托福聽力如何聽寫做筆記

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許多中國的托?？忌即嬖谝粋€比較明顯的問題，那就是雖然在閱讀寫作方面有不錯表現(xiàn)，但卻相當(dāng)缺乏聽說能力，托福聽力往往做的慘不忍睹。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈Ｂ犃淇即蚧A(chǔ)新手訓(xùn)練要點解讀，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福聽力備考打基礎(chǔ)新手訓(xùn)練要點解讀

積累提升托福單詞聽力基礎(chǔ)

第一個階段是識別的過程，要求邊聽、邊看、邊讀、邊寫地記單詞。在這個階段，除了需要知道這個單詞是什么意思，更要知道這個單詞怎么發(fā)音，讓耳朵記住它。

第二個階段是鞏固的過程，要求同學(xué)們合上單詞書，只聽MP3去反應(yīng)單詞的釋義和拼寫。如果聽到不太會的單詞，多次重復(fù)聽，直到大腦反應(yīng)出釋義為止。只有這樣才可以把單詞真正地記牢，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為聽覺單詞。第三個階段是強化階段，要求同學(xué)們重復(fù)第二個階段，但需要在MP3中中文釋義出現(xiàn)之前反應(yīng)出單詞的釋義，提高對單詞的反應(yīng)速度。

強化語法認知聽懂多種句式

托福聽力考試考查的是句子，而且句子有簡單句、復(fù)合句、復(fù)雜句之分。我們?nèi)粘Ｊ褂玫淖疃嗟氖呛唵尉?，但是考試，一般來講，考查的最多的恰恰是復(fù)合句和復(fù)雜句，所以，對于我們的基本的語法知識，各位托福備考的同學(xué)可以有意識的強化一下復(fù)合句和復(fù)雜句的知識。這樣在考試中，自己才會明白到底什么地方會是考點。

托福聽力基礎(chǔ)也是口語基礎(chǔ)

托福聽力和口語之間有比較大的關(guān)系，聽力好的人口語往往也說得不錯，反之亦然。因此打好托福聽力基礎(chǔ)同時也相當(dāng)于打好了口語基礎(chǔ)，兩者之間互相關(guān)聯(lián)，因此大家不要覺得只為了提升聽力費那么大功夫不太值得，你正在打的基礎(chǔ)，對于托?？荚囈话氲姆謹?shù)都是至關(guān)重要的。

2020托福聽力練習(xí)：公路噪音掩蓋鳥類求救信號

It may not be the most melodious bit of birdsong you'll ever encounter. [Titmouse alarm call]. But this particular call, issued by a tufted titmouse, conveys important information about the presence of potential predators. But only if other birds can hear it.

Unfortunately, near a highway, traffic sounds can drown out such alarm calls. Scientists have long observed a decrease in wildlife populations in habitats adjacent to major roadways. And many figured it was the noise that drives creatures to hightail it someplace more remote. But it could be more than mere annoyance that keeps animals away. The inability to hear potentially life-saving calls could also be a factor. That's according to a study in the journal Biology Letters.

To test that theory, Aaron Grade and Kathryn Sieving at the University of Florida recorded that titmouse alarm call, produced by a captive individual that had spotted an owl. They then played this alarm call from speakers mounted in different locations in Florida state parks. Some of the spots were noisy, along Interstate 75 or U.S. Route 441. Others were more secluded and relatively quiet.

The scientists then observed the reactions of cardinals to these broadcasted declarations of danger. Because cardinals and other birds often eavesdrop on the talk of titmice for news of impending peril.

In the quiet areas, cardinals clearly responded to the titmouse alarms. They froze in place, stopped singing and scanned the area for predators. But in the noisy places, cardinals paid the warnings no heed and continued their regular activities.

It's not completely clear whether the cardinals could not hear the calls or if they were simply too distracted by the traffic to respond. Either way, looks like some birds should seek the road less traveled—or travel the regions less road-ed. Whereas hungry owls should hit the highway if they're looking to sneak up on an unexpecting snack.

