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托??谡Z備考沖高分這4個(gè)能力你

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詞匯是托福考試的基礎(chǔ),也是一個(gè)重要的考察點(diǎn),考生在平時(shí)除了積累詞匯,還需要對不同類型詞匯的使用方法有所了解。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈?谡Z5種錯(cuò)誤的代詞使用方法實(shí)例詳解,希望可以幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

托??谡Z5種錯(cuò)誤的代詞使用方法實(shí)例詳解

第一種錯(cuò)誤與反身代詞的使用有關(guān)

反身代詞表示“某人自己”,比如“Many children are addicted to computer games and they cannot control themselves at all.”教學(xué)中筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),學(xué)生清楚這種用法,但是不會表達(dá)“某人自己的”這個(gè)概念,總是說“Teenagers cannot control themselves behaviours”。這句話中,themselves要改為their own才能體現(xiàn)出“某人自己的”這層意思。因此,考生在口語表達(dá)時(shí)要格外留意這個(gè)點(diǎn)。

第二種錯(cuò)誤是“格”出了問題。

最常見的情況是本該用形容詞性物主代詞(比如their),結(jié)果誤用了代詞的主格或賓格(比如用成了they或者them),或者在主格和賓格之間未能區(qū)分清楚(比如分不清they和them)。一個(gè)典型的例子是“Some graduates are proud of their diplomas; however, companies regard they as nothing.”。句中regard后面應(yīng)接賓語,所以they應(yīng)該改為them才對。

第三種常見錯(cuò)誤是一個(gè)句子中代詞的頻繁轉(zhuǎn)換,即所謂pronoun shift.

典型的例子是“When one searches on the Internet, you will potentially get onto illegal websites, which will cause negative consequences to us.”在這句話中one,you和us未能保持一致,讓考官不知所云。應(yīng)該修改為“When searching on the Internet, we may potentially get onto illegal websites, which will cause negative consequences to us.”

第四種常見錯(cuò)誤是代詞在“性別”上未能與被指代對象保持一致

這在學(xué)生的口語中是常見問題。比如學(xué)生所說這句話“Studying in a co-educational school, a girl may concentrate more on popular boys, which may cause ignorance of his study.”顯然,his的出現(xiàn)與句子主語a girl是不相符合的,應(yīng)該改為her。

第五種錯(cuò)誤是代詞在“數(shù)”上未能與被指代對象保持一致。

在“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics, because she always wants to be pretty.”中,主語是girls,為復(fù)數(shù),但是原因狀語從句中的代詞卻是she。改正的方法便是將she改為they體現(xiàn)“數(shù)”的一致,同時(shí)將wants改為want,實(shí)現(xiàn)從句內(nèi)部的主謂一致。最終結(jié)果為“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics, because they always want to be pretty.”。

托??谡Z中如何利用動詞詞組

OUT: 表示向外

drop out; 跟quit同義即為退出;

托??谡Z題目:

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: A person should study in the university to be successful.

如果我們不同意的話可以加一句:There are lots of successful business men who drop out of university, like Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerburg.

sort it out/figure it out/ work it out: 都是解決問題的意思。

如果是加入something的話需放在詞組后面如:

在第五題中可以使用這句話:He has two possible solutions to sort out the scheduling problem.

OFF:表示開始或者結(jié)束:

比如表示開始的:take off; The plane is about to take off. 飛機(jī)馬上就要起飛了。

set off: I am setting off tomorrow on a business trip to America. 明天我去美國商務(wù)旅行。

kick off: The meeting kicks off at four o'clock sharp. 會議四點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)開始。

表示結(jié)束的有:

switch off:stop giving your attention to someone or something譯為停止對一件事件的關(guān)注;

托福口語題目:

Some students prefer to study for only one long time during a week. Others students prefer to study for several short times during a week. Which way do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

如果你選的是把學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間分為幾段的話就可以說這么一句話:It's nice just to switch off, forget about study once in a while and do something fun like playing some sports, go fishing or even mountain climbing.

round off: 以X.X.X 為結(jié)束;

在Describe a memorable activity with your friend. 這道題中我們以這句話結(jié)束:

We rounded off the activity with happiness.

托??谡Z中有哪些外來詞

1、Karaoke 卡拉OK

Language of Origin: Japanese

來源語:日語

About the Word:

It comes from the Japanese kara ("empty") + ōke, short for ōkesutora ("orchestra").

