托福獨(dú)立寫作的話題涉及內(nèi)容眾多類型相當(dāng)豐富,考生在備考時難免會不知道應(yīng)該先從那些話題入手練筆。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈*?dú)立寫作個人類常見話題分析,希望能夠幫助到大家,一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧。
托福獨(dú)立寫作個人類常見話題分析 這些題目方向要優(yōu)先練起
托福獨(dú)立寫作個人類話題分析
從個人individual的角度講,托福獨(dú)立寫作可能會向我們提問以下4個方面。第一個是campus life就是學(xué)校的生活學(xué)校的教育; 第二個leisure life就是在課下課外我們休閑娛樂方式; 第三個就是social life我們交朋友和自己的家人溝通;以及最后還有,當(dāng)我們長大了成人還會遇到professional life.而根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),托??荚嚸磕甑莫?dú)立寫作話題中,有60%左右的話題都是在針對個人而言的,因此個人類話題需要大家重點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備。
個人類話題實(shí)例講解
campus life考最多的是選課,該不該學(xué)基礎(chǔ)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué),該不該學(xué)歷史,該不該讓孩子添加field trip就是外出活動,這些都是經(jīng)常會考的選課類的題目。還有問孩子該不該在課外的時候有l(wèi)eisure life,比如寵物類話題:說寵物是教會責(zé)任感的最好辦法,說寵物可以教給孩子很多道理;再比如運(yùn)動,運(yùn)動教會生活道理,問你同不同意。另外還有傳媒類話題:媒體對青少年是利大于弊、還是弊大于利,以及看電影該看什么樣的電影,這些都屬于在校內(nèi)和校外的生活,其實(shí)語料要準(zhǔn)備起來是很相似的。
social life交友類內(nèi)容,比方說聰明的朋友和有趣的朋友你選哪一個。再比方說三選一題目:選朋友,三個朋友里頭你挑哪個;是旅行交友好還是參加運(yùn)動隊(duì)好,還是參加社區(qū)勞動好;三選一的交友題都是在談?wù)摰氖? social life(sociallize) 。和家人的關(guān)系方面就會問:是不是應(yīng)該讓兄弟姐妹來帶小孩,還是應(yīng)該讓父母來帶小孩。這都是和別人在溝通在互動。這樣相關(guān)語料你會發(fā)現(xiàn),不必相似。
在四個生活類題目中professional life比重會大一些。這是關(guān)于工作,成功、品質(zhì)。比方說“一個領(lǐng)導(dǎo)最重要的品質(zhì)就是溝通能力”,或是“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)到底是應(yīng)該做決定很迅猛還是應(yīng)該有耐心的想想再說”,這些都是關(guān)于人的important value;和工作方式相關(guān)的也有,選擇兩個計(jì)劃哪個好,是務(wù)實(shí)的好還是挑戰(zhàn)的好;做事的方式是應(yīng)該一下子把事情都做,還是分開了慢慢做。像這些都是成人之后進(jìn)入工作之后,你在處理問題的時候要思考的。
所以大家在進(jìn)行語料分析的時候,四種生活其實(shí)就是校園的、校外的、娛樂和家人相關(guān)的。這些都是平時on a daily basis每天都去輸入的語料。每天不求多,每天十個,慢慢背,背下來兩個月后你再寫文章,感覺就不一樣,這是語料它的神奇之處。
托福寫作素材之天賦還是后天努力
Anonymous asks, "Which is more important to success, talent or hard work?"
When Talent Fails
Countless talented people fail. They are better equipped through some natural gift, some set of experiences, or through training. It is clear to everyone around them that they have greater competencies and greater abilities. Almost all of these talented people recognize that they are more talented than their peers.
The reason these talented people fail has nothing to do with their lack of talent and everything to do with their unwillingness to put that talent to work. Talented people sometimes believe that talent alone is enough to succeed. But being unwilling to do the work, they fail.
When Hard Work Fails
Some people who work very hard fail, but not nearly as often as the talented person who is unwilling. A hard worker tends to produce results through the sheer force of will. They're willing to just keep at something until they produce some result.
When hard workers fail it is because they believe that working hard alone is enough. Because they don't work at learning more and improving their effectiveness, they fail. I have seen many a hard-working salesperson fail because, despite their willingness to work, they wouldn't work on developing their chops.
Talent + Hard Work
The question anonymous asks supposes that talent and hard work are mutually exclusive, that you can be one or the other. But the most successful people are the talented people who work hard putting those talents to good use. They are matched only by the hard worker who is thoughtful enough to learn quickly, make distinctions that produce better results, and hustle to grow their overall competencies.
