 6. 他6歲。
7.easy to take care of 容易照顧
difficult to take care of 難照顧
8.fall asleep 入睡
9.give away 贈送，分發(fā)
10.make progress 取得進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展
11.take an interest in
be interested in 對某事感興趣
12. make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友
Unit 9 短語及句型
1.have been to 去過某地
have gone to 已經(jīng)去了某地
have been in 已經(jīng)在某地
2.Me neither.
Neither+ 助/be + 主語 我也沒有。
3.Me, too.
So + 助/be + 主語 我也是。
4.hear of 聽說
5.end up 結(jié)束
end up with sth. 以某事而結(jié)束
6.have fun doing sth. 做某事開心
7.an English-speaking country 一個說英語的國家
8.all I ever wanted to do was travel 我所想做的就是旅行
9.the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳方法。
10.three quarters 四分之三 a quarter 四分之一
11.on the one hand,on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面
12. have problem doing sth. 做某事有困難
13.wake up 醒來
14.the best time to do sth. 做某事的最佳時機(jī)
15. all year round 全年
unit 10 短語及句型
1.It’s a nice day, isn’t it? 真是個好天氣，不是嗎?
2.by noon 到中午為止，不遲于中午
3.look through 瀏覽
4.The price is low/high. 價格低/ 高。
5.It’s+adj+doing+sth. 做某事怎么樣
It’s+adj+for+sb+to do sth . 對某人來說做某事怎么樣
6.feel like 感覺像是
feel like doing sth 想做某事
7.have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.做某事很開心
have a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困難
8.come along 出現(xiàn)
9.think of 想起，考慮
10.get along 相處
11.help with 在某方面幫助
12.help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做事
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★新人教版八年級下冊英語所有知識點(diǎn)
Unit1 what' s the matter?
1. It’s +形容詞 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事對某人來說是…的。
It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食對我來說是很重要的.
It’s easy to do sth. 做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案對我們來說是容易的。
2. 情態(tài)動詞should的用法
should是情態(tài)動詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。意為"應(yīng)該......"。
should(應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該)用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。
eg. ---I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厲害。
---You should lie down and have a rest. 你應(yīng)該躺下，多喝水。
3. maybe與may be
(1)maybe是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”，相當(dāng)于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question. 也許他能回答那個問題。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。
(2)may be中的may為情態(tài)動詞，譯為“可能是......”。如：
He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。
She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我們的英語老師。
4. few、a few、little、a little的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系：
(1)few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有;a few表示肯定意義， 有幾個。 例如：
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket. 籃子里有幾個雞蛋。
(2)little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有; a little 表示肯定意義，有一點(diǎn)兒。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle. Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎?
5. not…until 直到…(否定句) 才......，動詞為短暫性或瞬間性動詞。
She didn’t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.
=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.
...until/till 直到......(肯定句)動詞為延續(xù)性動詞
We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.
Unit2 I'll help clean the city parks.
1. 短語動詞小結(jié)
常見動詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種：
(1)動詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄;turn off 關(guān)掉;stay up 熬夜
這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時相當(dāng)于及物動詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動
詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動詞和副詞之間，也可放
在短語動詞后。
(2)動詞+介詞 如：listen of 聽;look at 看;belong to 屬于
這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動詞，后面跟賓語。
(3)動詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出; run out of 用完，耗盡
(4)動詞+名詞+介詞 如：take part in參加;catch hold of 抓住
2. each 每個，各自的，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的個別情況，常與of 連用
every 每個，每一個的，一切的，有“全體”的意思不能與of 連用
3. help sb. (to) do 幫助某人做某事 help him (to) study
help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 help him with English
help do 幫助做某事 help study
4. spend...doing... 花費(fèi)…做…
I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的時間去參觀北京。
spend… on sth. 花費(fèi)…在… I spent 3 years on English.
5. join 參加 (指參加團(tuán)體、組織) 如：join the Party 入黨
take part in 參加 (指參加活動) 如：take part in sports meeting 參加運(yùn)動會
6. run out 與 run out of
(1)run out (become used up). 其主語往往為物。如時間，食物，金錢，油等，本身就含有被動意義。
His money soon ran out. 他的錢很快就花光了。
Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。
(2)run out of 主語為人，表示主動含義。
He is always running out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。
兩者在一定條件下可以互換
如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol.
Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。= We are running out of time.
7. work out
(1)結(jié)局，結(jié)果為
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個策略效果很好。
(2)算出，制訂出，消耗完(精力等)
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會疲乏似的。
He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個計(jì)劃。
I have worked out our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費(fèi)用。
8. hang out 閑蕩 閑逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購物中心閑蕩。
9. be able to do 能，會
be unable to do 不能，不會
10. for sure 確實(shí)如此，毫無疑問
You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你沒有錢，這是毫無疑問的。
11. fill… with… 使…充滿… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填滿碗。
12. hand out 分發(fā) hand out bananas
give out 分發(fā) give out sth to sb. 分….給某人
give up doing 放棄… give up smoking 放棄吸煙
give away 贈送 捐贈 give away money to kids
give sb. sth. 給某人某東西 give me money 給我錢
give sth. to sb. 給某人某東西 give money to me 給我線
13. help sb. out 幫助…做事，解決難題(擺脫困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)問題，請你幫我解決。
14. train n. 火車 v. 訓(xùn)練
train sb. to do. 訓(xùn)練某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她訓(xùn)練她的狗去取東西。
15. at once == right away 立刻 馬上 如：
Do it at once. 馬上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我馬上去那里。
16. one day 有一天 (指將來/過去)
some day 有一天(指將來) 如：
One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。
Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我將去北京。
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
1. 關(guān)于 to 的短語總結(jié)
have to do sth. 不得不/必須做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事
hate to do sth. 討厭做某事
like to do sth. 喜歡做某事
want to do sth. 想做某事
love to do sth. 熱愛做某事
forget to do sth. 忘記做某事
start to do sth. 開始做某事
begin to do sth. 開始做某事
ask sb to do sth. 請某人做某事
2. ---Could you please clean your room?
---Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework first.
---Could I please use the car?
---Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you can't. I have to go out.
在表示請求幫助或請求允許的疑問句中，常用 could 代替 can，以表示禮貌，委婉或不確定的語氣，而 can 則不具備這些語氣。這種情況下不能把 could 看作 can 的過去式。以上兩句中用 could 是為了表示禮貌的請求。表示請求幫助或請求允許時，除了 can, could 之外，還可以用 may，句子的表達(dá)方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式來表示同一個概念。例：
Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?
作允答可以各種各樣：
如同意可以說 Yes，或 Sure 或 Certainly，還可說 Yes, (do) please.或 Of course. (you may / can). 或 That's OK / all right.
如果不同意，可以說 I'm sorry you can't. 或 I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免說 No, you can't. 這樣顯得很不禮貌。否定回答通常用委婉語氣。
Unit4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
1. get
( 1 ) 買
get sth. for sb. = get sb. sth. 為某人買某物
Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ?
= Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ?
( 2 ) 得到，到達(dá)
Where did you get the book?
When did you get the letter?
He got home late last night.
(3)使，讓，get + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ) 使某人/某物怎么樣
Please get you coat clean.
Get your mouth closed.
get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
I got him to call Jim yesterday.
(4)( 逐漸) 變得…...
The weather gets warmer and days get longer .
Why did the teacher get angry ?
2. how about/ what about 后跟名詞/代詞/動詞ing形式。
(1)向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請求
How about going out for a walk?
How about something to eat?
(2)向?qū)Ψ秸髑笠庖娀蚩捶?/p>
How about the TV play ?
How about buying the house now ?
( 3 ) 詢問天氣或身體情況
How about the weather in Hainan Island ?
How about your parents? Are they living with you ?
( 4 ) 談話中承接上下文
I’m forty years old. How about you?
I’m from Beijing. How about you?
3. receive 收到
The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday .
receive a letter from = get a letter from = heard from收到某人的信
I received a letter from my parents last Sunday .
= I got a letter from my parents last Sunday .
= I heard from my parents last Sunday .
accept 接受
He couldn’t accept our suggestions but our gifts.
She was very glad to receive the invitation.
I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it .