(山雀的警報信號)可能不是你聽過的最悅耳的鳥鳴聲。但是這種由簇山雀發(fā)出的特殊呼叫，傳遞了重要的信息——可能存在捕食者。但前提是其他鳥類得能聽到這一警報。

不幸的是，在高速公路附近，交通聲音會淹沒這種警報信號。經(jīng)過長期觀察，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)棲息地靠近主干道的野生動物種群數(shù)量在減少。許多人認為正是這種噪音迫使動物們逃到了更偏遠的地方。但使動物遠離的可能不僅僅是打擾這一個因素。無法聽到潛在的救命信號也可能是因素之一。這一研究結(jié)果刊登在《生物學(xué)快報》雜志上。

為了驗證這一理論，佛羅里達大學(xué)的亞倫·格雷德和凱瑟琳·西溫錄下了簇山雀的警報信號，這是在它發(fā)現(xiàn)貓頭鷹的時候發(fā)出的。然后他們用設(shè)置在佛羅里達州立公園不同地方的揚聲器播放這一警報信號。75號州際公路和441號美國國道沿線的一些地點噪音很大。而其他地方則更加隱蔽且相對安靜。

然后科學(xué)家觀察了紅雀對所播放危險信號的反應(yīng)。因為紅雀和其他鳥類為了得到即將到來危險的消息，經(jīng)常偷聽山雀的對話。

重點講解：

1. drown out 蓋過，淹沒(聲音);

例句：Her voice was drowned out by a loud crash.

她的聲音被一聲響亮的撞擊聲所淹沒。

2. eavesdrop on 偷聽;竊聽;

例句：It is not polite to eavesdrop on the conversation of other people.

偷聽他人說話是很不禮貌的。

3. respond to 應(yīng)對;作出回應(yīng);作出反應(yīng);

例句：The horse responds to the slightest pull on the rein.

只要韁繩稍稍一拉，這匹馬就有反應(yīng)。

4. either way (兩種情況中)不論發(fā)生哪一種情況;

例句：Was it his fault or not? Either way, an explanation is due.

是他的錯不是?無論是不是，都得有個解釋。

5. sneak up on 偷偷地走近;偷偷地挨近;

例句：I managed to sneak up on him when you knocked on the door.

你敲門的時候，我設(shè)法悄悄靠近了他。

在安靜的地方，紅雀對山雀的警報信號做出了清晰的反應(yīng)。它們僵在原地，停止歌唱，仔細查看周圍的區(qū)域是否有捕食者出現(xiàn)。但是在吵鬧的地區(qū)，紅雀沒有理會這種警報，繼續(xù)正常活動。

目前并不完全清楚紅雀是沒有聽到警報，還是僅僅是因交通而分心所以沒有做出回應(yīng)。無論怎樣，看起來有些鳥類應(yīng)該尋找旅客少的路段或者尋找公路少的區(qū)域生存。反之，饑餓的貓頭鷹如果想偷偷靠近一個“點心”，應(yīng)該到公路附近尋找覓食機會。

2020托福聽力練習(xí)：人耳聽到的聲音優(yōu)于CD品質(zhì)

Jay Z's "Tidal" platform promises listeners CD-quality streaming music, in all its 44.1 kilohertz, 16 bit glory—much better, they say, than compressed files, like mp3s. But why stop there? Neil Young's PonoMusic Store sells music that's even better than CD quality.

In a YouTube video for the service Young compares mp3 listeners to scuba divers, muddling around the seafloor. "You know you're walking around in the murk and there's big fish down there, that's kind of like listening to an mp3."

CD listeners are underwater, too. The only way to rise to the top, he says, is to dial up sample rate to over four times that of CD: to 192 kilohertz. "When you make it to 192, you actually break through the surface, and you're breathing air. And the feeling is different, it actually is a visceral relief. You feel good."

