備考托福聽力時，許多同學(xué)苦于學(xué)習(xí)效率低下無不知道如何提升,今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈Ｂ犃μ岣咦鲱}效率必備3個訓(xùn)練步驟講解，希望能夠給幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福聽力提高做題效率必備3個訓(xùn)練步驟講解

托福聽力高效備考步驟：詞匯累積

想要提高自己聽力的反應(yīng)速度，詞匯的積累是很重要的一步。一些重要的場景詞匯往往也是最為重要的，直接理解場景詞對于你快速理解聽力內(nèi)容有很多幫助。同時，在聽力過程中習(xí)語、俚語的積累，我們在平時也應(yīng)該時刻關(guān)注到，這都會為大家之后的解題提供參考。

托福聽力高效備考步驟：鞏固基礎(chǔ)

當(dāng)然，在所有托?？荚嚨耐瑢W(xué)里，每個人的起點和英語能力都是不一樣的。所以，對于聽力練習(xí)來說，也許很多同學(xué)很快能夠上手，同時進步很快;而有些同學(xué)卻會感到非常吃力，且覺得并沒有什么太大的幫助。所以，當(dāng)你覺得聽寫對于自己沒有太大作用的時候，并不能放棄，需要的就是堅持。與此同時，我們也可以回頭在去回顧一下自己的詞匯和語法基礎(chǔ)知識，如果在這些基礎(chǔ)環(huán)節(jié)上加以鞏固，也會讓自己的聽力水平能更加順利的提升加強。

托福聽力高效備考步驟：錯題回顧

另外，考生想要提升托福聽力能力，就需要一定的題目練習(xí)，但是，這也并不同于“題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)”， 對于做完的練習(xí)也不能就是對個答案就是草草了事。小編認(rèn)為，對于做過的每道題目，聽過的每篇文章，讀懂讀透才是關(guān)鍵。而我們在練習(xí)聽力的過程中則更是如此，相信很少有同學(xué)能夠在聽寫一篇文章的時候，順利的記錄下每一個單詞。所以，在每一次的聽力練習(xí)之后，大家一定要重聽一遍自己的聽力練習(xí)材料，找到聽不出的詞語或是生詞，從而獲得進一步的提升。

托福聽力，這些詞已經(jīng)告訴你出題點啦!

1、聽力的每篇第一題，一定是主旨題

無論對話還是講座，第一題永遠(yuǎn)會考目的和主題。對話中常規(guī)考的是目的，講座絕大多數(shù)考主題。

所以，在聽對話的時候，任何一個說話者提到的“I need to …/I’m wondering…/I want to…/I’d like to …”，大家一定要記錄下來這些信號詞后面的內(nèi)容，這就是目的題的答案。

講座的主題大多數(shù)會有一個較為明顯的主旨句，當(dāng)大家聽到“Now I’m going to talk about/will discuss/ today we will talk about/But today I’d like to introduce…” 等這樣的信號句，后面跟的學(xué)術(shù)概念就是主旨的答案。

偶有例外的是，音頻中并沒有出現(xiàn)任何一句上述的信號句，那么同學(xué)們在判斷選項的時候，就需要用排除法，選擇一個范圍較大的，內(nèi)容較為籠統(tǒng)的，能否代表音頻的大部分內(nèi)容，用排除法相對比較安全。

【舉個例子】

TPO 8 C1 中，學(xué)生在一開始提到I’d like to drop off my graduation form, 那么這就是這篇對話的目的，PURPOSE.

TPO 17 L4 中，教授一開始就提到Now I want to talk about an animal that has an fascinating defense mechanisms, 就是這篇講座的主題了。

2、ETS經(jīng)常會采用的對比，轉(zhuǎn)折

出現(xiàn)兩者做對比的，前后邏輯有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的，都是潛在的考點。

下面的信號詞：

做對比的，compared to, by contrast, on contrary, contradictory, on the other hand;

表轉(zhuǎn)折的：however, but

這點也是基本上每一篇都會出題的地方，這些信號詞后面跟著的內(nèi)容，就是題目的答案。

【舉個例子】

TPO5 L4中: On the other hand, descriptions of characters and settings can be developed more completely.