4. a 6-year-old child 一個六歲的孩子
6-year-old 是由“數(shù)詞 +名詞 + 形容詞 ” 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，作前置定語，修飾后面的名詞child。
“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數(shù)形式：
a five-year-old girl 一個五歲的女孩
a two-meter-long ruler 一把兩米長的尺子
a ten-story-high building 一棟十層高的樓房
a two-inch-thick dictionary 一本兩英寸厚的詞典
5. too...to… 太……而不能 ……
too 后跟形容詞或副詞原形, to 后跟動詞原形, 構(gòu)成不定式，句子的主語與動詞不定的主語不一時, 可以在動詞不定式前加邏輯主語for sb。
He is too young to join the army ( 軍隊(duì)) . 他年紀(jì)太小，不能去參軍。
The math problem is too difficult for me to work out . 這道數(shù)學(xué)題對我來說太難了，做不出。
too...to…可以與enough to和so…that…轉(zhuǎn)換.
She is too young to do the work .
= She isn’t old enough to do the work .
Tom is too tired to walk any farther .
= Tom is so tired that he can’t walk any farther .
6. pay , spend , cost , take 的區(qū)別
(1)pay 花費(fèi) ( 多少錢 ) , 主語是人。 sb. pay some money for sth.
I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week . 我上個星期花了5000買電腦。
(2)spend 花費(fèi) ( 多少錢或時間 )，主語是人。
sb. spend some money on sth.
sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth.
I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week .
She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework . 她花了2個小時做作業(yè)。
(3)cost 花費(fèi) ( 多少錢 ) , 主語是物。
sth. cost sb. some money.
This jacket cost him 200 dollars. 這件夾克衫花費(fèi)她200美元。
(4)take 花費(fèi) (時間 )，主語形式主語為It.
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
花費(fèi)某人多少時間做某事
How long does it take sb. to do sth? 花費(fèi)某人多少時間做某事?
It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework. 劉紅花了2個小時做作業(yè)。
7. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep
(1)sleep 動詞, 睡覺, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。
I am very tired. I want to sleep. 我很累，想睡覺。
(2)sleeping, sleep 的現(xiàn)在分詞, 表示“ 正在睡覺”。
Don’t make so much noise. The baby is sleeping. 不要這么吵，寶寶在睡覺。
(3)sleepy 想睡覺的, 困倦的。
I am a little sleepy. I’d like to go to bed. 我有點(diǎn)困了，我想去床上睡覺了。
(4)asleep 睡著了的。
The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school. 老師發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆上課睡覺，放學(xué)后就把他留了下來。
(5)fall asleep 強(qiáng)調(diào)從沒有睡著到睡著的過程, 不能接一段時間。
I couldn’t fall asleep until it was very late last night . 我昨天晚上到很晚才睡著。
(6)be asleep 表示睡著后的狀態(tài) , “ 睡著了”, 可以接一段時間。
He was asleep for three hours. 他睡了3個小時。
8. open
( 1 ) 動詞, 打開 , 開業(yè), 開張, 展現(xiàn)
Would you mind opening the window ? 你介意我把窗戶打開嗎?
( 2 ) 形容詞, be open 開著的, 開放的
On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public. 在周末，這個游泳池是對公眾開放的。
9. close 動詞, 關(guān)閉, 關(guān)上 , 合上
closed 形容詞, be closed 關(guān)著的, 關(guān)閉的
10. encourage 動詞, 鼓勵, 激勵
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人做某事
Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.
家長們應(yīng)該要鼓勵孩子們自己動手做事情。
11. progress 名詞, “ 進(jìn)步, 進(jìn)展”
make progress “取得進(jìn)步, 取得進(jìn)展”
Tom is now making great progress at school. 湯姆現(xiàn)在在學(xué)校的進(jìn)步很大。
12. take an interest in ( doing ) sth. 對 ( 做 )某事感興趣
否定表達(dá)是 take no interest in ( doing ) sth. 對 ( 做 )某事不感興趣
Do you take an interest in English ? 你對英語感興趣嗎?
Most children take an interest in playing computer games. 大多數(shù)孩子對電腦游戲很感興趣。
13. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友
Would you like to make friends with us? 你想和我們交朋友嗎?
Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
1. arrive at 到達(dá)(小地方)
arrive in到達(dá)(大地方)
reach 到達(dá)
get to 到達(dá)
I arrived in Beijing last night. = I reached Beijing last night .
= I got to Beijing last night .