該詞來源語日語的kara(空的)和ōke(“樂團(tuán)”的縮寫),即“空蕩蕩的樂團(tuán)”。

Karaoke became popular in Japan among businessmen in the late 1970s, and gained widespread popularity in the U.S. in the late 1980s.

上世紀(jì)70年代后期,卡拉OK開始在日本商務(wù)人士當(dāng)中流行起來,上世紀(jì)80年代后期盛行于美國。

2、Kowtow 屈從、獻(xiàn)媚

Language of Origin: Chinese

來源語:漢語

About the Word:

It comes from the Chinese kòutóu – kòu ("to knock") plus tóu ("head") – and originally referred to kneeling and touching one's head to the ground as a salute or act of worship to a revered authority.

該詞來源語漢語里的“叩頭”一詞,即以雙膝跪地、頭觸地的形式對權(quán)重人士表示尊敬。

The noun arrived in English in the early 1800s, and within a few decades had taken on the "fawn" or "suck up" verb meaning we use today.

該詞在19世紀(jì)早期被吸納進(jìn)英語詞匯,后來幾十年間,該詞在英語中的意思逐漸固定為“巴結(jié)、獻(xiàn)媚”。

3、Ketchup 番茄醬

Language of Origin: Malay

來源語:馬來語

About the Word:

This all-American condiment started out as a spicy, fermented fish sauce in Malaysia.

如今已成為美國標(biāo)志性佐料的番茄醬最開始在馬來西亞起源時(shí)其實(shí)是一種帶辣味的發(fā)酵魚露。

That version, known as kěchap, made its way first to Europe and then to the New World, where tomatoes eventually became the defining ingredient.

那種魚露的名字叫kěchap,最先傳到歐洲,然后才到達(dá)美洲新大陸,在那里,kěchap的主料逐漸變成了番茄。

Elsewhere, ketchup retains an earlier identity. Traditional English ketchup, for example, is a pureed seasoning based on mushrooms, unripe walnuts, or oysters.

在其他國家,番茄醬仍然保留原來的配料。例如,傳統(tǒng)的英式番茄醬是由蘑菇、尚未成熟的核桃或牡蠣制成的醬料。

4、Hazard 危險(xiǎn)

Language of Origin: Arabic

來源語:阿拉伯語

About the Word:

Hazard dates to the time of the Crusaders and involves a game of chance.

Hazard一詞的來源要追溯到十字軍東征時(shí)期,與投機(jī)游戲有關(guān)。

According to the most likely theory, the original hazard ("al-zahr," in Arabic) was a die. Players would roll the dice and bet on the outcome.

可能性最高的一種說法是,hazard最開始其實(shí)就是個(gè)骰子。玩家通過擲骰子、猜點(diǎn)數(shù)來賭輸贏。

English got the word from French. In English, hazard eventually came to name any chance, risk, or source of danger.

英語中的hazard一詞來源于法語,指機(jī)遇、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或危險(xiǎn)的源頭。

提高托福口語需要注意的四點(diǎn)

第一,簡單句和復(fù)合句的配合

在托福口語表達(dá)中,不講究太多的語法內(nèi)容,主要是簡潔明了的表達(dá)清楚自己的觀念和內(nèi)容。換而言之,也就是在口語表達(dá)中,只要保證自己語法的正確,盡量學(xué)會短句多、長句少這樣的配合方式即可。同時(shí)建議大家如果能添加一些俚語的使用就更加完美。

第二、經(jīng)典五要素的使用

在口語表達(dá)內(nèi)容中,西方人不是過于講究文字的修飾,而更加講求真實(shí)。所以,對于誰,在什么時(shí)間什么地點(diǎn)做了什么事情,理由是什么?在內(nèi)容中有嚴(yán)格的要求,也就是WHO WHAT WHY WHERE HOW這五大要素。只有在文章?lián)碛辛诉@五大要素才能擁有一段邏輯嚴(yán)密的口語內(nèi)容。

第三、精準(zhǔn)詞匯的控制

在托??谡Z中,究竟需要擁有多少詞匯才能開始精彩的文章表述?其實(shí),對于這一詞匯量沒有具體的數(shù)量,一般來說2500左右。但是,需要我們了解的就是,如果在口語表述中能成功使用一些動詞、連詞、俚語等等,則能更加突出口語的精彩的口語表達(dá)感覺。

第四、口語的不斷練習(xí)

想要擁有對于托??谡Z思路透徹的理解,那么真題練習(xí)時(shí)必不可少的。所以大家在練習(xí)的過程中將方法和要素融入真題中,從中不斷領(lǐng)悟口語出題的規(guī)律。







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