TPO17 L4中: The octopus can release a cloud of ink if it feels threatened. But it doesn’t hide behind it, as is generally believed. Um, the ink cloud is ... it serves to distract a predator while the octopus makes its escape.

TPO 5 L1中: An organism often cannot survive with a mutated gene. And so a gene usually cannot be passed on, unless it’s an exact copy. For memes however, fidelity is not always so important.

3、否定

在對話或者講座中，說話者表達(dá)否定的：have no…, without，can’t be ;以及講座中提及某個學(xué)術(shù)知識時，出現(xiàn)的否性形容詞，比如：unusual, irrelevant，impossible。

【舉個例子】

TPO9 L3: First the rains that fell there were torrential. So it would've been impossible for all the water to soak into the ground.

TPO1 L3: And it maybe this burial custom that explains why the houses were packed in so tightly without streets.

4、表達(dá)觀點和態(tài)度

對話中一般出現(xiàn)，說話者的態(tài)度;講座中會出現(xiàn)教授對于某個理論的觀點，或者陳述某一個，幾個科學(xué)家的觀點。

以下是考點信號詞：think, feel, believe, criticize, guess, assume/assumption, speculate/speculation, evidence, convincing

觀點的表達(dá)分為三類，肯定，否定，不確定。

【舉個例子】

TPO11 L1：And in a broken wing display the bird spreads and drags the wings or its tail, and while it does that, it slowly moves away from the nests so it really looks like a bird with a broken wing. And these broken wing displays can be pretty convincing. 教授認(rèn)為這些broken wing display說服理非常強，表示肯定的態(tài)度

TPO3 C2：

Student：Sounds like it could be a lot of work. Is there … is there any way I can use the experience to get some extra credit in class? I mean, can I write a paper about it?

Professor：I think it’ll depend on what type of work you do in the excavation.

上述例子中，教授就給出了不確定的答案，沒有肯定或者否定學(xué)生的問題。

5、舉例

例子的內(nèi)容占時篇幅可能會比較長，但大多數(shù)情況下，都不會考例子中具體的信息，而會考這個例子是為了說明某個論點，而論點一般出現(xiàn)在例子之前。

那么同學(xué)們在聽的時候，可以省略掉例子中的細(xì)節(jié)，而注重例子所證明的點做記錄。

【舉個例子】

TPO2 L1： It’s called ideomotor action. Ideomotor action is an activity that occurs without our noticing it, without our being aware of it. I’ll give you one simple example.If you think of locations, there tends to be eye movement that occurs with… 這個例子就是為了說明ideomotor action。

6、 其他信號詞

interesting, problem是兩個最為典型，出題幾率極高的。即使這兩個詞后面的內(nèi)容，沒有被直接提問，也極大可能會出現(xiàn)某個題目得選項中，記錄號信息也能幫同學(xué)們提高題目正確率。

音頻有interesting的時候，幾乎可以100%確定之后的內(nèi)容會出題。

【舉個例子】

TPO18 L1中：In 1843, astronomer named Heinrich Schwabe made an interesting claim, Schwabe had been watching the Sun every day that it was visible for 17 years, looking for evidence of a new planet. 緊接著后面提到了CLAIM內(nèi)容，被出成考題。

Problem出題的幾率也是非常高的。

The problem is /but there is a problem……

【舉個例子】

TPO 15 L1中：And that's part of the problem with the CFQ. It doesn ’ t take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness.

大家在聽得時候，一定要去把CFQ的缺點記下來，出細(xì)節(jié)題的可能比較大。

7、結(jié)尾的結(jié)論

托福的對話中，一般在結(jié)尾的時候同學(xué)們要有意識去思考，說話人來的目的是否被滿足，問題有時候被解決，很有可能會出成推論題。

講座中，在結(jié)尾的時候一般會給主題下一個結(jié)論, 同學(xué)們在聽的時候要記得關(guān)聯(lián)對應(yīng)的主題，看是不是有確定的結(jié)論，還是依然需要更多的資料，未來才能解決。

【舉個例子】

TPO2 L1中，文章結(jié)尾提到: Is there anything else that might account for this change in muscular activity, other than saying that it is thinking? And the answer is clearly yes. Is there any way to answer the question definitively? I think the answer is no.