如果賓語是副詞here, there, home, 要把a(bǔ)t/in/to省略。
arrive here/there/home
get here/there/home
2. in front of… 在 … 的前面 (某一范圍外的前面)
in the front of … 在 … 的前面(某一范圍內(nèi)的前面)
There are some big trees in front of the classroom building. 在教室的前面有一些大樹。
I like sitting in the front of the taxi. 我喜歡坐在出租車的前排位置。
3. take off
(1)起飛
When did the plane take off yesterday? 飛機(jī)什么時候起飛?
(2)脫下(衣帽等)
He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room. 他一進(jìn)房間就脫掉了外套。
(3)取消
They will take off the 5 am train . 他們?nèi)∠嗽缟?點(diǎn)的火車。
4. get out (of ) … 從……離開/出去/下來
A car stopped and a girl got out of it.
但從汽車/火車/船/飛機(jī)/馬匹上下來, 用get off…
5. follow
(1)跟隨 I followed him up he hill. 我跟著他上了山.
(2)沿著……前進(jìn) Follow this road until you get to the post office. 順著這條路一直到郵局.
(3)聽懂，理解 Could you speak more slowly? I can’t follow you. 你能說慢點(diǎn)嗎?我聽不懂。
(4)follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事
Please follow me to read the story. 請跟我讀這個故事。
6. shout at 大聲喊叫，多指因生氣而非善意的大聲叫喊
Don’t shout at the little boy. He is too young. 不要對他大叫，他還太小。
shout to 大聲喊叫，多指因距離遠(yuǎn)而不得不大聲叫喊
We should shout to him , or he can’t hear us. 我們應(yīng)該朝他叫喊，否則他聽不到我們的聲音。
7. happen 發(fā)生，具體事件偶然的沒有預(yù)見的發(fā)生
(1)happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday .昨天我在公園碰巧遇見我的一個老朋友。
(2)sth happens to sb. 某人發(fā)生了某事
An car accident happened to him last month. 上個月他發(fā)生了交通事故.
take place 發(fā)生
(1)按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生
Great changes have taken place in China in recent years. 最近幾年中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化.
(2)(運(yùn)動/ 活動/會議等) 舉行
The meeting will take place next Friday. 運(yùn)動會將于下星期五舉行。
take the place of 代替, 取代
Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal . 塑料有時能代替木材和金屬.
take one’s place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的職務(wù)
Come to take my place. my seat is near the window . 來做我的位置，我的座位靠近窗戶。
8. anywhere 任何地方，常用于否定句或疑問句中.
Did you go anywhere last night? 你昨天還去了別的地方了嗎?
somewhere 某個地方，用于肯定句。
come and see me. Then we’ll go out somewhere. 來我家找我，然后我們出去逛逛。
everywhere 處處, 到處 = here and there
I can’t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere. 盡管我到處都找過了，還是找不到我的鋼筆。
11. silence 名詞, 寂靜/無聲
There’s nothing but silence in the room. 屋內(nèi)寂靜無聲。
Keep in silence. 保持沉默.
silent 形容詞, 沉默的, 寂靜的
The old house was quite silent. 這所老房子寂靜無聲。
The cat moved on silent feet. 那只貓無聲地走動著。
12. hear 聽到
Can you hear someone knocking at the door? 你聽到有人敲門了嗎?
(1)hear of 聽說 , 后接表示人或物的詞
I have never heard of him before. 我以前從來沒有聽說過他。
( 2 ) hear about 聽說, 后接表示事件的名詞
I’ve just heard about his illness. 我剛剛聽說他生病的事。
Have you heard about the accident ? 你聽說了那場事故嗎?
(3)hear from 收到某人的來信
I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday. 我昨天收到在紐約的女兒的來信。
13. 主語 + be + one of the + 形容詞最高級 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + in / of 短語。
…… 是……中最……的……之一.
This was one of the most important events in modern American history. 這是美國歷史上最重要的事件之一。
Xiamen is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 廈門是中國最漂亮的城市之一。
13. experience
(1)名詞經(jīng)驗(yàn), 不可數(shù)名詞 ; 經(jīng)歷, 體驗(yàn), 可數(shù)名詞
Have you had any experience of fishing? 你有釣魚的經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎?
Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa? 你能給我們談?wù)勀阍诜侵薜慕?jīng)歷嗎?