The only choice to made is whether you are going to work hard if you are gifted with some talent, or whether you are going to develop yourself and learn if you are a hard worker who lacks the natural talent.
注解:
固定搭配
are better equipped : 裝備有
The reason X.X.X has nothing to do with X.X.X, everything to do with X.X.X: 某事的原因跟X.X沒關(guān)系而是跟X.X.X有關(guān)系
not nearly as often as :沒有后者的頻率高(對比的時候常用)
are mutually exclusive:互相排斥
putting those talents to good use:使用好這些天分
are gifted with some talent:有天賦
并列結(jié)構(gòu)(細(xì)節(jié)的羅列)
natural gift, some set of experiences, or through training:
天賦、經(jīng)驗(yàn)和訓(xùn)練
greater competencies and greater abilities:跟強(qiáng)的技能和更大的能力(一回事)
learning more and improving their effectiveness:
學(xué)習(xí)到更多、增加效率
developing their chops:增加效率
learn quickly, make distinctions that produce better results, and hustle to grow their overall competencies
:快速學(xué)習(xí)、在那些有更好產(chǎn)出的方面變得更、快速增加各方面的能力
Citation:
//thesalesblog.com/2014/12/05/talent-or-hard-work/
2012.2.11 ML
Talented people's leadership is born naturally and can't be learned by people. Do you agree or disagree.
托福寫作:需要注意的四點(diǎn)問題
一:持一立場
針對某一個論題,每一種觀點(diǎn)都有它的理由。同樣,在托福作文中也不存在著一的觀點(diǎn)和內(nèi)容。這時,你可以從兩個完全相反的觀點(diǎn)中選擇一個立場。關(guān)鍵在于你如何說服讀者:盡管存在著相反的立場,你的觀點(diǎn)從總體上來說仍然是具說服力的。
一般說來,應(yīng)該選擇那個政治上正確的或者大多數(shù)考生會選擇的觀點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然,如果你不擅長寫這種文章,你可以適當(dāng)?shù)卣{(diào)整一下內(nèi)容以適應(yīng)你較習(xí)慣的舒服的表達(dá)方式。但總的說來,文章要均衡,不要包含高度爭議性的論述。不要把這里當(dāng)成思想家的論壇。寫一篇高度爭議性的文章只會讓讀者對你產(chǎn)生偏見,同時也會使電腦評分器費(fèi)解,因?yàn)檫@種文章和其數(shù)據(jù)庫里所儲存的文章差別太大。所以,針對問題時盡量使用較冷靜平和的語氣。盡管如此,你也不能不選擇一個立場。你必須選擇一個將要“出現(xiàn)”在開頭段落和結(jié)論段落里的觀點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然,考試時,題目會讓你選擇一種觀點(diǎn),但你必須明確地表述出來。
二:文章的深度
托福 寫作每篇文章你只有30分鐘,這么短的時間內(nèi)你不可能覆蓋每一個推理,反駁和例子。當(dāng)你開始考試時,抽出幾分鐘的時間確定要寫的論點(diǎn)和例子。你不必包含每個論題和概念。大部分學(xué)生都沒有足夠的時間覆蓋他想覆蓋的內(nèi)容。所以,只要選擇其中具說服力的點(diǎn)和例子。其實(shí),判分者也不期望你對每個論題都作深入的探討。
這里重要的是你的作文不要離題,抓住要點(diǎn)。不要扯遠(yuǎn)了也不要過分集中在某個例子上。
三:例子從何而來
托福寫作題目會告訴你可以利用自己的經(jīng)歷來展開你的論點(diǎn),得出結(jié)論。這種方法是可以的,但不要過分。你的推理依據(jù)應(yīng)該更偏向于所學(xué)到的知識而非個人經(jīng)歷。你所舉的例子或者知識可能很吸引人,但不要試圖深入。因?yàn)橥懈W魑臏y試的是你基本寫作能力,而非你的專業(yè)知識。留學(xué)生:盡量多讀一些美國雜志,以適應(yīng)美國人寫作的習(xí)慣和跟上時代的潮流。
四:保持簡潔
試著將自己放在評分者的位置上,他們整天在為作文判分。你希望看到一篇包含5段每段4句的簡潔的有效的文章還是4段每段10句的散漫的文章呢?簡而言之:確保你的作文干脆,簡潔能取悅評分者。在Issue部分這尤其重要,因?yàn)樵谶@里你表達(dá)的是你自己的觀點(diǎn)。