托福寫作中詞匯的重要性相當(dāng)之高，沒有充足的詞匯積累考生就會(huì)面臨無詞可用或是重復(fù)用詞的困境。下面小編就和大家分享托福寫作詞匯分類匯總 ，來欣賞一下吧。

托福寫作詞匯分類匯總 科技類常用詞整理一覽

非常先進(jìn)的 adj. state-of-the-art

尖端的 adj. cutting-edge

徹底變革 vt. revolutionize

自動(dòng)化的 adj. automated

機(jī)械化的 adj. mechanized

電腦生成的 adj. computer-generated

組裝線 assembly line

大規(guī)模生產(chǎn) mass-production

省錢的 adj. cost-effective/ economical

深刻改變 vt. transform

突破 n. breakthrough

打破(傳統(tǒng)的)界限 break boundaries

無限的可能 endless possibilities

發(fā)展 v.&n. advance

信息過剩 information overload

信息爆炸 information explosion

自給自足 n. self-sufficiency

虛擬世界 the virtual world

脫離現(xiàn)實(shí) be detached from reality

(電腦的)攝像頭 n. webcam

不可想象的 adj. inconceivable

遠(yuǎn)程通訊 n. telecommunications

高生產(chǎn)率的 adj. productive

自動(dòng)化 n. automation

可利用的 adj. available

新穎的 adj. novel

耐用的 adj. durable

對用戶友好的，方便使用的 adj. user-friendly

常規(guī)的 adj. conventional

增進(jìn)，提高 vt. enhance = boost

加速 speed up/ accelerate

生產(chǎn)，制造 vt. manufacture

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的 adj. standardized

印刷機(jī) printing press

電報(bào) n. telegraph

外科手術(shù) n. surgery

采用 vt. adopt

在家遠(yuǎn)程上班 n. telecommuting

網(wǎng)絡(luò)銀行(業(yè)務(wù)) online banking

提高效率 augment/ enhance/ boost efficiency

提高生產(chǎn)效率 augment/ enhance/ boost productivity

減少人力的機(jī)器 labor-saving machinery

取代人力的機(jī)器 labor-replacing machinery

自動(dòng)化 n. automation

生物技術(shù) n. biotechnology

克隆 v. clone

遠(yuǎn)程通訊 n. telecommunications

太空探索 space exploration/ space probe

人的基因構(gòu)成 one’s genetic makeup/ one’s DNA programming

創(chuàng)新 n. innovations

有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，精巧的 adj. ingenious

以驚人的速度 at a staggering rate

超輕的 adj. ultra-lightweight

超薄的 adj. ultra-thin

便攜的 adj. portable

天線 n. antenna

器官移植 organ transplant

心臟起搏器 n. pacemaker

交易 n. transactions

載人登月 manned landing on the Moon

載人航天器 manned spacecraft

通訊衛(wèi)星 telecommunications satellite

氣象衛(wèi)星 weather satellite/ meteorological satellite

發(fā)射臺 launch pad

哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡 the Hubble Space Telescope

防彈背心 bulletproof vest

尖端的技術(shù) cutting-edge technology

信息爆炸 information explosion ( or over-load)

信息時(shí)代 the information age ( or era)

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛應(yīng)用 the proliferation of the Internet/ the extensive use of the Internet/ the widespread use of the Internet

科技創(chuàng)新及發(fā)展 technological innovations/ inventions/ advances/ progressions

托福考試作文獨(dú)立寫作范文：學(xué)生是否需要起早去上學(xué)

Some people think it is the best approach for students to learn if school start the day at a early time in the morning. But someone think the school should start the day at late time. Which one do you prefer? Use specific reasons and detailed examples to support your answer.

題目大意：學(xué)生是否需要起早去上學(xué)。老師建議大家選擇反對，即認(rèn)為孩子可以晚點(diǎn)去上學(xué)，因?yàn)橐环矫婵梢员ＷC孩子的休息，從而提高課堂效率，另一方面避免孩子遭遇早高峰，有助于保證好的心情，從而減少對學(xué)習(xí)的干擾。

托福寫作模板及參考答案：

托福寫作范文參考一:

Many schools are planning to postpone the first class in the morning for less lateness and better educating quality. However, the schedule of late classes will cultivate students’ indolence, and pose many other negative effects. As a result, starting class late would not effectively reduce the rate of lateness and cannot secure the educating efficacy.