(2)動詞 經(jīng)歷, 感覺
The children experienced many difficulties this time. 這次孩子們經(jīng)歷了許多困難.
experienced 形容詞 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的
be experienced in/at doing sth. = have much experience in/at doing sth. 做某事很有經(jīng)驗(yàn).
She is an experienced teacher. 他是一個經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教師。
He is very experienced in/at repairing cars. 他修車很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
14. as … as … 和…… 一樣… 兩個as之間用形容詞或副詞的原形。
He works as carefully as she. 他和她一樣工作認(rèn)真。
She is as tall as her mother. 她和母親一樣高。
not as… as… 不如某人/某物…
He isn’t as / so old as he looks . 他不像看起來那么老。
She doesn’t run as / so fast as her brother. 她不如她哥哥跑得那么快。
15. have fun = have a good/great/wonderful time = enjoy oneself 玩得開心，過得愉快
Did you have fun at the party? 昨天在派對上玩的開心嗎?
= Did you have a good/great/wonderful time ?
= Did you enjoy yourself ?
have fun doing sth. 開心做某事
I’m just having fun playing the guitar . 我正開心的彈吉他呢。
16. accident 事故, 意外遭遇
He was killed in an accident. 他死于一起意外事故.
traffic accident 交通事故
Many people die in traffic accidents every year. 每年有很多人死于交通事故。
by accident 偶然, 意外地
We met at the airport by accident . 我們偶然在機(jī)場遇見。
18. think about 考慮 (某個計(jì)劃 )
They are thinking about moving to Beijing. 他們考慮搬去北京。
think of 認(rèn)為 What do you think of the movie?= how do you like the movie? 你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣?
think over 仔細(xì)思考
We need a few days to think over this matter. 我們需要幾天時間來考慮這個事情。
19. 感嘆句
what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
(1)What a beautiful girl (she is )! 多么美的姑娘呀 !
(2)What a clever boy ( he is )! 多么聰明的男孩呀 !
(3)What interesting pictures ( they are )! 多么美的圖片呀 !
(4)What tall buildings ( they are )! 多么高的樓呀 !
(5)What delicious food ( it is ) ! 多么可口的食物呀 !
(6)What bad weather ( it is ) ! 多么壞的天氣呀 !
規(guī)律：what + ( a/an ) + 形容詞 + 名詞 ( + 主語 + 謂語) + !
名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時, 形容詞前面不能有a/an。
how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
(7)How heavy the box is! 多么重的箱子呀!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快呀!
(8)How careful the girl is! 多么細(xì)心的姑娘呀!
How well she plays the piano! 她的鋼琴彈得多好呀!
20. 過去進(jìn)行時
過去進(jìn)行時的用法
(1)過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。
What were you doing at 8:30 this morning? 今天早上8點(diǎn)半你正在做什么?
When I called him, he was having dinner. 當(dāng)我打電話給他時，他正在吃飯。
(2)過去某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。
What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 你昨天7點(diǎn)到9點(diǎn)在做什么?
I was reading the whole morning yesterday. 我昨天一整個早上都在看書。
過去進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成
(1)肯定句：主語 + was / were +動詞ing形式 + 時間狀語。
(2)否定句：主語 + was / were + not + 動詞ing形式 + 時間狀語。
(3)疑問句：was / were + 主語 + 動詞ing形式 + 時間狀語 ?
肯定回答：Yes , 主語 + was / were .
否定回答：No, 主語 + was / were + not .
Unit6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
1. What do you think about/of...?
So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?=How do you like the story of Yu Gong? 你覺得愚公的故事如何?
2. It doesn’t seem adj. to do sth...
It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain. 把一座山給移掉好像不太可能。
3. This is because...
This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 這是因?yàn)樗麜鶕?jù)他的形狀和大小，做出72種變化，可以將自己變成不同的動物或東西。
4. … so… that+從句
Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. 有時候他使金箍棒變得如此小以至于他可以把它放在耳朵里。
5. It takes sb. some time to do sth...
Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 因?yàn)樗鼈內(nèi)绱酥笠灾劣谧叩搅硪贿吇ㄙM(fèi)了很長時間。
6. ...not...until十從句 直到......才......
