GRE寫作如何避免雷同判定?掌握這4點(diǎn)就能合理借鑒好文章。今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)GRE寫作如何避免雷同判定 ,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
GRE寫作如何避免雷同判定?掌握這4點(diǎn)就能合理借鑒好文章
一、觀點(diǎn)要鮮明更要有自己特色
觀點(diǎn)是GRE作文考試的核心內(nèi)容，考察考生能否對(duì)一個(gè)issue進(jìn)行深入分析與思考并最終提出一個(gè)有層次的觀點(diǎn)。有了原創(chuàng)觀點(diǎn)就不用擔(dān)心雷同。我這樣說也許有有點(diǎn)像讓快餓死的人去吃肉粥。如果真的要借鑒范文觀點(diǎn)，我建議應(yīng)該盡可能做一些調(diào)整，以避免第二個(gè)雷區(qū)?；蛘吒纱嘣谖闹兄v明這個(gè)思路是借鑒了哪一本參考書的。美國(guó)人對(duì)真小人比對(duì)偽君子要寬容。
二、照抄原文格殺勿論
在語(yǔ)言上可以使用一些范文的句式，但是絕對(duì)不能照抄原文，而是要換掉一些關(guān)鍵詞?；蛘呷绻栌藐P(guān)鍵詞，則必須使用別的句式。
三、結(jié)構(gòu)要區(qū)別開來(lái)
比如把北美范文用在120題的結(jié)構(gòu)和破題策略用在210題上。
四、合理引用例證
在例證方面，使用范文用過的例證沒有問題，哪怕用那些被判雷同的例證也沒問題。例證是人類的共同知識(shí)，誰(shuí)都可以使用，關(guān)鍵是我們不能用和范文作者同樣的思路和語(yǔ)言來(lái)詮釋例證并展開類似的論證。
因此，越是耳熟能詳?shù)睦C如牛頓與蘋果樹、愛迪生孵蛋，要寫出原創(chuàng)的內(nèi)容就越困難，雷同的危險(xiǎn)就越大。
看的出來(lái)，要想避免雷同我們還是要靠自己去寫作，而不能一味地參照別人的文章。所以我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的寫作練習(xí)中也要鍛煉自己的原創(chuàng)能力。
GRE寫作題目分類練習(xí)：教育
1. A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer.
2. While some leaders in government， sports， industry， and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition， a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation.
3. In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level， all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.
4. Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student‘s field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated.
5. Colleges and universities should offer more courses on popular music， film， advertising， and television because contemporary culture has much greater relevance for students than do arts and literature of the past.
6. It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears.
7. Some educational systems emphasize the development of students‘ capacity for reasoning and logical thinking， but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions.
8. It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality， however， formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free.
9. How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately， we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society.
10. Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators.
11. The purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system， a standard， a set of ideas-not to prepare them for a specific job.
12. Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Othervise， these talents are likely to remain undeveloped.
13. Although innovations such as video， computers， and the internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students， these technologies all too often distract from real learning.
GRE寫作的常用詞匯內(nèi)容
一系列:
a series of; in a row;
好像、可能：
likely; possible; probably; perhaps; as though; maybe; may; might;
解決方案：
solution; approach; recipe; scheme
方面：
angles; aspect; facet; side; viewpoint;
in all respects; in many fields;
highlight an aspect of;
in all likelihood;
獲得：
acquire; gain; attain; achieve; pursue;
影響;
interfere with~;
have/exert a profound influence on life/personality;
have a dramatic/undesirable effect on;
滿足：
meet; satisfy; accommodate the demand of; be accustomed to;
很明顯的：
it is conceivable/ obvious/ apparent;
conspicuous; strikingly; notably;
類比：
apply specifically/equally to;
GRE寫作邏輯思路的鍛煉
TOEFL作文考：“吃飯是在家里吃好，還是到飯店里吃好”; GMAT考和商業(yè)有關(guān)的：“產(chǎn)品制造出來(lái)是延續(xù)時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)的好，還是延續(xù)時(shí)間不太長(zhǎng)的好”;GRE作文：“在我們這個(gè)社會(huì)中間，現(xiàn)在專業(yè)人士太多了，而有綜合知識(shí)的人太少了。你認(rèn)為我們是更需要具有專業(yè)知識(shí)的人呢，還是需要具有廣博知識(shí)的人?”
