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托福綜合寫作0到5分評分標準中文詳解

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托福寫作中獨立寫作大家比較關注,因為對考生的寫作能力有較高要求。而綜合寫作很多同學則認為不需要太注意寫作技巧,聽懂看懂并記住相關素材才是主要任務。下面小編就和大家分享托福綜合寫作經(jīng)典模板分享,來欣賞一下吧。

托福綜合寫作經(jīng)典模板分享

開頭段

The lecture apparently disproves what is argued in the reading material. According to the passage … However the professor asserts that a closer scrutiny of this argument would reveal how flimsy it is. He then presents several evidences to demonstrate his statement.

內(nèi)容第一段

To start with, the professor claims that the reading passage fails to take into account that…

Therefore, the assertion of the author seems too absolute since other possibilities could not be eliminated by any current evidence.

內(nèi)容第二段

Furthermore, the passage assumes that…. The professor, however, suggests that this assumption may not be merited by the evidence. Say, ….. The contradiction is obvious here when … . On the basis of this point the lecture explicitly refutes the passage.

內(nèi)容第三段

Last but not the least, the passage may be right about …., but one critical fact is being left out of consideration. Pointed out by the professor, the author totally neglects the truth that… On account of above-mentioned grave mistakes, the author’s assertion turned out to be a preposterous idea.

結(jié)尾段

In conclusion, based on the arguments offered above, the professor clearly identifies the defects in the reading passage and forcefully shows that…

其它說明細節(jié)

文中至少有一個舉例形式,如果實在用不到上面句型,可以用轉(zhuǎn)述湊字數(shù):In other words, that is to say, …

其他有用句型

The reading assumes that…, a situation that seems to be at odds with … 與…是矛盾的

托福寫作:怎么做到善用例子

如動物→鳥類,現(xiàn)代交通方式→飛機,上面的舉例是簡單的形式,即對單個詞/短語,或說單個對象舉例。我們在獨立寫作中會遇到對單個對象的舉例,這也是大家都能做好的;但我們更常遇到的是需要對一個句子,或說多個對象互相聯(lián)系而串成的觀點舉例的情況,這時我們就需要留意我們所舉的例子的有效性了。

托福寫作舉例的基本原則:

a. 細節(jié)性原則----細于被舉例者。

b. 一致性原則----良好體現(xiàn)與要用舉例證明的觀點的一致對應關系,觀點中的重點信息應在例子中不多不少地體現(xiàn)。

新托福寫作真經(jīng)介紹的舉例的具體操作方法:

粗舉,細舉,引調(diào)查,列數(shù)字。

(1)粗例----粗獷的例子

“粗例”即一類人、物或事,或一個公認事實的例子,說白了就是多數(shù)人都能認可的信息。尋找這類例子的時候比較輕松,只要在觀點中找出可以繼續(xù)細化的重點信息然后"narrow down"就可以了。

觀點1: Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants.

粗例1: International companies desire bilingual employees and offer higher salaries to attract them.

“粗例”可以建立“面”對“線”的關系,但需要注意不能太空洞,同時也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析、比較論證來使用,才能使整個段落更有血肉。

托福寫作之常犯的錯誤

1. 不完整的句子

(1) If you find that writing is hard is because it is hard. One of the hardest things that people do.

If you find that writing is hard is because it is hard—one of the hardest things that people do.

(2) Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world. A gossip that makes us prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.

Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world, a gossip that makes us prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.

Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world that makes us prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.

2. 分詞短語作狀語的錯誤

Holding her in his arms, the moon hid behind the cloud.

As soon as the moon hid behind the cloud, he held her in his arms.

3. 修飾詞錯位

(1) Romeo received word that Juliet was dead from another messenger.

Romeo received word from another messenger that Juliet was dead.

(2) After leaving the stage, the audience’s applause called the musicians back for an encore.

After the musicians left the stage, the audience’s applause called them back for an encore.

(3) Disruptive in the classroom, a teacher may become exasperated with hyperactive children.

Disruptive in the classroom, hyperactive children may exasperate a teacher.

4. 串句

Unproductive or uncooperative workers can seriously harm an organization, for this reason, employers need to have accurate information about employee performance, but when employees have full access to their own personnel files, co-workers and even supervisors will often find it difficult to give frank criticism of underachievers or to report troublemakers.

Unproductive or uncooperative workers can seriously harm an organization; for this reason, employers need to have accurate information about employee performance. But when employees have full access to their own personnel files, co-workers and even supervisors will often find it difficult to give frank criticism of underachievers or to report troublemakers.

5. 時態(tài)錯誤

The researchers admitted that they falsified crucial data in the study.

The researchers admitted that they had falsified crucial data in the study.

6. 代詞錯誤

(1) Too often people either keep their feelings to themselves or take it our on others.

Too often people either keep their feelings to themselves or take them our on others.

(2) Each girl and boy must do their part to keep the home fires burning.

Each girl and boy must do her or his part to keep the home fires burning.

(3) This college has their own entrance requirements.

This college has its own entrance requirements.

(4) If one wishes to participate in the political process, you can begin by voting regularly.

If one wishes to participate in the political process, one can begin by voting regularly.

(5) The fire in the library was finally put out. For a while, they thought an unhappy employee might have started it.

The fire in the library was finally put out. For a while, the library staff thought an unhappy employee might have started it.

7. 結(jié)構(gòu)混亂

Because Hemingway’s style is simple makes his writing accessible to all readers.

Because Hemingway’s style is simple, his writing is accessible to all readers.

Hemingway’s simple style makes his writing accessible to all readers.

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