Don’t eat it until you get to the forest. 你們到達(dá)森林之后才能吃。
7. shoot v.射，射擊，過去式shot
Hou Yi shoots the sun. 后羿射日。
shoot at sth. 瞄準(zhǔn)/朝......射擊
8. as soon as…“一…...就...…，剛...…就...…”
I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回來我就把消息告訴他。
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一坐下就把英語書拿出來了。
9. A god was so moved by Yu Gong that he send two gods to take the mountains away.
(1) move v. 打動;使感動
be moved (by sth./sb.) (被某人/事)感動
I was moves by your kindness. 我被你的善良打動了。
(2)take (…) away(把......)帶走，拿走
Someone took my iPhone away while I was waiting in the station. 當(dāng)我在車站等車的時候，有人拿走了我的iphone。
take out 帶出去，拿出去
take turns (to do…) 輪流做某事
10. remind v.“提醒，使想起”，及物動詞
(1) remind sb. of sth. 讓我們想起某事
The old photo reminds me of my childhood. 這張老照片讓我想起了我的童年。
(2) remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事：
My parents often remind me to study hard. 我的父母總是提醒我要努力學(xué)習(xí)。
11. I think it’s a little bit silly. 我認(rèn)為那有點(diǎn)兒傻。
a little bit 意為“有點(diǎn)兒”，后加形容詞，相當(dāng)于a little，a bit
This is a little bit difficult for me. 這對我來說有點(diǎn)難。
12. turn...into... “把......變成......”
Please turn this into English. 請把這個譯成英語。
Joan is turning into a skilled musician. 瓊正在變成一個技藝精湛的音樂家。
13. at other times “平時，有時，在其他時候”
At other times he doesn’t have to get up at all. 平時他根本不必起來。
Sometimes we went to the beach and at other times we went to climb the mountains. 我們有時候去海灘，有時去爬山。
14. come out
(1) 出版
That magazine comes out every Monday. 那本雜志每周一出版。
(2) 出來，出現(xiàn)，開花
The stars come out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑星星就出來了。
(2) 傳出，真相大白
The truth has come out at last. 最后真相大白了。
15. become interested in，對…...感興趣 = be interested in，后接名詞，代詞，動名詞
I became interested in piano. 我對鋼琴感興趣。
16. whole adj. 全部的，整體的
whole后通常跟可數(shù)名詞，前加the/this/ my等形容詞性物主代詞修飾
The old man told us the whole story. 老人給我們講了整個故事。
all也指”所有的”，修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，放在the/ this/ my等詞前。
17. be made of… 由......制成，看得出原材料;
be made from… 由......制成，看不出原材料。
Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
1. It is adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.
It is very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 當(dāng)你接近山頂時，連呼吸都會困難。
2. ... is because ...
One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一個主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時挑戰(zhàn)自己。
3. ...show(s) (sb) that...
The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不應(yīng) 該放棄實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想。
4. 表達(dá)事物的長，寬，高，深……?
sth. /sb. +be+數(shù)量+單位+形容詞long, wide, tall, deep。
The river is 2 meters deep.
Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.
long---length (n. 長度)
wide---width (n. 寬度)
deep---depth(n. 深度)
high----height(n.高度)
the length/depth/ width/height/size of sth. … 的長度，深度，寬度，高度，面積
5. 問事物的高，深，寬，長…?
How high/deep/tall/wide/long/is...?
How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗瑪峰有多高?
6. The first Chinese team did so in1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.
1) while, 此處是“而，然而，”輕微對比。不是“當(dāng)…時候”, 用在句中，前面有逗號。
2) succeed. v. 成功
succeed in doing sth.
He succeeded in finishing the work. 他成功的完成了工作。
success n.“成功”不可數(shù)
Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的關(guān)鍵。
success n. “成功的人，物”，可數(shù)
He is a great success. 他是一個很成功的人。
successful adj. 成功的， successfully adj. 成功地
7. Adult pandas spend more than12 hours a day eating 10 kilos of bamboo.
bamboo 做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不可數(shù)，bamboo chair;但做植物講時可數(shù)。
1) sb. spend + time/money + on sth./in doing sth.
2) sb. pay +money +for sth. 某人為某物支付多少錢
3) It takes sb + time+ to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人多長時間做某事
4) sth + cost +money 某物值多少錢。
8. Canada is a lot less crowded than China. 加拿大不及中國擁擠很多。
less+adj+than 不及......
