托?？谡Z備考提升水平思路拓展 用脫口秀節(jié)目練口語具體方法在這里,今天小編就給大家?guī)砹送懈？谡Z備考提升水平思路拓展 ，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
托?？谡Z備考提升水平思路拓展 用脫口秀節(jié)目練口語具體方法在這里
預(yù)測脫口秀的話題(Predict the conversation topics)
如果你知道誰會出現(xiàn)在這一期的脫口秀以及為什么這一期邀請他(她)作為嘉賓，那么這時你就可以預(yù)測主持人和嘉賓交談的話題了。上網(wǎng)搜素最近的新聞或是明星的花邊新聞，能幫助你猜測可能的話題。
這可以助力你的聽力，你可以更好地理解他們的談話。當(dāng)你在觀看的時候，你可以注意比較實(shí)際的談話內(nèi)容和你預(yù)測的話題是否一致，你猜對了嗎?他們實(shí)際上聊了什么呢?
暫停并嘗試回答開放性問題(Pause and answer open questions)
因?yàn)槊摽谛闶窃L談性質(zhì)的，所以你在觀看的時候需要注意主持人的交談方式，學(xué)習(xí)他(她)是怎么樣與人進(jìn)行交談的。在不同話題之間的自然過渡或是怎樣回答一個開放性問題都是學(xué)習(xí)者們需要掌握的技能。為了更好地練習(xí)，我們可以在主持人提問完后按暫停鍵，然后基于你之前的搜素嘗試著回答這些問題。
列下對話的提綱并重現(xiàn)對話(Outline the conversations and reenact)
在你觀看的時候，你可以記下筆記、羅列出提綱。過后，你可以嘗試根據(jù)你的筆記，選一個話題來進(jìn)行對話。沒有必要逐字記下，只需根據(jù)你的筆記來創(chuàng)建新的對話內(nèi)容。你可以與你的朋友們一起觀看，并嘗試著就同一個話題進(jìn)行對話，或者也可以記下筆記之后再利用筆記進(jìn)行談話。這是練習(xí)口語以及在采訪時掌握話語權(quán)主導(dǎo)的好方法。
注意字幕(Watch with subtitles)
當(dāng)你在觀看脫口秀的時候，你可以打開字幕，注意她們說話的內(nèi)容并嘗試跟著說。如果你是在網(wǎng)上看的，當(dāng)你遇到不理解的地方時你也可以暫停去查找這個詞匯的意思。你也可以把你不認(rèn)識的新詞拍下來，這樣你過后就可以通過圖像記憶法來回憶這個單詞?？吹綄υ挼恼Z境和情景可以更好地幫助你記住新的單詞。
托福(TOEFL)考試口語做筆記技巧
眾所周知，為了模擬北美大學(xué)課堂的學(xué)術(shù)氣氛和學(xué)生在校園生活的方方面面，新托?？荚嚨目谡Z部分首次允許考生做課堂筆記(筆記考完要上交，但筆記不算分)、并要求考生能夠發(fā)表自己的意見和看法，而且必須具備對教授推薦的參考書寫出讀書報告、闡明自己觀點(diǎn)的能力以及其他處理校園生活中可能遇到的各種情況的能力。本文擬對新托福口語考試(包括獨(dú)立口語任務(wù)和綜合口語任務(wù))中如何做筆記的問題做深人地分析和探討。
Note-taking in the Independent Task
該部分要求考生就某一自己熟悉的話題闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)。一類問題是自由回答間題(Free-choice Response)，如：If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Use details to support your. response;另一類是選擇類問題(Paired-choice Response)，如：Do you like to try new kinds of food or eat the same kind of food all the time? Use details and examples to support your response,準(zhǔn)備時間為15秒，回答問題時間為45秒。問題會被朗讀出來，且同時出現(xiàn)在屏幕上?？忌梢圆挥美頃娔X的朗讀，迅速閱讀完問題。這樣可以爭取大概5秒，那么在這大約20秒內(nèi)，考生可在草稿紙上迅速記下自己所要表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵信息。這里記筆記的方法為“TST表格”。TST ( Topic-Supporting ideas--Transitions)意思是考生須在草稿紙上用一到兩個詞寫下欲表達(dá)的Topic(主題)，Supporting ideas(分論點(diǎn))和Transitions(信號詞)。下面試舉一例：
Question:
Where would you want to be professionally in ten years? Use details to support your response.
