GRE填空備考基本常識和學習經驗建議分享

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GRE填空解題技巧實例講解, 這些實用秘籍不可不會,一起來學習一下吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

GRE填空解題技巧實例講解這些實用秘籍不可不會

根據關鍵詞匯來判斷語言上的基本邏輯關系

因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)轉折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)遞進、(even, indeed………)對比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。

尋找句子中的重復關系

作為研究生院入學的參考考試，也許是為了體現內容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各個學科的背景知識。同時基于對所有學科學生都要公平的原則，所有的題目在解題點上都不涉及背景知識。為了做到這一點，很多時候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用語言上的線索提示你去把它找出來。以下是提供重復線索的幾種常見形式：

(1) 簡單的直接重復

The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.

A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration

盡管大自然的美確實很重要，但污染的消除不僅是什么問題，當然不僅是美的問題。

Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.

A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt

搖滾樂手很少自嘲，盡管什么東西能促進錄像短片的銷售，當然就填自嘲。

Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world ___of___.

A. bereft.. theatricality B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity

E. devoid.. neutrality

Melodramas這個詞不認識也沒關系，既然它表現的是無辜與罪行、道德與墮落、善與惡之間的刻板對立，那么它提供給觀眾什么樣的世界呢?當然是刻板對立的世界，只有E選項符合要求。

(2) 解釋型重復

The Muses are___deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.

A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate

冒號后面的內容就是正確選項D這個詞的釋義，所以不知道繆斯是什么東西也能輕松選對。

Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents___.

A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness

冒號后面的內容解釋了民主方式運作的工作團體中為何少有嚴重的沖突，所以即使看不懂a modicum of

tolerance for dissent是什么東西，也應該知道這個東西避免了嚴重沖突，故選B。

(3) 根據語法結構推斷重復

The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.

A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre.. deviation

D. oration.. grandiloquence E. achievement.. rigidity

a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位語，所以第一空格填form的同義或近義詞，that permits very little___. 這個從句完成后應為strict的同義或近義詞。

Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very

recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.

A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable

這道題同樣，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同義重復，所以空格應填入文獻學家關注的事實，已知的五個選項里顯然只有B選項的statistical(統計的)是文獻學家的份內工作。

(4) 憑借具有指示作用的形容詞或代詞來尋找重復

Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.

A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined

D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted

下半句的such a coincidence說明第一空格的動詞填入后應體現為是一種巧合，兩個看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一樣的東西(非相關專業(yè)的絕大部分學生是不太可能認識mitochondria和chloroplasts這兩個詞的)怎樣了一個長的、可以認為是一模一樣的DNA序列就是一個巧合呢?當然只有D的 share表示了這個意思。

Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.

A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable

D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable

Which指代逗號前面的那句話，也就是“法律不保障社會秩序”，這就使得法律怎樣呢?當然只有D選項的ineffective符合句意。

對于含義晦澀的句子，判斷語氣或感情色彩是有效地解決方法，有時候甚至是唯一的方法

Johnson never ___ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if ___ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.

A. deigned.. tacit B. attempted.. halfhearted C. intended.. direct

D. scrupled.. literal E. wished.. feigned

這句話對于英語閱讀能力較差的學生來說，通過正常的閱讀理解來做還是有些難度的。但是如果注意到whatever the effects on his subordinates(無論對下級產生什么影響)的語氣，就可以判斷第一空格填入后應表示johnson干的不是什么好事，唯一符合這一判斷的是D選項。

Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ___ their efforts to build a progressive party than the ___ of the progressives already elected to the legislature.

A. support for.. advocacy B. threat to.. promise C. benefit from.. success

D. obstacle to.. resistance E. praise for.. reputation

如果知道encounter的正確用法，就可以判斷第一空格應填入一個負面色彩的詞，這樣就輕松排除了A、C、E三個選項，結合后面的意思來看，只能選D。

Although ___ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin

is the realization that one's own nature is irremediably ___.

A. contrition.. resilient B. certitude.. confident C.skepticism.. innocent

D. remorse.. flawed E. resignation. frivolous

第二空格被副詞irremediably(不可救藥地)修飾，根據這個詞帶出的語氣可以判斷第二空格應填入一個負面色彩的詞，符合這一判斷的只有D、 E兩個選項。第一空格remorse的意思完全地對應“regret for having done something wrong”，故選D。

Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collective attempt to ___ experience by reducing it into discrete parcels.