Firstly, early classes in the morning will force the students to keep a disciplined life style. In order to attend the first class, students have to get up early in the morning. This habit brings many benefits. For example, young people will live a much healthier life. Keeping the schedule in mind, they would no longer dally at night before sleep, and save their time in the morning. Then, they can have a good rest in the evening and keep themselves energetic at daytime. Besides, they could also shape many of their excellent characteristics, like self-discipline or persistence. Leaving the cozy bed requires a powerful willpower when we start a new day, and doing this every day asks for a strong self-control. Both of these virtues are keys to success. And one of the well-known, Kobe Bryant, is a beneficiary of starting his day early in the morning. He once gave his secret to become the MVP in the basketball playground. It was his getting up early in the 4 AM that contributes him. In conclusion, both physical and psychological benefits can be gained by the disciplined life style led by the early classes.

In addition, early start in the morning also leaves more extracurricular time for students. Earlier starting class generally results in earlier off-class. More spare time after class enables students to conduct other activities, such as further exploring in study, deepening their interests or doing some other activities. Those activities would help students to improve themselves. In spare time, students can do some practical experiments to apply knowledge into practice, which allow them to have in-depth understanding in knowledge learnt in class. Students would be also capable of learning instrument, painting or doing sports with abundant of time after class. Those extracurricular activities help students to achieve complete development. Obviously, earlier start in the morning means a longer day, providing more spare time for students to enrich their life and promote themselves in learning.

Late classes, to a degree, may lower the absence rate at the beginning. This is because that students do not need to be hurry in the morning, especially for those who cannot get up early. In the long run, however, the original purpose cannot be realized effectively. The allowance of starting class later would indulge the bad habits of procrastination. Some students will tend to put off all tasks late at night, if they do not need to get up early. Staying up later would in turn make students get up later. This is a vicious circle. As a result, students’ biological clock will be re-adjusted, making it harder for them to get up on time. Therefore, the absence rate would be decreased again.

In summary, compared to making classes late in the morning, starting the day early would bring many benefits in learning. Students would be able to maintain a healthy life physically and mentally, and to explore in study, all of which contribute to a higher quality of learning.

范文參考二:

In the contemporary society, the length of study time on the part of students has become one of the most hottly debated issue among the general public. When it comes to whether students should be required to arrive school at the early time in the morning, people’s notions may vary from one to another. In my eyes, starting school day at a late time is a better choice for the following reasons.

To begin with, arriving school at the late time will ensure students have a good rest and thus contributes to the improvement of their study efficiency. As is common sense, the increasingly heavy study burden on the shoulder of students has squeezed their leisure time so much that their sleeping time cannot be guaranteed. As a result, with the implementation of starting school day in a late time, the quality of their rest will be improved, with the consequence that their attention will be more concentrated in class. On the contrary, shortening their rest time by requesting students begin class early will definitely produce a negative effect on their study. To be specific, it will be common to observe that students feel so sleepy as to have a short nap during the class.

In addition, students who start school day in a late time will obviously avoid being stuck in traffic jam and thus have a better mood in the morning. Undoubtedly, under the drive of a cheerful frame of mind, children will raise their efficiency of study to a large extent. The experience of my cousin, Tom, can serve as a good example to shed some lights on the above reasoning. Tom, a student in a middle school of Beijing, used to be required to arrive school at 8 a.m. every morning in order to prepare better for the National Examination of College Admission. However, the problem is that according to the regulations of most companies, employees also have to start work at 8 a.m. Therefore, it is not hard to imagine that the subways, buses and taxis are crowded with people in the morning. According to Tom’s recounting, no one will feel good after such a experience, let alone immediately devoting him/herself to study.

Taking what has been discussed into consideration, we can draw the conclusion that it is wise to require student to arrive school at a late time in the morining, in order to ensure the quality of their rest and develop a light heart.

范文參考三:

Have you experienced struggling with your pillow every morning? Have you ever choked with the traffic jams in the rush hour? Have you ever felt sleepy in the first class? No matter what scientific evidence shows us the advantages of having class early, there is a new research from Mark Fischettiof Scientific America convince us that students' efficiency can be improved by going to school later. I totally agree with the statement for it’s beneficial for both of students and teachers.

First, students' efficiency can be elevated. Under the excessive burden, students always stay up late and that’s why their sleep time has been shrunk. If they are forced to get up early, their whole day will be windy. Thus, students would waste the most substantial content of study, nevertheless, students would be more fresh and have concentrations on the class. According to Kyla Wahlstrom, director of the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota. She made a research in Minnesota February that tracked 9000 students in eight public high schools in Minnesota, Colorado and Wyoming. After one semester, when school began at 8:35 a.m. or later, grades earned in math, English, science and social studies typically rose a quarter step—for example, up halfway from B to B+. This conclusion perfectly convinces everyone that students should get up later.

Second, we should follow students' biological system. Adolescents' physiology has greatly altered from their childhood because of melatonin. The later the delay, the greater the payoff.Following their biological change can make them healthy and wealthy. Take me as an example, as a teacher, most of my students would like to finish their homework and chat with friend until the mid night. They can't control their biological clock, which makes they fell very sleepy in the first class. Moreover the rate of being on duty is lower compared with other time periods.