考生應(yīng)迅速在紙上寫下“own bus...”、“master”、“work com...”、“start”等信息見以下TST( Topic―Supporting ideas―Transitions )表格。
Topic statement: own bus... (I would like to own my own business) Supporting ideas: ( How I will work toward owning my business)
.master (Will get master's in business )
.work com... (Will work in company while planning my business)
.start (Will start my own business when I am ready)
Transitions: 10 next because 3 within 10 y (可用y代替 years)
Sample Answer
In ten years I would like to win an import business of my own. Next year, I will be starting a master's program in business with a specialization in entrepreneurship. I will be getting this degree because I hope to start my own business and make it successful some day. After I finish my master's degree three years from now, I will most likely take a position in another company for a few years to make some money and to spend some time planning my own business. Within ten years, I hope to own my own company and be on the way to making it a success.
再舉一例：
Question:
Sometimes students have to write papers. Sometimes they have to give oral presentations. Which activity do you think is better for students, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.
考生應(yīng)迅速在紙上寫下“pap”、“strong read write exams”、“more time think deeply”等信息。見以下TST( Topic―Supporting ideas―Transitions )表格：:
Topic: pap (writing papers is better for students) Supporting ideas: (Why writing papers is better)
.strong read write exams (need strong writing skills for reading and writing and prepare for exams)
.more time think deeply (show understanding for more time to explain and think deeply)
Transitions: firstly because, so also
Sample Answer
I think writing papers is better for students. Firstly we need to develop strong writing skills. We go to school mainly to learn reading and writing, so we need a lot of practice. Examinations require a lot of writing, so writing papers is good reparation. Also, I think writing is a better way to show that I understand. When I write a paper, I can think deeply because I have more time to explain my ideas.
托?？荚囍薪?jīng)常用到的諺語習(xí)語歸納
1. A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 海內(nèi)存知己，天涯若比鄰。
2. A common danger causes common action. 同舟共濟(jì)。
3. A contented mind is a continual / perpetual feast. 知足常樂。
4. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一塹，長一智。
5. A guest should suit the convenience of the host. 客隨主便。
6. A letter from home is a priceless treasure. 家書抵萬金。
7. All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同歸。
8. All time is no time when it is past. 機(jī)不可失，時不再來。
9. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一個蘋果，身體健康不求醫(yī)。
10. As heroes think, so thought Bruce. 英雄所見略同。
11. A young idler, an old beggar. 少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。
12. Behind the mountains there are people to be found. 天外有天，山外有山。
13. Bad luck often brings good luck. 塞翁失馬，安知非福。
14. Bread is the stall of life. 面包是生命的支柱。(民以食為天。)
15. Business is business. 公事公辦。
16. Clumsy birds have to start flying early. 笨鳥先飛。
17. Courtesy costs nothing. 禮多人不怪。
18. Custom makes all things easy. 習(xí)慣成自然。
19. Desire has no rest. 人的欲望無止境。
20. Difficult the first time, easy the second. 一回生，二回熟。
21. Do not change horses in mid-stream. 別在河流中間換馬。
22. Do not have too many irons in the fire. 貪多嚼不爛。
23. Do not pull all your eggs in one basket. 別把所有的蛋都放在一個籃子里。(不要孤注一擲。)
24. Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班門弄斧。
25. East or west, home is the best. 東奔西跑，還是家里好。
26. Experience is the best teacher. 實(shí)踐出真知。
27. Fact is stranger than fiction. 事實(shí)比虛構(gòu)更離奇。(大千世界，無奇不有。)
28. Faith can move mountains. 信念能移山。(精誠所至，金石為開。)
29. First impressions are half the battle. 先入為主。
30. Give as good as one gets. 一報還一報。(以德報德，以怨還怨。)
31. Give everyone his due. 一視同仁。
32. Good wine needs no bush. 酒香不怕巷子深。
33. Haste makes waste. 欲速則不達(dá)。(忙中常出錯。)
34. He that promises too much means nothing. 輕諾者寡信。
35. He who has an art has everywhere a part. 一招鮮，吃遍天。
36. He would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom. 千里之行始于足下。
37. Home is where the heart is. 心在哪里，哪里就是家。
38. If you are not inside a house, you don not know about its leaking. 不在屋里，不知漏雨。(親身經(jīng)歷才有體會。)
39. In peace prepare for war. 平時準(zhǔn)備戰(zhàn)時。(居安思危。)
40. It is never too late to mend. 亡羊補(bǔ)牢，猶未為晚。
《托?！房谡Z考試?？碱}目歸納
第一類托?？谡Ztask 1考題：
Describe the famous person you admire most. Explain why you admire this person. Include details and examples to support your response. (TOFEL ibt 08.06.22) 這是一個people類的考題，我們拿到一個題目后，腦海中應(yīng)該立刻浮現(xiàn)出最基本的答題框架： topic sentence + supporting ideas. Topic sentence是比較容易想的，甚至是可以虛構(gòu)的，所以問題就落在supporting ideas的思路上。描述一個人，最容易的角度便是這個人內(nèi)在的qualities. 如：humorous, open-minded, easy-going, warm-hearted, community-minded, high driven, visionary, knowledgeable… 有了這些點(diǎn)之后，我們要想辦法把點(diǎn)變成線，也就是把一個觀點(diǎn)擴(kuò)充成一到兩個句子。我們可以用描述的方法去講這個觀點(diǎn)同意轉(zhuǎn)換，如‘he’s a very open-minded person and he’s always flexible to changes. 同時我們還可以用舉例的方法來進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，如 ‘He’s a high-driven guy and he worked so hard on his Toefl test, study almost 24/7.’
