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詞匯精選：encourage的用法和辨析

一、詳細釋義：

v.

鼓勵，激勵 [T]

例句：

She encouraged him to talk to her.

她鼓勵他與她交談。

例句：

Old and young cadres learn from each other and encourage each other.

新老干部相互學(xué)習(xí)，相互激勵。

促進，助長;激發(fā) [T]

例句：

Don't encourage her laziness by doing things for her.

別代她做事助長她的懶惰。

例句：

Burning the field to encourage new plant growth.

焚燒原野以促進新植物生長。

支持 [T]

例句：

Industrial countries tend to support domestic production and thereby inhibit imports and encourage exports.

工業(yè)國則傾向于支持國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)，從而阻止進口和鼓勵出口。

例句：

Encouraged and supported by her father, she brilliantly displayed her talent on the poetry.

在她父親的鼓勵和支持下，她能盡情的發(fā)揮她在詩歌上的天才。

二、詞義辨析：

encourage,inspire,excite,stimulate

這些動作均表“鼓勵，激勵”之意。 encourage指提高某人情緒，增強戰(zhàn)勝困難，實現(xiàn)目標的信心和勇氣。 inspire通常指鼓起勇氣，充滿信心和希望。 excite主要指某人的言行或其它外界因素使他人變得興奮或感情沖動，多用被動態(tài)。 stimulate尤指人或物因外界因素而受到刺激，使人振作起來或增強做某事的信心和勇氣。

三、參考例句：

We encourage it.

我們對此表示鼓勵。

Encourage those around you.

你應(yīng)該多鼓勵他們。

We encourage to reapply!

我們鼓勵求職者再次申請。

An enterprise should encourage innovation.

企業(yè)應(yīng)鼓勵創(chuàng)新。

There are tax incentives to encourage saving.

有稅收激勵政策鼓勵人們進行儲蓄。

We encourage diversification in the school system.

我們鼓勵辦學(xué)模式有多元代的發(fā)展。

Might these encourage others to follow suit?

這會不會鼓勵其他人的跟風(fēng)?

You should encourage your students by heart.

你應(yīng)該由衷地鼓勵你的學(xué)生。

We will encourage the people to read.

倡導(dǎo)全民閱讀。

We should encourage reclamation and recycling.

我們應(yīng)當鼓勵廢物的回收和利用。

初中英語高頻動詞用法大匯總

加to do的高頻考查動詞

1. afford to do 負擔(dān)的起做某事

We can’t afford to make any mistakes.我們承擔(dān)不起任何失誤。

2. agree to do 同意做某事

Do you agree to have dinner today? 今天你同意一塊吃飯嗎?

3. choose to do 選擇做某事

Why do so many choose to leave their country? 為什么有這么多人要離開祖國?

4. decide to do 決定做某事

She decided to accept the offer. 她決定接受這一提議。

5. expect to do 期待做某事

The shop expects to make more money this year. 這家店鋪期望今年多賺點錢。

6. hope to do 希望做某事

I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年某一時候再見到你。

7. hurry to do 急忙做某事

We shall have to hurry to get there in time. 我們將不得不及時趕到那。

8. manage to do 設(shè)法做成某事

How do you manage to do such a thing? 你是怎么設(shè)法做這樣的事?

9. plan to do 打算做某事

Where do you plan to spend your holiday? 你打算去哪里度假?

10. prefer to do 寧愿做某事

I prefer to travel in the front of the car. 我寧愿坐在汽車的前面。

11. refuse to do 拒絕做某事

I refuse to answer that question. 我不愿回答那個問題。

12. seem to do 看似做了某事

The books seem to be lost. 那些書好像不見了。

13. wish to do 希望做某事

I wish to talk with you in private. 我希望能私下里同你談話。

14. want to do 想要做某事

Is that why you don\'t want to go home? 這就是你不想回家的原因嗎?