Third, traffic problems can be released. One should know that big cities have the traffic jams all the time, which makes students choked with the road and can’t get rid of it. Moreover, students who live far away from the school are hurry to get catch up with the early classes. If schools postpone their time to be later, it will help them stagger the rush time of traffic. Nevertheless, students would start their study restlessly, which influences their mood not mention to the study efficiency. A study in 2012 from California public schools shows that students can avoid transportation problems by changing their class time. What’ more, their literature and math scores are higher on the average.

To conclude, getting up early and attend class are good for both of students and teachers. I suggest that school should postpone their class time and improve students’ efficiency.

素材補(bǔ)充(選自：果殼網(wǎng))：(Mark Fischetti/文，IvyP/譯)我們都有過早上起來與被窩作斗爭，最后不得不睡眼惺忪地去上學(xué)的經(jīng)歷。這種現(xiàn)象可不是中國特有的——大洋對岸的美國家長、學(xué)生還有老師們也時(shí)常爭論，中學(xué)的上課時(shí)間是不是太早了。而在過去的3年間有越來越多的研究表明，推遲上課時(shí)間有助提高學(xué)習(xí)的效果，并且上課時(shí)間越晚越好。

生物學(xué)研究顯示，人在幼童時(shí)期傾向于早睡早起;而當(dāng)人步入青少年時(shí)期后，晝夜節(jié)律會(huì)發(fā)生改變，導(dǎo)致青少年睡得更晚，起得也更晚。這種改變是由大腦內(nèi)褪黑素的變化引起的，這一過程大約開始于13歲，在15到16歲明顯增強(qiáng)，而在17到19歲時(shí)達(dá)到高峰。

那么這個(gè)現(xiàn)象會(huì)對學(xué)習(xí)效果產(chǎn)生影響嗎?根據(jù)明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)應(yīng)用研究與教育改進(jìn)中心主任凱拉·瓦爾斯特隆今年2月發(fā)表的論文，答案是肯定的。她跟蹤調(diào)查了在明尼蘇達(dá)州、科羅拉多州和懷俄明州的8所公立中學(xué)里就讀的9000多名學(xué)生。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果上課時(shí)間調(diào)整到早上8：35或者更晚，一個(gè)學(xué)期之后，學(xué)生們的數(shù)學(xué)、英語、科學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)成績普遍提高了1/4個(gè)等級，例如從B提高到了B與B+的中間位置。

另有兩篇由瓦爾斯特隆評議但還未發(fā)表的研究論文也獲得了相似的結(jié)論。在美國空軍學(xué)院進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)對照實(shí)驗(yàn)也驗(yàn)證了這一結(jié)論，因?yàn)樵诖髮W(xué)一年級時(shí)不同組的學(xué)員開始上課的時(shí)間不同。此外，2012年一項(xiàng)研究顯示，由于交通問題導(dǎo)致北卡羅來納州不同地區(qū)的學(xué)校上課時(shí)間不同，結(jié)果上課時(shí)間較晚的學(xué)校，學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)和閱讀成績較高。還有其它研究表明，推遲上課時(shí)間可以提高出勤率，以及減少青少年抑郁和交通事故的發(fā)生率。這些都因?yàn)橥睃c(diǎn)上課可以讓青少年獲得更充足的睡眠。

多項(xiàng)研究表明，與把上課時(shí)間從早上7:15調(diào)到7:45的學(xué)校相比，上課時(shí)間從7:30改為8:00的學(xué)校里的學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績有更大幅度的提高。來自巴西、意大利和以色列的研究也獲得了相似的結(jié)論。之所以上課時(shí)間推遲會(huì)獲得這些好處，其關(guān)鍵是青少年保證了至少8個(gè)小時(shí)的充足睡眠，而如果能達(dá)到9小時(shí)就更好了。相比之下，在歐洲，很少有中學(xué)會(huì)在上午9點(diǎn)以前開始上課。

不支持推遲上課時(shí)間的人們曾擔(dān)心這樣會(huì)影響學(xué)生的正常作息。不過結(jié)果表明，學(xué)生們在進(jìn)行課余活動(dòng)或是兼職工作時(shí)，并沒有受到上課時(shí)間改變的影響。研究結(jié)果甚至對校車接送問題也提供了更好的解決辦法。許多學(xué)校都是先接中學(xué)生上學(xué)，然后再接小學(xué)生，而將這一順序調(diào)換可以讓高中生們的上學(xué)時(shí)間推遲。這樣做除了可以讓他們受益之外，對他們的弟弟妹妹們也有好處——有研究表明幼兒在早晨更清醒，更愿意學(xué)習(xí)。