Joseph is less honest than his brother. 約瑟夫不像他兄弟那樣誠實(shí)。
less than (中間不加任何詞)“少于” There are less than 30 girls in my class. 我們班不足30個女生。
more than (中間不加任何詞)“超過，多于，相當(dāng)于over”
There are more than 30 girls in my class. 我們班有超過30個女生。
Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island?
1. Have you read Little Woman yet? 你讀過《小婦人》這本書嗎?
現(xiàn)在完成時的基本句型：
肯定式：主語 + 助動詞have/has + 動詞的過去分詞。
疑問式：助動詞Have/Has + 主語 + 動詞的過去分詞?
否定式: 主語 + 助動詞have/has + not + 動詞的過去分詞。
現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法
1)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常和副詞already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等連用。.
I have finished my homework. I am free. (我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空)
2)表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。常與since + 過去的時間點(diǎn)， for + 一段時間，so far 等時間狀語連用。
I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語。(從10年前開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))
She has swum since half an hour before. 我已經(jīng)游泳了半個小時。(半個小時前已經(jīng)開始游泳,到現(xiàn)在還在游)
already/yet的區(qū)別：
already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑問句時表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語氣;yet 用于否定句和疑問句。
He has already left here. 他已經(jīng)離開這里了。
My parents haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的父母還沒吃早餐。
2. What’s it like? 它怎么樣?
某物怎么樣? What’s +物+like?
How+be + 物? 某人怎么樣?
What’s +人+like? 用來提問人的性格
What do / does +人 + look like?用來提問人的外表
3. Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures.
《霧都孤兒》講的是一個小男孩出海并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個滿是珠寶的小島的故事。
full of 充滿
be full of = be filled with 充滿
The cup is full of water =The cup is filled with water.
be full for 對…很忙 This week is full for me.
4. It’s about four sisters growing up. 它講述的是四個姐妹的成長故事。
grow up 長大;成長
I grew up in Beijing. 我在北京長大。
grow into 長大成為
Mary grew into a beautiful girl. 瑪麗長成了一個漂亮的女孩。
5. You should hurry up. 你得快點(diǎn)。
hurry up 趕快;急忙(做某事)(用在口語中，用來催促別人快走)
in a hurry=in one’s hurry 匆忙地
hurry to do sth 匆忙去做
hurry sb. 催促某人
6. One of them died but the other ran towards my house. 他們中的一個人死了，另一個朝我的房子這邊跑過來了。
the other 另一個 , one …the other一個….另一個(僅用兩者間)
other 泛指其他的人、物 作形容詞或代詞，其后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
others 泛指另外幾個，其余的 是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，在句中作主語、賓語
the others 其他東西;其余的人們，特指某一范圍的“其他的人或物”
another 其他的;再一個;另一個，只能用于三個或更多的人或物
7. think of / think about / think over辨析
(1)think of, 固定短語，表示“提到(某人、某物、某事或某主意等)，考慮，思考，對......有某種看法”，后接名詞，代詞、動詞-ing形式。
--- What do you think of your Chinese teacher?
--- I like her very much.
(2)think of 表示“思考，考慮，對......有某種看法”時，可以與think about 互換。
What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie?
(3)think of 表示“想出，想著，想起”時，不可用think about 代替。
I always think of my childhood. 我總是想起我的童年。
(4)think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮，認(rèn)真考慮”，強(qiáng)調(diào)思考的程度比think of/about深，相當(dāng)于think about...carefully。 其中over是副詞，賓語若是名詞，則可位于over之前或之后;當(dāng)賓語是代詞時，則必須放在over之前。
Think it over before you do it. 三思而后行。
Unit9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
1. —Have you ever been to…? ---你曾經(jīng)去過游樂園嗎?
—Yes，I have. / No，I haven’t. ---是的，去過。/不，沒去過。
I/He/She have / has never been to… 我/他/她從沒去過……
I/He/She have / has been to… many times. 我/他/她去過...…很多次。
I’d like to go there again. 我還想再去一次。
2. — Have you ever been to an amusement park? ---你曾經(jīng)去過游樂園嗎?
— Yes，I have. / No，I haven’t. ---是的，去過。/不，沒去過。 點(diǎn)撥1
have been to+地點(diǎn) 去過某地
I have been to Beijing. 我去過北京。
辨析：have been to+sp.與 have gone to +sp.