15. would like to do 想要做某事

I would like to have a word with you. 我想同你說句話。

加sb. to do的高頻考查動詞

1. allow ab. to do 允許某人做某事

My boss doesn\'t allow me to use the telephone. 老板不許我使用電話。

2. cause ab. to do 導(dǎo)致某人做某事

The beliefin god causes people to do good. 對上帝的信仰使人行善。

3. encourage sb. to do 鼓勵某人做某事

Peter， my English teacher， never fails to encourage us to study hard. 我的英文老師彼得總是鼓勵我們要好好用功。

4. force sb. to do 強迫某人做某事

No power on earth could force me to do it. 誰也不能強迫我做這事。

5. invite sb. to do 邀請某人做某事

We invite her to have Thanksgiving dinner with us. 我們邀請她和我們一起吃感恩節(jié)晚餐。

6. teach sb. to do 教某人做某事

It is time for somebody to teach you to behave yourself. 該是有人教你應(yīng)對進退之禮儀的時候了。

7. warn sb. to do 警告某人做某事

The police warn us not to go out at night. 警察告誡我們夜間不要出門。

8. …enough to do 足夠做某事

Would you be kind enough to take a message to him? 拜托您捎個信兒給他。

9. It’s + adj+ for sb. to do 對某人來說做某事很...

Is it necessary for me to attend the meeting?我真的必須參加這個會議嗎?

10. It takes sb. some time to do 花費某人多長時間做某事

How long does it take to go to the airport by taxi? 坐出租汽車去飛機場要多長時間?

后加doing的高頻考查動詞

1. avoid doing 避免做某事

Avoid crossing this street at rush hours. 避免在交通擁擠時間穿越這條街道。

2. consider doing 考慮做某事

Would you consider working in New York next year? 明年你考慮到紐約工作嗎?

3. enjoy doing 享受做某事

I enjoy singing， much more listening to music. 我喜歡唱歌，更不用說聽音樂了。

4. finish doing 結(jié)束做某事

It took us a whole week to finish painting the home. 我們花了整整一星期的時間才把房子粉刷好。

5. hate doing 討厭做某事

The boys hate doing homework on Sundays. 男孩們討厭在星期日做家庭作業(yè)。

6. imagine doing 想象做某事

I can\'t imagine living with a drunk. 我想象不出與一個醉漢生活在一起的情形。

7. keep doing 持續(xù)做某事

Foreign words keep coming into English. 外來詞源源不斷地進入英語。

8. mind doing 介意做某事

Would you mind stepping aside to let me pass? 你介意站開讓我走過去嗎?

9. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事

Practice throwing the ball into the net. 練習(xí)投籃。

10. regret doing 后悔做某事

I believe you will regret leaving Paris. 我相信你會為離開巴黎而后悔的。

11. risk doing 冒險做某事

I don’t think they will risk holding an election. 我想他們是不會冒風(fēng)險舉行選舉的。

12. suggest doing 建議做某事

I suggested going for a walk. 我建議去散步。

13. be worth doing 值得做某事

14. spend…doing花費...做某事

How much time do you spend practicing English every day? 你每天花多少時間練習(xí)英文?

15. while/when doing

I like to listen to music while running. 我喜歡一邊跑步，一邊聽音樂。

16. have a good time/fun/problems/trouble/difficulty doing做某事有樂趣/問題/麻煩/困難： I have difficulty remembering names. 我不易記住人名。

17. prevent/stop/keep…from doing阻止...做某事

Nothing can prevent him from going. 什么都不能阻止他前往。

加do的高頻考查動詞

1. let sb. do 讓某人做某事

I hope you can pardon his badness and let him start all over again.希望您能原諒他的不好，讓他從新開始。

2. make sb. do 使某人做某事

He find it impossible to make her change her mind. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)使她改變主意是不可能的。

3. hear sb. do 聽見某人做某事

The shouting boy did not hear his mother call him. 大聲叫嚷的孩子聽不到媽媽的叫喚。

4. have sb. do 要求某人做某事

Will you like to have him call you back ? 要他給你回個電話嗎?

5. would rather do than do 寧愿做...不愿做...

They would rather go fishing than stay at home. 他們寧愿去釣魚，也不愿待在家里。

6. had better do 最好做某事

You had better have another think. 你最好 再想一想。

加to doing的高頻考查動詞

1. prefer doing to doing 寧愿做...不愿做...