But… how good? What researchers, record producers, audiophiles, sound engineers, want to know is: "Is CD, compact disc, enough?" Joshua Reiss (RICE), who leads audio engineering research at Queen Mary University of London. "And the arguments seem to be never-ending."

Reiss took a stab at settling the argument with a meta-analysis—a study of studies—on whether people can really perceive better-than-CD quality sound. He analyzed data from 18 studies, including more than 400 participants and nearly 13,000 listening tests. Overall, listeners picked out the better-than-CD-quality track 52.3 percent of the time. Statistically significant, if not all that impressive.

But when Reiss isolated studies that trained listeners first and gave them a chance to feast their ears on the difference, their odds of picking the higher-quality track climbed to 60 percent. Suggesting there may actually be some perceptible difference... at least enough to convince Reiss to change his listening habits. "Yes I think I actually will, based on this." The analysis is in the Journal of the Audio Engineering Society.

Not that it will settle all arguments. "No, no never. But what I think it might do is allow the researchers to move on a little bit from this question and to start looking deeper into the causes of the perception." And for the audiophiles out there? It's no doubt music to their ears.

Jay Z的“潮汐”平臺承諾為聽眾提供CD品質(zhì)的流媒體音樂，44.1千赫，16比特，他們說這比mp3等壓縮文件的品質(zhì)更高。但是為什么要停在這里?尼爾·楊的波諾音樂商店出售的音樂品質(zhì)甚至比CD品質(zhì)更高。

楊在上傳到優(yōu)兔網(wǎng)上的視頻中，將mp3聽眾比作漫游在海底的水肺潛水員?！澳阒滥阏诤诎抵新剑車写篝~游來游去，這就像在聽mp3?！?/p>

CD收聽者也在海底。他說，唯一可以升到海面的方法是把采樣率調(diào)到CD的4倍以上：調(diào)至192赫茲?！爱?dāng)你把采樣率調(diào)至192赫茲時，你就沖破了海面，可以呼吸到空氣了。這種感覺很不同，就像發(fā)自內(nèi)心的解脫。你感覺非常好。”

但是，有多好呢?研究人員、唱片制作人、音響發(fā)燒友和音響師想知道的是：CD的品質(zhì)足夠嗎?約書亞·賴斯在倫敦瑪麗女王大學(xué)主導(dǎo)了一項音頻工程研究?！盃幷撍坪跤肋h不會停止?！?/p>

賴斯試圖用整合分析來解決爭論，他對人們是否能感知到比CD品質(zhì)更好的音樂進行了研究。他分析了18項研究中得到的數(shù)據(jù)，包括400余名參與者和近1300個聽力測試。總體來說，收聽者辨別出優(yōu)于CD品質(zhì)音樂的概率為52.3%。從統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義上看，并不是全部都令人印象深刻。

但是當(dāng)賴斯把研究分離出來，先對收聽者進行培訓(xùn)，給他們的耳朵享受不同音樂的機會以后，他們辨別出高品質(zhì)音樂的機率上升到60%。這表明可能存在顯著的差別，至少可以說服賴斯去改變他的收聽習(xí)慣。“基于此，我認為我會改變我的收聽習(xí)慣?！边@一分析結(jié)果刊登在《音頻工程學(xué)會志》上。

這一研究結(jié)果并不能解決所有爭論?！坝肋h不會。但是我認為這可能會讓研究人員從這個問題轉(zhuǎn)向另一個問題，開始深入研究感知原因?！边@對音響發(fā)燒友來說意味著什么?毫無疑問，這對他們來說絕對是好消息。

重點講解：

1. break through 沖破;突破;

例句：The sun broke through after days of rain.

下了許多天的雨之后，太陽終于撥云而出。

2. take a stab at 嘗試;試圖;

例句：He took a stab at forecasting.

他嘗試進行預(yù)測。

3. pick out 辨認出;分辨出;

例句：The detective-constable picked out the words with difficulty.

探警費力地辨認出這些文字。

4. no doubt 無疑地;必定;