托福考試如何避免聽力拖后腿?補(bǔ)足短板要這么練。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈?荚嚾绾伪苊饴犃ν虾笸龋M軌驇椭酱蠹?,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。
托??荚嚾绾伪苊饴犃ν虾笸?補(bǔ)足短板要這么練
練聽力做筆記提升記憶效果
在托福聽力進(jìn)行中,材料是只讀一遍的,而且在有些題目中,考生只有在材料播放完之后才能看到題目。正因如此,考生在聽的過程中做好筆記就成為了一個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。在記錄筆記的過程中,大家要做到條理清晰、書寫盡量工整、提倡使用一些自己慣用的縮寫和圖形來表達(dá),提高記筆記的效率,并能夠?yàn)榇痤}時(shí)候高效準(zhǔn)確地提取信息打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。而只有這樣,大家在看到了題目后,才能根據(jù)之前所記錄的筆記,有條理地分析出最終答案。如果對聽力材料的內(nèi)容理解不是特別充分,或者對可能考查的重點(diǎn)及細(xì)節(jié)把握不夠,都會造成聽完材料之后卻對題目不知如何著手,這就要求大家在聽材料的過程中,除去對材料本身的理解把握及記錄之外,還應(yīng)該注意對話中談話雙方對所談?wù)搩?nèi)容的觀點(diǎn)及態(tài)度,從而從整體上感知材料,形成對材料的整體的全面的把握。
合理切換聽和寫步驟保證節(jié)奏
在托福聽力備考過程中,聽寫練習(xí)是一個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。而小編建議大家,對于聽寫練習(xí)的開展可以在有了一定聽力基礎(chǔ)后再正式開始。這么做的原因很簡單,聽力基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)可以完全把握好聽和寫的節(jié)奏,在記錄“寫”的內(nèi)容時(shí),也可以同時(shí)把握好“聽”的同步進(jìn)行,不會有相互博弈的問題產(chǎn)生。很多同學(xué)聽寫中常會自己跟自己打架,顧著聽就來不及寫,專心寫又沒聽清后面說的內(nèi)容,結(jié)果聽也沒聽懂,記錄也亂七八糟自己都看不懂。想要避免這種問題,考生一定要練好聽與寫之間的平衡和節(jié)奏感。
尋找自己的聽力弱點(diǎn)盲區(qū)來改善
在聽力練習(xí)完成之后,考生也不能簡單地核對答案就覺得萬事大吉。大家最好在核對答案的同時(shí)做好記錄,查看一下自己有沒有在同類問題或者相似內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)反復(fù)錯(cuò)誤的情況,通過對比發(fā)現(xiàn)可能存在的一些薄弱環(huán)節(jié)和高頻盲區(qū),及時(shí)調(diào)整之后的訓(xùn)練目標(biāo),有針對性地迅速搞定弱點(diǎn)問題,讓自己的練習(xí)能有真正的快速提升。
不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)音需及時(shí)糾正
有些考生可能會覺得,讀音和聽力有什么關(guān)系。實(shí)際上,不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的發(fā)音不僅會影響到大家的口語考試,對于聽力同樣也是有損害的。明明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)音是那樣,考生自身認(rèn)知的發(fā)音卻有所差異,到了聽力考試中就容易出現(xiàn)明明聽到但聽不懂的情況。實(shí)際上,因?yàn)榘l(fā)音問題導(dǎo)致自己聽不懂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)考試聽力發(fā)音的情況并不少見。而托??荚囎鳛橐婚T英語能力綜合測試,各個(gè)題型之間所需求的英語能力其實(shí)也是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的,糾正了讀音問題,不僅會直接讓各位的口語能力得到提升,也會讓聽力間接受益。因此,糾正讀音問題對于聽力來說也是必不可少的。
2020托福聽力練習(xí):美國政府?dāng)M用無人機(jī)發(fā)射疫苗保護(hù)瀕危雪貂
A recent headline on the Web site theverge.com got a lot of attention on social media. Because each new phrase seemed to take the message in an unexpected direction. The headline read: U.S. government plans to use drones to fire vaccine-laced M&Ms near endangered ferrets.
Some background. Black-footed ferrets have been on the endangered species list since 1967. Only about 300 were known to be alive in the wild at the end of 2015. They tend to live in the Great Plains and the West. Because they love to eat prairie dogs, which tend to live in the Great Plains and the West. Unfortunately, prairie dogs often harbor fleas, and fleas can carry the plague. Yup, that plague, the so-called Black Death that killed millions in Europe in the 14th century.