第二類托?？谡Ztask 1考題：
Choose an object you like and explain why it is of special value to you. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation. (TOFEL ibt 08.02.24)，這道題屬于物品題，物品的題目也是一個?？键c(diǎn)，但是準(zhǔn)備的面比較廣，可能會出成：a type of pet (Longman p.52)，a kind of game (Longman p.72)，your important gift (Longman p.64)，咱們可以從兩個角度去答題：對物品本身的簡單描述 + 物品的來源或是重要意義，如描述寵物可以說: ‘ coz he keeps me company, when I was sad, he was always by my side.’ 又如描述禮物可以說: ‘ The psp was a gift from my Grandpa, it was a credit to my hard work on the SAT test.’
第三類托福口語task 1考題：
If you could live abroad, where would you go? Explain why you would go there. (Longman p.42)。 地方題目也是?？碱}型，變換方式相對較少，比如有：the city you live (Longman p.31)，a city you have always wanted to go (TOFEL ibt 08.02.02)，your favorite place when you were a child (TOFEL ibt 08.03.08)等等。地點(diǎn)題的答題思路為：景色，飲食，高雅休閑場所，教育，就業(yè)機(jī)會。如果說美國，景色可以描述national park, the beauty of nature well preserved, 飲食可以說dessert, I’ve got a sweet tooth, 如說高雅休閑場所，可以說Broadway, or NBA games，教育可以談美國的大學(xué)，就業(yè)機(jī)會可以談美國的500 fortunes. 再比如如果講蘇州，景色可以說gardens，well preserved ancient building, 就業(yè)機(jī)會可以講講蘇州工業(yè)園，SIP，provides a lot of job and internship opportunities for graduates…
第四類托福口語task 1考題：
來看一個例題：What is the most memorable event you experienced in your life? Explain why it is memorable. (Longman p.50)，類似的事件題的關(guān)鍵形容詞可以換為：embarrassing (Longman p.70)， challenging (TOFEL ibt 07.03.03)，disappointing (TOFEL ibt 08.03.30)，hard (TOFEL ibt 08.06.17)等等。較難的題可以出成：Describe a time when you needed help from others, how he or she helped you and what was the result? Please include details and examples to support your answer. (TOFEL ibt 07.04.29)，這類題目跟個人親身經(jīng)歷有關(guān)，考場上容易一時沒有思路，也很難去杜撰，所以應(yīng)在考前多去回憶童年往事，同時嘗試著用英文表達(dá)出來，假如實(shí)在無法勾起美好的回憶，那就去杜撰吧, 注意是考前練習(xí)時杜撰，千萬別到了考場上再去杜撰。
以上四類是托?？谡Ztask 1考察頻率最高的四大類，還有一些話題是托福口語task 1會涉及到的，如工作職業(yè)類(這類主要是關(guān)于人生的目標(biāo)，職業(yè)的選擇，工作的興趣等等)，學(xué)校教育類，new skill you would like to learn (TOFEL ibt 08.01.19)，文化娛樂類，這類題目涉及到文化、藝術(shù)、娛樂等生活中常見的題材。比如：a book that you want to read again (Longman p.58)，an important composition, example: essay, poem, letter (TOFEL ibt 08.05.17)，a TV program that you really like to watch (Longman p.54)，a type of music you like most (Longman p.56)等等，需要考生在考前花大量的時間去整理思路，只有做到有備無患，在能在考場上胸有成竹，口若懸河。
《托?！房荚嚳谡Z復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)
新托福的口語考試部分的第三題和第四題要求考生首先在45秒鐘內(nèi)讀完100字左右長度的單一段落，今天我們討論一下如何掌握新托?？谡Z考試中的閱讀節(jié)奏。