TOEFL考生活、學(xué)習(xí);GRE 考日常學(xué)術(shù)行為。但是不管它出什么題目，總是會(huì)擺出兩種態(tài)度供你選擇。另外，GRE的作文題目是提前發(fā)給你的，考試時(shí)出的題目絕不會(huì)超出它事先發(fā)給你的題目。它決不會(huì)出讓學(xué)生看不懂的題目。所出的題目永遠(yuǎn)是世界性的，不涉及民族、宗教、政治色彩。
考察了普林斯頓所出的全部范文后發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國(guó)人百分之七八十喜歡傾向于一種模式。討論在哪里吃的問題時(shí)，要不在家里吃，要不在飯店吃，但是你不要又想在家里，又想在飯店(A OR B)。當(dāng)然他們也比較認(rèn)可中間的態(tài)度(C)，也就是說，我既要A又要B，我是A和B結(jié)合起來(lái)產(chǎn)生C。事實(shí)上，好多中國(guó)學(xué)生結(jié)合A、B寫是能寫出好分?jǐn)?shù)的。當(dāng)然也有些題目是沒有C這種態(tài)度的。
C態(tài)度這種寫法和A、B的寫法，在段落結(jié)構(gòu)上是有差異的。我先講兩種文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu)。
如果是采取A或B的寫法，段落結(jié)構(gòu)是比較簡(jiǎn)單的。通常分為三個(gè)層次，第一個(gè)層次是第一段。說明我要采取A還是B。第二個(gè)層次可以不只一段，說明為什么選擇A/B是對(duì)的。為什么要有三段呢。因?yàn)楸仨氈辽儆?個(gè)理由，至多3個(gè)理由。美國(guó)人認(rèn)為一個(gè)理由是不夠的，4個(gè)理由絕對(duì)太多。他們最喜歡 2到3個(gè)理由。最后一段就是結(jié)尾，討論B的缺點(diǎn)和部分優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)堅(jiān)決強(qiáng)調(diào)你要選擇A。
C模式：它有兩大難點(diǎn)。1。你要表明A和B 的必不可少性，所以你的段落就會(huì)很長(zhǎng);2第二段就要寫A的好處、缺陷都在哪;3要寫B(tài)的好處和缺點(diǎn);4 要證明只有把A和B結(jié)合起來(lái)才能弘揚(yáng)兩者的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，避免缺點(diǎn)。這樣的文章是最合情合理的，優(yōu)點(diǎn)是非常的reasonable。缺點(diǎn)是這種文章的長(zhǎng)度比我們前面說到的第一種類型的文章，至少要長(zhǎng)出1/3。而你寫的越長(zhǎng)就越容易犯句子語(yǔ)法和結(jié)構(gòu)，以及拼寫的錯(cuò)誤。所以如果你的寫作水平很一般的話，就不要用這種
寫法。但是如果你的寫作水平很高的話，我建議你用這種寫法。尤其是碰到一些我認(rèn)為只有把兩者結(jié)合起來(lái)才能寫好的題目時(shí)。所以GRE作文難就難在它的題目比較難。這種題目有兩種寫作方法，這兩種方法都是能拿6分的。
邏輯思維能力的第二步就是怎么寫好中間這部分。開頭挺好寫的，好多同學(xué)直接照著題目抄，這大可不必，也挺愚蠢的。GRE作文題目也是可以抄的，但是你最好還是自己寫。千篇一律只有幾種開頭的方法：1。說大話開頭法：開頭就是一個(gè)宏偉的概括;2。幽默一點(diǎn)的開頭法。3。從自我經(jīng)歷寫起。
下面我們來(lái)具體講一下中間應(yīng)該怎么寫。
首先來(lái)講一下，寫這三個(gè)理由要避免的幾點(diǎn)：
.避免觀點(diǎn)重復(fù);不要講了幾遍其實(shí)都是一個(gè)理由。當(dāng)你一點(diǎn)就能說明的時(shí)候，非要講三遍就顯的有點(diǎn)STUPID了。你要從多個(gè)方面來(lái)講道理，而且要盡量把問題具體化。
.避免觀點(diǎn)的庸俗化，并考慮美國(guó)人能否接受的問題。比如說要避免對(duì)任何宗教詞批判太多。因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)搞不懂給你判分的是信什么教的。不能批判任何政治理想。不能貶低自己所在的國(guó)家。美國(guó)人最討厭不愛自己國(guó)家的人。避免觀點(diǎn)的庸俗化，就是我們說的有些東西可以想，但是不能寫出來(lái)GRE作文邏輯思路分為兩種。一種是問題發(fā)揮型，一種是argument/爭(zhēng)論型。
對(duì)于問題發(fā)揮型題目，你怎么發(fā)揮，怎么犯邏輯錯(cuò)誤都沒有問題，只要你能保證你觀點(diǎn)的正確，并能用具體的事實(shí)證明你的觀點(diǎn)。而對(duì)于 argument/爭(zhēng)論 型題目就不同了。它的出題方式是給你一段話，這段話后再給出一個(gè)總結(jié)。然后讓你挑出它的邏輯錯(cuò)誤。需要你作的是.它的結(jié)論或者對(duì)其加以補(bǔ)充。你只要拿出三點(diǎn)理由把它.就行了。這三點(diǎn)理由從哪里找呢，從文章里面找，從文章
下面舉一個(gè)例子：現(xiàn)在有一種計(jì)算機(jī)儀表設(shè)備，把它安在商用飛機(jī)上之后就必然能避免飛機(jī)在空中的碰撞。因?yàn)橐患茱w機(jī)發(fā)出碰撞信號(hào)后，另一架飛機(jī)就能接收這個(gè)信號(hào)并及時(shí)采取行動(dòng)，從而避免飛機(jī)碰撞。
這里結(jié)論就是飛機(jī)必然能避免碰撞。你要做的就是.這個(gè)結(jié)論。它的因果關(guān)系是因?yàn)榘惭b了儀表所以能夠避免碰撞。你要說的是安裝了儀表不一定能避免碰撞?，F(xiàn)在你就要找出3點(diǎn)理由來(lái)。
1. 文章中沒有任何統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)告訴我們飛機(jī)的碰撞百分之百是商用飛機(jī)，因此如果避免碰撞，就要在所有飛行物上安裝這種儀表。
2. 安裝了儀表后，是否需要人來(lái)操作。如果是，那么因?yàn)橛腥说脑?，就不能避免碰撞?/p>
3. 要是這個(gè)儀表系統(tǒng)壞了。
4. 也沒有談到氣候問題，衛(wèi)星干擾問題等干擾因素……
所以Argument文章不需要你有文采，也不需要你有多么好的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，它只是要求你的邏輯沒有漏洞。
GRE寫作范文積累：實(shí)用的意義
題目：
Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve.Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world.
正文：
In today’s society idealism seems to become an ideology that is marginalized and practicality is our great idol, thus, the speaker asserts that anything that is not practical bears little value. I admit that being practical is the wide-accepted dogma in order to survive in this world, but by going too far to claim that anything that is not practical has little value is against the empirical observation as well as the general stimulus that push the human society forward.