證明這個問題目前為止，不能得到積極肯定的結(jié)果。

TPO 3 L3中，文章結(jié)尾提到: So, why these precise animals? Why not birds, fish, snakes? Was it for their religion, magic or sheer beauty? We don’t know. But whatever it was, it was worth it to them to spend hours deep inside a cave with just a torch between them and utter darkness.

同樣，結(jié)尾的結(jié)論依然是未知的。

托福聽力中多選題的考點解析

考點1 并列結(jié)構(gòu)

在文章當(dāng)中聽到Also, and，plus等這些并列連接詞，或者總分結(jié)構(gòu)中的并列，比如 There are a couple of factors/elements/ways, 后面教授會羅列并列的要點，考生需要迅速將前后的并列的要點通過筆記的形式記錄，例題如下：

例題1：TPO7L4 Q4:What factors are involved in the amount of deformation a glacier undergoes? Click on 2 answers

A.The thickness of glacial ice

B.The hardness of glacial ice

C.The amount of water beneath the glacial ice

D.The temperature of the glacial ice

相應(yīng)原文：Now, there are a couple of factors that affect the amount of deformation that takes place or the speed of the glacier’s movement for example. Deformation is more likely to occur the thicker the ice is, because of the gravity of the weight of the ice. And temperature also plays a part here, in that cold ice does not move as easily as ice that is close to the melting point.

解析：在這道題目當(dāng)中，教授先用a couple of factors這樣的總分結(jié)構(gòu)引入下面的分論點，然后說了2個影響冰川變形量的因素，以并列連接詞Also連接，第一個是the thicker the ice is, 第二個是temperature,所以答案應(yīng)該是AD

例題2：TPO31C2 Q3:What two requirements did the student have to meet in order to get the internship? Click on 2 answers

A.he had to have volunteered previously at the aquarium

B.he had to be certified in scuba diving

C.he had to be a senior oceanography student

D.he had to have experience collection oceanographic data

相應(yīng)原文：Well, the internship requires me to have scuba diving certification and to be a senior oceanography student.

解析：學(xué)生描述的實習(xí)的條件是需要scuba diving的證書，以及必須要是大四的海洋學(xué)學(xué)生。所以答案是BD

例題3：TPO15L1 Q2:According to the professor, what are two weaknesses of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire? Click on 2 answers.

A.It relies on subjective reporting.

B.It assesses a limited number of situations.

C.It does not assess visual distractions

D.It does not account for factors other than distract ability.

相應(yīng)原文：And that's part of the problem with the CFQ. It doesn't take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness. Plus you really can't say you are getting objective scientific results from a subjective questionnaire where people report on themselves.

解析：這道題目當(dāng)中，教授用Plus并列了2個CFQ的缺點：1 它并沒有把其他的因素考慮進去，比如遺忘 2 不能從主觀的問卷調(diào)查中得到客觀的科學(xué)結(jié)論。所以答案是AD

考點2 離散結(jié)構(gòu)

這一類型的多選細(xì)節(jié)題不常見，主要的難點是并不能從一句話或者一個段落里的并列結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，需要總結(jié)一下原文所涉及到的相應(yīng)內(nèi)容，才能夠準(zhǔn)確精準(zhǔn)的選對答案。

例題：TPO10C2 Q3: What is the store's policy about giving refunds on books?Click on 2 answers

A.Books that are not for a specific course will receive a store credit instead of a refund

B.Course textbooks can be returned for a full refund early in the school semester

C.All books must be returned within two weeks to be eligible for a full refund

D.Only books that are in new condition will get a full refund

相應(yīng)原文：

B:Well, for a full refund: store policy is that you have to return merchandise 2 weeks from the time it was purchased. Uh... but for assigned textbooks or anything having to do with specific courses. Wait... was it for a specific course?

Student

Yeah, but actually…

Employee

Well... for course books, the deadline is 4 weeks after the beginning of the semester.

D:Exactly!!! The book has to been in perfect condition of course. They can’t be marked up or looked use in any way for the full refund, I mean.