A. extrapolate B. transcribe C. complicate D. amplify E. manage

這句話如果沒有看過相關背景的書籍幾乎是不可理解的，但是我們可以通過語氣和感情色彩的判斷來排除錯誤的選項，最終剩下一個看不出錯的選項，也就是正確選項了。因為語言是對抗經驗的陰謀(conspiracy against)，所以空格應填入一個負面色彩的動作，只有C選項(使復雜化、使變得麻煩)和E選項(manage除了中性的經營管理之外，還可以表示負面的操縱控制)符合這一判斷。結合方式狀語by reducing(減少、分解、簡化)來看，C選項應被排除，最后剩下仍然看不懂句意的E選項就對了。

推理判斷時注意避免發(fā)散思維

Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are ___ would be expected to be very ___, but, surprisingly, they are not.

A. lethal.. rare B. untreated.. dangerous C. unusual.. refractory

D. new.. perplexing E. widespread.. acute

根據consequently提示的上下因果關系我們可以判斷第一空格應填入severe的同義或反義，表示嚴重或不嚴重的詞只有A選項。B選項表示未曾治療的，D不用說了。C、E兩個選項其實和是否嚴重沒有關系，很多時候干擾選項的設置上利用了我們的習慣思維不縝密的、容易想當然的弱點。很多人會認為不尋常的、很少見的疾病就是嚴重的，尋常的、隨處可見的疾病就是不嚴重的。但是只要稍微想一下就知道這里面沒有任何必然的關系。

Although ___, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong ___ publicity and controversy.

A. conventional.. interest in B. monotonous.. reliance on C. shy.. aversion toward

D. retiring.. penchant for E. evasive.. impatience with

第二空格根據轉折關系顯然只能選A、D兩個選項，第一空格會有很多人覺得A選項可以選，因為覺得傳統的人就是不喜歡拋頭露面的，不喜歡與人爭吵的。同樣只要想想就該知道這里面沒有任何必然的關系，并且即便我們中國傳統的人真是這樣，這里也沒說他是中國人。這種干擾選項的設置路數和上一道題的感覺是完全一樣的。

Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously ___.

A. meditative B. tepid C. categorical D. unoriginal E. insightful

干擾選項的設置和上兩道題完全一樣，A選項的沉思冥想并不表示她所應具有的高興振奮的態(tài)度的相反，正確選項應為B選項(微溫的，缺乏熱情或激情的)，直接表明了與興奮激動的態(tài)度的相反特征。

ETS總是傾向于把詞義的對應上最為直接的、形同廢話的選項設為正確選項

The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a ___ system; its strata remain ___ and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.

A. health.. skilled B. delivery.. basic C. regimental.. flexible

D. training.. inferior E. caste.. intact

醫(yī)療職業(yè)的等級(hierarchy)在許多方面是一個等級體系(caste system)

The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ___, most frequently by human intervention.

A. celebrated B. predicted C. observed D. disturbed E. questioned

被掠食者和掠食者之間的自然平衡被人類的干擾(intervention)干擾(disturbed)了

Poe's ___ reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise ___ literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.

A. thorough.. completed B. petulant.. unpopular C. insightful.. unappreciated

D. enthusiastic.. acclaimed E. harsh.. undeserving

愛倫坡有判斷力的(insightful)現代小說評論使得我們佩服他的判斷力(critical judgment)

Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly ___ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.

A.appreciated B. emulated C. criticized D. revised E. reprinted

十分恰當的是，這部充滿了變遷(changing)的時代、變遷的風格的作品多年以來一直被改變(revise)，從而反映了它自身的可變性(mutability)

GRE填空的語氣詞整理

新GRE句子填空的語氣詞大致有2種類型：

1.原句中帶有語氣詞，通過分析句子結構從選項中進行排除，解答這類題目時關鍵在于發(fā)現破題點。

例句1：It is assumed that scientists will avoid making _____ claims about the results of their experiments because of the likelihood that they will be exposed when other researchers cannot _____ their findings.

A. Hypothetical… evaluate

B. Fraudulent… duplicate

C. Verifiable… contradict

D. Radical… contest

E. Extravagant… dispute

解析：本題原句中的exposed是破題點所在，中文意思即“曝光”，既然是可能被曝光，那么這一定是表示貶義的，是從反面說明的。再根據句子表示的因果關系可以推測出第一個空白處必定也是表示貶義的，綜觀五個備選答案，只有B和E能與這種語氣形成對應，而從語意上比較這兩個詞，fraudulent是“欺詐的，欺騙性的”意思，extravagant意思為“奢侈的，浪費的，放縱的”，后者與原句意思不相關，無疑正確答案就只剩下B。

例句2：Those who fear the influence of television deliberately_______ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.