①have been to +sp., 表示去過某處，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了，不在那里了。
We have been to Qingdao. 我們?nèi)ミ^青島。(現(xiàn)在不在青島)
②have gone to +sp., 表示到某處去了，現(xiàn)在還沒有回來。
They have gone to Sydney. 他們?nèi)ハつ崃恕?現(xiàn)在在悉尼或在途中)
③have been in +sp., 表示在某處呆過多長時間。
How long have you been in China? 你在中國住了多長時間?
3. neither, nor用法相同，都用于否定的倒裝，意為“也不”。
so用于肯定的倒裝。意為“也”。
①否定句+neither/nor+be(have, 助動詞或情態(tài)動詞)+另一主語，表示“也不”。
If you won’t go, neither will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。
He isn’t a teacher, neither am I. 他不是老師，我也不是。
②肯定句+so+be(have, 助動詞或情態(tài)動詞)+另一主語，表示“也”。
She likes apples, so does her brother. 她喜歡蘋果，她弟弟也喜歡。
He is from the USA, so is his wife. 他是美國人，他妻子也是。
4. 辨析：hear，hear of與hear from
(1)hear為及物動詞，意為“聽見，聽到”，后可跟復(fù)合賓語
hear sb do sth表示“聽見某人做了某事”或hear sb doing sth表示“聽見某人正做某事”。
We listened but could hear nothing. 我們留心聽，卻什么也沒有聽見。
I heard her singing in her room. 我聽見她正在房間里唱歌。
(2)hear還可作“聽說”講，后常跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
I heard that he was ill. 我聽說他病了。
I heard that it’s a good film. 我聽說那是部好影片。
(3)hear of意為“聽說”，后跟人或物作賓語。
I’ve never heard of that place. 我從未聽說過那個地方。
Have you ever heard of that story? 你聽說過那個故事嗎?
(4)hear from意為“收到某人的來信”，后跟人作賓語。
How often do you hear from your sister? 你多長時間收到你姐姐的一次信?
I heard from him last week. 我上周收到他的信。
5. find，find out與look for都含有“尋找，找到”的意思，但其含義和用法卻不同。
(1)find意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西，也可指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某物或某種情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果。
Will you find me a pen? 你替我找支鋼筆好嗎?
He didn’t find his bike. 他沒找到他的自行車。
(2)look for意為“尋找”，是有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動作。
I don’t find my pen;I’m looking for it everywhere. 我沒有找到我的鋼筆，我正到處找。
(3)find out意為“找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明”，多指通過調(diào)查、詢問、打聽、研究之后“搞清楚，弄明白”，通常含有“經(jīng)過困難曲折”的含義，指找出較難找到的、無形的、抽象的東西。
Please find out when the train leaves. 請查一下火車什么時候離站。
Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question. 讀這篇短文，找出這個問題的答案。
Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
1. Some… Others...
Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.
有些人仍然住在家鄉(xiāng)。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家鄉(xiāng)一兩次。
2. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest，I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放棄我的足球衣。但是，說實(shí)在的，我現(xiàn)在巳經(jīng)有一段時間沒有踢(足球)了。
3. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? 你是否曾經(jīng)想過要舉辦一個庭院拍賣會來出售東西?
4. What would you do with the money you raise? 你會怎么處理你所籌集到的錢?
5. 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語
already (肯定句);yet (否定或疑問);just;before;never;ever;recently最近;so far 到目前為止;
表示次數(shù)的詞，如：once, twice, three times;
for+時間段= since+時間段+ago;since+過去時間點(diǎn);since+過去時的句子;
how long;these days等
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★常見的非延續(xù)動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞表
1. 轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。
borrow — keep
buy — have
put on — wear
catch/get a cold — have a cold
get to know — know
get to sleep — sleep
2. 轉(zhuǎn)化為“be + 形容詞/副詞/介詞/名詞”
close — be closed
open — be open
die — be dead
become — be
fall sleep — be asleep
wake up — be awake
make friends — be friends
fall/get ill — be ill
lose — be lost/missing
marry — be married
leave (+地點(diǎn)) — be away (from +地點(diǎn))
come back/go back/return — be back
begin / start — be on
go out — be out
finish — be over
get up — be up
go to bed — be in bed
join — be in/be a member of
get to/arrive in(at)/reach — be (in/at)
come to/go to/move to — be (in/at)
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