So ferrets suffer when fleas cause a plague outbreak in prairie dogs, either because the ferrets also catch the disease or because the prairie dogs die and the ferrets go hungry. Officials have tried vaccinating individual ferrets and they've tried treating prairie-dog burrows with flea-killer. But neither method is particularly efficient.
And so the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is preparing a study for September in the UL Bend National Wildlife Refuge in Montana. The viral headline was incorrect about the M&Ms, but otherwise, yes, aerial drones will shoot vaccine-laced pellets designed to be irresistible to prairie dogs. The drone delivery system should quickly spread the vaccine-carrying goodies over a wide area so that lots of prairie dogs gobble them up—thus making the prairie dogs available to be gobbled up, safely, by the endangered ferrets.
And so everybody wins. Except for the prairie dogs that get eaten. And the Yersinia pestis bacteria that cause plague. Well, that's it for me, I've droned on long enough.
Theverge.com網(wǎng)站最近的一條標(biāo)題引起很多社交媒體的關(guān)注。原因是每一個(gè)新短語都好像將這條信息引往了一個(gè)意想不到的方向。標(biāo)題寫著:美國政府計(jì)劃用無人機(jī)向?yàn)l危雪貂棲息地發(fā)射帶有疫苗的M&Ms糖果。
背景介紹:黑足雪貂在1967年被列入瀕危物種名單。截至2015年底,現(xiàn)存的野生黑足雪貂只有300只左右。黑足雪貂喜歡生活在美國大平原和美國西部地區(qū)。這是因?yàn)樗鼈兿矚g吃的草原犬鼠生活在美國大平原和西部地區(qū)。不幸的是,草原犬鼠通常會滋生跳蚤,并且跳蚤可能帶有鼠疫。沒錯(cuò),被稱為“黑死病”的鼠疫在14世紀(jì)導(dǎo)致歐洲數(shù)百萬人死亡。
因此,當(dāng)跳蚤導(dǎo)致鼠疫襲擊草原犬鼠時(shí),雪貂也會受到牽連,要么是因?yàn)檠跻矔旧鲜笠?,要么是因?yàn)椴菰蟮乃劳鰧?dǎo)致雪貂挨餓。官員曾嘗試給雪貂接種疫苗,也曾嘗試往草原犬鼠的洞穴里噴灑殺蚤劑。但這兩種方法都不是特別有效。
所以,美國魚類和野生動物局正在為一項(xiàng)研究做準(zhǔn)備,該研究將于9月在蒙大拿州國家野生動物保護(hù)區(qū)啟動。那條轟動標(biāo)題中有關(guān)M&Ms的部分是不正確的,不過除此以外,無人機(jī)的確將發(fā)射帶有疫苗的糖果,這種糖果被設(shè)計(jì)成使草原犬鼠無法抗拒的美味。無人機(jī)輸送系統(tǒng)應(yīng)在廣泛區(qū)域迅速播撒帶有疫苗的糖果,讓大量草原犬鼠食用,進(jìn)而讓瀕危雪貂可以安全地捕食草原犬鼠。
這樣大家都是贏家。當(dāng)然,除了被吃掉的草原犬鼠和引發(fā)鼠疫的鼠疫耶爾森氏桿菌。好了,就是這些了,我已經(jīng)講了很長時(shí)間了。
重點(diǎn)講解:
1. either...or... (表示在兩者或多者中擇其一)或者,要么;
例句:Either we will find a supply, or we will make the goods.
我們或是尋求供貨,或者自己制造。
2. go hungry 挨餓;吃不飽;
例句:Leonidas' family had been poor, he went hungry for years.
利奧尼達(dá)斯家曾經(jīng)很窮,他有很多年都吃不飽肚子。
3. gobble up 貪婪地吃;狼吞虎咽;
例句:There were dangerous beasts in the river that might gobble you up.
河里有吃人的危險(xiǎn)動物。
4. except for 除了;除…之外;唯有;
例句:Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper.
史密斯除了脾氣不好外,是個(gè)好人。
5. drone on (人)絮絮叨叨地說,喋喋不休地說;
例句:Aunt Maimie's voice droned on.