Admittedly, practicality has become a cult in today’s society. Too often do we hear people talk about being practical whenever they come to make important decisions or choose between several alternatives. The deep-rooted cause underlying this phenomenon is that with the development of modern society, the emphasis is placed more on financial gaining, quick fame, sensible choice and so forth. Our society is rather stable compared with that of the last century when war, violence, human right movements has become the symbol of that period. People are enjoying this peaceful environment with less crucial missions rested upon them and as a result, they shift from idealism to struggle for the common well being of mankind to the practical concept of individual achievement.
This ideology has its merits since after all the disaster and upheaval that our human race has undergone, it is judicious to focus on the economic aspect of things in order to tackle the most important social problems such as poverty, hunger and environmental problems which all deserve us to sit down and work out practical solutions. On the personal level, being practical is how a person would possibly succeed in his career or personal life. One is likely to make sensible decisions for his education and job choice on the basis of practical consideration of his own strength and weakness and careful analysis of the prospect of research direction and job market. Even those in power and intellects need to consider practically since hasty decision built upon pure ideal meditation would hardly find its way in the modern society and is doom to failure.
Agreeing with the speaker that practicality has become the great idol in our society, I am strongly against his point that anything that is not practical has little value. Even in today’s society, idealism is by no means relegated to the place of total neglect and disregard. For one thing, in history, so much achievement is the outcome of several generations’ struggle such as fighting for equality for women, human rights movement,etc. In today’s society, practicality is the way we can obtain our goal but idealism offers the philosophical explanation of why we should set this as our goal and the clear the ultimate value of our pursuing. What is more, by totally fixed one's eyes upon the practical aspect of things, we face the danger of neglecting one important part of our pursuit, that is the mental enjoyment brought out by idealism. If we have a clear goal set in mind and put practical endeavor at the same time, the result would be more satisfactory and valuable.
To sum up, I agree with the speaker insofar as the wide acceptance of practicality is considered. Being practical is the tenet of modern society and it does shed light on the wise way of doing things and obtaining goals, no matter in the personal or social level.But the speaker goes too far by claiming that it is the only valuable ideology in society.I am strongly against this idea since in history or at present, we human beings still need the philosophical explanation to clear our goal and to provide motivation. In this aspect, idealism would never be replaced with pure practical consideration. Otherwise,human society will be replete with insensible people directed by economic profit and quick fame and recognition.
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