我們有時會擔(dān)心，閱讀速度的加快會影響閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確率，其實(shí)這是一種誤解。當(dāng)然，盲目追求閱讀速度必然要影響閱讀理解的質(zhì)量。我們應(yīng)該做的是掌握正確的閱讀節(jié)奏：“根據(jù)快和慢兩種速度交替而成的節(jié)奏來變化自己的閱讀速度?！? 唱歌因韻律節(jié)奏而動聽，說話因輕重緩急而悅耳，閱讀也是一樣，快慢相間的閱讀速度才能收到良好的閱讀效果。
我們知道，句子是由詞組成的，但同一句中的各個詞的分量不盡相同，有的起著關(guān)鍵的作用;段落是由句子構(gòu)成的，然而同一段落中的各個句子的分量也是不盡相同的，有的是關(guān)鍵句、核心句，有的則起著輔助說明的作用，為闡述中心思想而服務(wù)。這些關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句表達(dá)的正是段落的重要信息，抓住了它們就等于抓住了段落的核心，就知道了什么地方應(yīng)該加快速度，什么地方應(yīng)該放慢速度，當(dāng)然也就掌握了閱讀節(jié)奏。
一般而言，對于關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵句應(yīng)該慢讀，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而對非關(guān)鍵詞和非關(guān)鍵句應(yīng)加快閱讀速度，搶出時間，用以反復(fù)閱讀重點(diǎn)句或歸納總結(jié)。請看下面的示例：
例1：閱讀下面的段落：
A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.
閱讀此句，我們不難找到一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, significant。這些關(guān)鍵詞反映了此句的主要信息：“許多人認(rèn)為文化人類學(xué)就是研究特殊而奇怪的社會現(xiàn)象，但人類學(xué)家有時還對一些人們認(rèn)為不重要的、看起來很普通的生活現(xiàn)象感興趣?！蓖ㄟ^分析關(guān)鍵詞，我們又發(fā)現(xiàn)“but”這個具有轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連接詞向我們顯示了此句的后半句才是整個句子的核心部分，它提示我們閱讀時應(yīng)更加留心閱讀后半句的關(guān)鍵詞，提煉關(guān)鍵信息。因此，我們可以很肯定地確認(rèn)此句最重要的意義應(yīng)該是： “Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people don’t think they are significant.” 并且也可以很肯定地預(yù)測，如有下文，也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息繼續(xù)論述，而不是前半句的。這樣，在閱讀時，我們就會把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的關(guān)鍵詞上，而對那些附加修飾、說明的部分，如：修飾people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速閱讀，甚至略去不讀，因?yàn)樗挥绊懳覀儗χ行囊馑嫉睦斫馀c把握。
例2：閱讀下面的段落：
Smell and Memory
Scientists are producing an increasing number of findings on the links between smell and memory. The most prominent scientist in this field is Dr. Alan Hirsch, a US neurologist who specializes in the treatment of patients who have lost their sense of smell or taste. He believes that the memories that certain smells bring back to people are not actually as important as the emotions that are associated with the smells. He also argues that our minds filter these emotions in a positive way, making past times seem better than they perhaps were.
我們注意到這個段落的題目是“Smell and Memory”，我們還知道題目是中心思想的反映。據(jù)此，我們可以得知本段主要論述的應(yīng)是 smell and memory之間的聯(lián)系，由此找到了關(guān)鍵詞語“the links between smell and memory”(在段首)，而能說明它們之間關(guān)系的句子又是最后一句。所以，這個段落的核心信息是： “Some smells remind us of a previous thing in a way that is better than the real experience.” 由此判定，本段的首尾都需細(xì)心地、稍慢地閱讀，而對“最著名的;專門治療何種病人的”這樣相對次要的句子就可以加快閱讀速度