梅米姨媽喋喋不休地說著。
2020托福聽力練習(xí):雞味可驅(qū)蚊防瘧疾
In Africa's battle against malaria, two low-tech tactics—insecticides and bed nets—have done a decent job killing off mosquitoes. "But it's mainly one species that's been affected. That's a species called Anopheles gambiae, often referred to the African malaria mosquito." Rickard Ignell, a chemical ecologist at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
He says, despite that success, the problem is far from solved. For one, mosquitoes are developing resistance to insecticides. And two, there are many other species that can spread the disease. Including one that's common in the horn of Africa: Anopheles arabiensis.
Unlike the pickier gambiae, its palate is wide-ranging. Arabiensis sucks the blood of cattle, sheep, goats. But… not chickens. "Chickens like mosquitoes. So they'll actively feed on mosquitoes and other insects. So avoiding chickens could be a way of surviving, and evolving a way of smelling the chickens could be an early warning system for them."
And it turns out, that aversion to chickens can be used against the insects. Ignell and his colleagues isolated chemical compounds from chicken feathers, and dispensed them next to a human sleeping under a bed net—a human lure. And they found that fewer mosquitoes came round for a snack, due to the repellent chemicals. The findings appear in the Malaria Journal.
Ignell says this chicken cologne won't be immediately available. "Ideally the world would be like that, that we could bottle it up and send it off and they don't have to pay anything. But that's not the case usually." Luckily, there's an equally effective substitute. "We can actually reduce the number of mosquitoes indoors by just using a chicken. So that's probably the cheapest option."
非洲在對抗瘧疾時(shí)用了兩種低科技手段:殺蟲劑和蚊帳,這兩種方法有效地殺死了蚊子?!暗?,這兩種方法只能對一個(gè)物種產(chǎn)生影響。這個(gè)物種是岡比亞按蚊,常被稱為非洲瘧蚊?!比鸬滢r(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)大學(xué)的化學(xué)生態(tài)學(xué)家理查德·伊格內(nèi)爾說道。
他表示,雖然這兩種方法取得了成功,但問題遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有解決。一方面,蚊子已經(jīng)對殺蟲劑產(chǎn)生了抗藥性。另一方面,還有很多其它物種可以傳播疾病。其中一個(gè)物種就是在非洲之角這一地區(qū)常見的阿拉伯按蚊。
與更為挑剔的岡比亞按蚊不同,阿拉伯按蚊的口味更為廣泛。阿拉伯按蚊會吸牛、綿羊、山羊的血,但是……卻不會吸雞的血?!笆紫?,雞喜歡蚊子。所以它們會以蚊子和其他昆蟲為食。因此,對蚊子來說,不吸雞的血可能是一種生存方式,而使聞雞類味道的能力得到進(jìn)化可以成為早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)?!?/p>
事實(shí)證明,可以利用這種對雞類的厭惡感來對抗昆蟲。伊格內(nèi)爾和同事從雞的羽毛中分離出化合物,然后將這種化合物放置在睡在蚊帳里的人類的旁邊,這是一種人為誘惑。他們發(fā)現(xiàn),由于討厭這種化學(xué)物質(zhì),很少有蚊子會進(jìn)入蚊帳吸血。這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《瘧疾雜志》上。
伊格內(nèi)爾表示,現(xiàn)在還不能馬上提供這種雞味古龍香水?!白罾硐氲那闆r是,我們可以把它裝進(jìn)瓶子里,然后讓味道散發(fā)出去,它們不需要付出什么。但是顯然情況并非如此?!毙疫\(yùn)的是,有一個(gè)同樣有效的替代品,“我們可以用一只雞來減少室內(nèi)蚊子的數(shù)量??赡苓@是最便宜的選擇?!?/p>
重點(diǎn)講解:
kill off 被全部殺死;被滅絕;
例句:Their natural predators have been killed off.
它們的天敵被全部殺死。
2. be far from 根本不;遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不;
例句:His explanation was far from satisfactory.
他的解釋一點(diǎn)也不令人滿意。
3. turn out 結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn);結(jié)果是;
例句:It turned out to be a wild-goose chase.
結(jié)果證明這只不過是一場徒勞。
4. due to 由于;因?yàn)?
例句:Accidents due to driving at high speed were very common that weekend.
在那個(gè)周末因高速駕駛造成的交通事故很多。