(A) promote

(B) underplay

(D) laud

(E) suspect

解析：本題只有一個空白，那么我們集中精力攻克就可以了，但是不一定就比兩個空白的簡單，要從句子整體尋找對應。第一個關鍵步驟就是發(fā)現破題點，在此依舊為一個單詞deliberately，即我們所說的表示語氣的詞，既然是故意的，那么該行為所表達的動作一定不是正面的，按照這個意思去理解，選項中的A和D首先被排除，因為這兩個詞都是從正面去說的，再結合原句的意思不難發(fā)現正確答案為B。

2.語氣詞出現在選項中，要結合句意在選項中比較、排除。

例句1: The scientist found it puzzling that his rival‘s theory retained its_______ despite widespread suggestions that it was now _______.

A. perspective…dated

B. currency…moribund

C. appeal …accepted

D. complexity…unfathomable

E. credibility…recognized

解析：本句從整體上判斷屬于轉折關系句型，而且空白出現在兩個分句中，需要將二者結合起來考慮，乍一看不能立即排除掉任何一個選項，這時候就應該把選項依次代入原句，根據句子結構這兩個空白處要填的詞語氣相反，按照這個邏輯去對應，只有B符合要求。

例句2: Paleontologists‘ assumptions about the equable nature of the climate on the primeval island of Pangaea are ________ computer simulations indicating that the island‘s temperatures tended to _______ during the course of a year.

A. based on… cool

B. confirmed by… vary

C. challenged by…stabilize

D. bolstered by…soar

E. undermined by…fluctuate

解析：本題是綜合性質的，從句子整體來看屬于現在分詞起解釋說明的作用，也不能立即排除掉任何選項，但通過比較選項可以將其分為正面語氣和反面語氣，從而按照結合句意縮小范圍，均衡二者之后，可以得出如果第一個空白處為正面語氣，也就是說computer simulations起到了好的作用，那么第二個空應該就是表示穩(wěn)定之類的詞語，反之如果是起到了不好的作用，則要變得not equable。本題正確答案為E。

GRE填空練習題精選

1. While some argue that imposing tolls on highway users circumvents the need to raise public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense of maintaining a vast network of roads ______ reliance on these general taxes.

A avoids

B diminishes

C necessitates

D discourages

E ameliorates

2. While scientists dismiss as fanciful the idea of sudden changes in a genetic code (spontaneous mutation), it is possible that nature, like some master musician, ______ on occasion, departing from the expected or predictable.

A repeats

B improvises

C ornaments

D corrects

E harmonizes

3. Art (i) ______ science, but that does not mean that the artist must also be a scientist; an artist uses the fruits of science but need not (ii) ______ the theories from which they derive.

Blank (i)

A incorporates

B resembles

C transcends

Blank (ii)

D understand

E repudiate

F anticipate

4. My family often found others laughable, but I learned quite early to be (i) ______ while people were present, laughing only later at what was funny and mocking what to us seemed (ii) ______.

Blank (i)

A wistful

B courteous

C superficial

Blank (ii)

D enviable

E bizarre

F extraordinary

5. As is often the case with collections of lectures by (i) ______ authors, the book as a whole is (ii) ______, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves.

Blank (i)

A different

B mediocre

C controversial

Blank (ii)

D abysmal

E systematic

F disconnected

GRE填空練習題精選

6. While many people utilize homeopathic remedies to treat health problems, other people do not (i) ______ such alternative treatments, (ii) ______ conventional medical treatments instead.

Blank (i)

A distrust

B countenance

C scrutinize

Blank (ii)

D relying on

E turning from

F eschewing

For each of Questions 7 to 10, select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.

7. Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of ______ can boost sales of video clips very nicely.

A self-deprecation

B congeniality

C cynicism

D self-mockery

E self-doubt

F self-assured

8. What is most important to the monkeys in the sanctuary is that they are a group; this is so because primates are inveterately ______ and build their lives around each other.

A independent

B self-reliant

C curious

D social

E proprietary

F gregarious

9. The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ______, most frequently by human intervention.

A rationality

B neutrality

C flexibility

D sanity

E disinterestedness

F insincerity

10. Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of literature produced in the United States truly ______ a national literature, or whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.

A constituted

B symbolized

C undermined

D precluded

E subverted

F eliminate

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