解析：這道題目當(dāng)中對于退書的政策是在兩個不同的對話回合里體現(xiàn)的，1個是課本可以4周退，非課本是2周，對應(yīng)B選項。另外一個是書必須要全新的狀態(tài)才能夠得到全額退款，對應(yīng)D選項。

所以在聽的過程中還是需要有考點的意識，迅速識別考點并且預(yù)測多選并列的可能性，才能夯實基礎(chǔ)，并且在考試中把握主動。

托福聽力：多選題的考點解析

考點1 并列結(jié)構(gòu)

在文章當(dāng)中聽到Also, and，plus等這些并列連接詞，或者總分結(jié)構(gòu)中的并列，比如 There are a couple of factors/elements/ways, 后面教授會羅列并列的要點，考生需要迅速將前后的并列的要點通過筆記的形式記錄，例題如下：

例題1：TPO7L4 Q4:What factors are involved in the amount of deformation a glacier undergoes? Click on 2 answers

A.The thickness of glacial ice

B.The hardness of glacial ice

C.The amount of water beneath the glacial ice

D.The temperature of the glacial ice

相應(yīng)原文：Now, there are a couple of factors that affect the amount of deformation that takes place or the speed of the glacier’s movement for example. Deformation is more likely to occur the thicker the ice is, because of the gravity of the weight of the ice. And temperature also plays a part here, in that cold ice does not move as easily as ice that is close to the melting point.

解析：在這道題目當(dāng)中，教授先用a couple of factors這樣的總分結(jié)構(gòu)引入下面的分論點，然后說了2個影響冰川變形量的因素，以并列連接詞Also連接，第一個是the thicker the ice is, 第二個是temperature,所以答案應(yīng)該是AD

例題2：TPO31C2 Q3:What two requirements did the student have to meet in order to get the internship? Click on 2 answers

A.he had to have volunteered previously at the aquarium

B.he had to be certified in scuba diving

C.he had to be a senior oceanography student

D.he had to have experience collection oceanographic data

相應(yīng)原文：Well, the internship requires me to have scuba diving certification and to be a senior oceanography student.

解析：學(xué)生描述的實習(xí)的條件是需要scuba diving的證書，以及必須要是大四的海洋學(xué)學(xué)生。所以答案是BD

例題3：TPO15L1 Q2:According to the professor, what are two weaknesses of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire? Click on 2 answers.

A.It relies on subjective reporting.

B.It assesses a limited number of situations.

C.It does not assess visual distractions

D.It does not account for factors other than distract ability.

相應(yīng)原文：And that's part of the problem with the CFQ. It doesn't take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness. Plus you really can't say you are getting objective scientific results from a subjective questionnaire where people report on themselves.

解析：這道題目當(dāng)中，教授用Plus并列了2個CFQ的缺點：1 它并沒有把其他的因素考慮進去，比如遺忘 2 不能從主觀的問卷調(diào)查中得到客觀的科學(xué)結(jié)論。所以答案是AD

考點2 離散結(jié)構(gòu)

這一類型的多選細(xì)節(jié)題不常見，主要的難點是并不能從一句話或者一個段落里的并列結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，需要總結(jié)一下原文所涉及到的相應(yīng)內(nèi)容，才能夠準(zhǔn)確精準(zhǔn)的選對答案。

例題：TPO10C2 Q3: What is the store's policy about giving refunds on books?Click on 2 answers

A.Books that are not for a specific course will receive a store credit instead of a refund

B.Course textbooks can be returned for a full refund early in the school semester

C.All books must be returned within two weeks to be eligible for a full refund

D.Only books that are in new condition will get a full refund

相應(yīng)原文：

B:Well, for a full refund: store policy is that you have to return merchandise 2 weeks from the time it was purchased. Uh... but for assigned textbooks or anything having to do with specific courses. Wait... was it for a specific course?

Student

Yeah, but actually…

Employee

Well... for course books, the deadline is 4 weeks after the beginning of the semester.

D:Exactly!!! The book has to been in perfect condition of course. They can’t be marked up or looked use in any way for the full refund, I mean.

解析：這道題目當(dāng)中對于退書的政策是在兩個不同的對話回合里體現(xiàn)的，1個是課本可以4周退，非課本是2周，對應(yīng)B選項。另外一個是書必須要全新的狀態(tài)才能夠得到全額退款，對應(yīng)D選項。

所以在聽的過程中還是需要有考點的意識，迅速識別考點并且預(yù)測多選并列的可能性，才能夯實基礎(chǔ)，并且在考試中把握主動。