Their teacher prefers doing to talking. 他們的老師喜歡做而不喜歡說。

2. be used to doing 習(xí)慣做某事

I'm not used to doing shopping online. 我不習(xí)慣于網(wǎng)上購物。

3. look forward to doing 期待做某事

I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望著能自己一人待在這所房子里。

4. pay attention to doing 注意力集中在做某事上

You should pay attention to picking your words . 你應(yīng)該注意措詞。

5. devote … to doing 奉獻...去做某事

I devote myself to helping the poor. 我致力于幫助窮人。

六. 加to do= 加doing的高頻考查動詞

1. start to do =start doing 開始做

When did you start to learn English? 你何時開始學(xué)英語的?

2. learn to do = learn doing學(xué)著做

She is learning to play the piano. 她在學(xué)彈鋼琴。

3. continue to do = continue doing繼續(xù)做

Bread continues to rise in price. 面包的價格繼續(xù)上漲。

加to do≠加doing的高頻考查動詞

1. forget to do 忘記要做

Don't forget to leave room for our teacher.

forget doing做了某事而把它忘記了

2. remember to do記得要做

remember doing記得做過

3. need to do需要做

need doing需要被做

4. stop to do 停下來開始做

stop doing 停止正在做的事

動詞不定式的常見用法

動詞不定式作主語時，句子的謂語動詞常用單數(shù)，其位置有以下兩種:

(1)把不定式置于句首。

例:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.騎自行車到那兒將花費我們半個小時。

(2)用it作形式主語，把真正的主語不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。例:

①It+is+名詞+to do

例:It's our duty to take good care of the old.照顧老人是我們的責(zé)任。

②It takes sb+some time+to do

例:How long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少時間來完成這項工作?

③It+be+形容詞+for sb+to do

例:It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.

我們難以在四分之一小時內(nèi)完成這篇作文。

④It seems(appears)+形容詞+to do

It seemed impossible to save money.

省錢似乎是不可能的

在句型③中，常用表示客觀情況的形容詞，如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;

句型④中，常用(careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise)等表示贊揚或批評的詞。在不定式前的sb，可看作其邏輯主語。這一句式有時相當于Sb is+形容詞+to do句式

例:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.

⑤It + 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)可位于(believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder)之后

例:He thought it would be safer to go by train.他認為乘火車比較安全。

⑥不定式的完成式也可作句子的主語

例:To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable.

兩次犯同樣的錯誤是不可原諒的。

2、折疊作賓語

(1) 以下動詞后，只能跟不定式作賓語

afford (付得起)，agree(同意)，aim(力求做到)，appear(顯得)，arrange(安排)，ask(要求)，attempt (試圖)，care(想要)，choose(決定)，claim(聲稱)，condescend(屈尊)，consent(準許)，decide(決定)，demand(要求)，determine(決心)，endeavor(竭力)，expect(期待)，fail(未履行)，help(幫助)，hesitate(猶豫)，hope(希望)，learn(學(xué)會)，manage(設(shè)法)，neglect(疏忽)，offer(主動提出)，plan(計劃)，prepare(準備)，pretend(假裝)，proceed(接著做)，promise(答應(yīng))，prove(證明)，refuse(拒絕)，resolve(解決)，seem(覺得好像)，swear(發(fā)誓)，tend(往往會)，threaten(預(yù)示)，undertake(承諾)，volunteer(自愿做)，vow(發(fā)誓)，want(想要)，wish(希望)

例:The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。

(2) 動詞+疑問詞+ 不定式

(decide,know,consider,forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tell)

例:Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們?nèi)绾稳プ觥?/p>

注:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

(3)當復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時，先用形式賓語it代替不定式，把不定式置于補語之后，即:主語+動詞+it+補語+to do句式。

例:We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

3、折疊作補語

(1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)

常見動詞:advise，allow，believe，cause，challenge，compel，declare，encourage，forbid，force， find，hire，induce，instruct，invite，like，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，select，send，suppose，tell，train，urge

例: Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。

(2) to + be 的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，作補語的動詞。

常見動詞:acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設(shè)想), feel, find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以為), understand

例:We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

我們認為湯姆是班上最好的學(xué)生之一。

(3) to be +形容詞

常見動詞:seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…

例:The book is believed to be uninteresting.

人們認為這本書沒什么意思。

(4) there be+不定式

①(believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstand)

例:We didn't expect there to be so many people there.

我們沒料到會有那么多人在哪里。

②有些動詞需用as 短語做補語(regard,think,believe,take,consider.)

例:We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認為湯姆是我們最好的老師。

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