托福寫(xiě)作如何以高分為目標(biāo)做準(zhǔn)備

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托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作現(xiàn)在怎么評(píng)分?0到5分全分?jǐn)?shù)段打分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)精講。今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了　托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作現(xiàn)在怎么評(píng)分，希望可以幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作現(xiàn)在怎么評(píng)分?0到5分全分?jǐn)?shù)段打分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)精講

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作5分作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

此分?jǐn)?shù)的文章大體有以下特點(diǎn)：有效地針對(duì)話題完成任務(wù);能充分展開(kāi)，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，使用適當(dāng)?shù)慕忉專(zhuān)C和/或細(xì)節(jié);體現(xiàn)出一致、遞進(jìn)、連貫的特點(diǎn);語(yǔ)言熟練，能使用不同的句法、合適的措辭和習(xí)語(yǔ)，允許出現(xiàn)次要的詞匯或語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作4分作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

此分?jǐn)?shù)的文章大體有一下的特點(diǎn)：很好地針對(duì)話題完成任務(wù)，但是一些論點(diǎn)沒(méi)有充分展開(kāi);總體上能夠充分展開(kāi)，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，使用適當(dāng)?shù)慕忉?、例證和/或細(xì)節(jié)體現(xiàn)出一致、遞進(jìn)、連貫的特點(diǎn)。但是存在偶爾沒(méi)必要的重復(fù)、離題或是不清楚的聯(lián)系;語(yǔ)言熟練，能使用出不同的句法和詞匯。但是在結(jié)構(gòu)、詞匯、或是習(xí)慣用法上存在明顯的次要錯(cuò)誤，盡管這些錯(cuò)誤并不影響意思的表達(dá)。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作3分作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

此分?jǐn)?shù)的文章有以下問(wèn)題：針對(duì)話題完成任務(wù)時(shí)所用的解釋、例證和/或細(xì)節(jié)沒(méi)有充分展開(kāi);體現(xiàn)一致、遞進(jìn)、連貫的特點(diǎn)，但是偶爾出現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)的聯(lián)系不清;造句和選詞的不熟悉使得文章缺乏清晰度，并且偶爾使意思含混不清;句式結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯使用準(zhǔn)確但是存在局限性。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作2分作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

此分?jǐn)?shù)的文章有以下不足：針對(duì)話題完成任務(wù)時(shí)論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)有限;結(jié)構(gòu)不太清晰或論點(diǎn)之間的聯(lián)系不充分;支持或是闡述論點(diǎn)時(shí)所使用的解釋、例證和/和細(xì)節(jié)不合適或不充分;存在明顯的選詞和/或拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤;句子結(jié)構(gòu)和/或用法上存在大量的錯(cuò)誤。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作1分作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

此得分的作文存在以下嚴(yán)重缺陷：文章嚴(yán)重缺乏組織和展開(kāi);細(xì)節(jié)很少，或根本沒(méi)有、或不相關(guān)、或是完成任務(wù)是存在很大的問(wèn)題;句子結(jié)構(gòu)或用法存在嚴(yán)重又頻繁的錯(cuò)誤。

托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作0分作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

僅僅是從題目中抄句子，拒絕針對(duì)話題寫(xiě)作，或所寫(xiě)和話題根本無(wú)關(guān)，或用其他語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)作，或文中只包括無(wú)意義的鍵盤(pán)符號(hào)，或是什么也不寫(xiě)。

總而言之，考生想要實(shí)現(xiàn)作文提分目標(biāo)，了解評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可謂是關(guān)鍵一步，因此本文內(nèi)容還請(qǐng)大家認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)記熟，為托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作高分作文打好基礎(chǔ)。

托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)料庫(kù)積累：獨(dú)自旅行(一)

托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)料庫(kù)積累:獨(dú)自旅行

1 Learn more about yourself. Discover yourself.

Once you set off on a solo journey to unknown place, you start getting to know yourself much better. You are on your own. You start listening to your heart and you are finally able to achieve some level of internal equilibrium and focus of mind. You start to discover yourself once again – things you are capable of, things you are afraid or scared of. You face your fears and you defeat them. There is no stress around andyou feel alive.

2 Make new friends. Speak to strangers.

Meet people. Speak to strangers. Have fun. Observe.

When we travel with companions, we tend to stick to that group of people and even though we try our best to get to know new people, the dynamics and interactions will certainly not be as deep and fulfilling. I’ve noticed that when I am on my own on the road, I’m definitely more eager to chat with locals, meet travel buddies, team up with other travelers and generally reach out more in order to socialize. It seems so natural. Travelling solo definitely enables you to speak directly to some locals and stop being shy with people. In this way, you can make new friend and gain valuable insider knowledge about wherever you are.

3 Experience new things.

When you travel solo, people are more open and direct with you. Thus, you can experience more new things than you would when travelling with someone. People will invite you home and welcome you warmly in their place. They will share everything they have with you, sometimes giving you more than they possess. You willnotice their smile and small gestures you often ignore when travelling with someone else by your side.

4 Freedom. Peace. Flexibility.

Take the risk. Embrace the world. Feel free.

When you travel on your own, you are definitely more flexible with time, next destination and decisions you make. You team up with travel buddies you like the most and end up expanding your travel plans. You are free to change your plans whenever you want to. You are free to sleep as long as you want to. You can hitchhike, hike, dance on the beach, change your destination at last minute without stress and compromises. When you travel, you are open to change and you will welcome it with open arms. No more fitting into a group’s agenda. No more explanations or disappointing anyone. You just follow rhythm, heart and mind.

5. Loneliness? What’s that?

In fact, when travelling solo, you will never feel lonely. Once you get to any hostel or hotel and you will see plenty of solo travelers who are in the same boat. You all travel for the same reasons, you all miss home at some point and you all want to experience new things. It is incredible to see how much you have in common with people who you have not met before. You get to know each other, you make friends and keep in touch. We meet once again after some time in a different place and you all laugh at all of these awkward and unforgettable moments you shared together.

托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)料庫(kù)積累：獨(dú)自旅行(二)

托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)料庫(kù)積累:獨(dú)自旅行

6 Overcome your fears. Challenge your insecurities.

A plate of snake meat I challenged to eat

What does not kill you, makes you stronger and that’s so true. When you are left on your own, you start fighting for what really matters to you. You overcome the fear of heights, darkness, spiders or even new food. The more you travel, the less you fear. As long as you make regular solo trips, you will feel more confident each time, no matter what your fear is which is also a good excuse to travel regularly.

7 Indulge in anything you want without being judged.

Without a doubt, eating is one of the most enjoyable aspects of travel. Be it street food or in a restaurant. Once you start travelling solo, you also start appreciating food more and you will end up eating things that you would normally not eat at home. Youbecome more adventurous with food. You can finally take in all the Thai pad thai, Italian pizza, Belgian macaroons and Chinese dumplings you find on your travels if you so desire without worrying about other people noticing!

8 Save money.

Travel solo and save money

In most cases, you can find travelling solo cheaper than travelling with someone. Why? Nobody teases you with local delicacies so it is easier to resist the temptation and spend less money on food (my case). You are also more likely to buy less souvenirs and useless gadgets. More importantly, your travel companion might prefer more convenient and expensive way of travelling and it’s sometimes awkward to say “Sorry, it’s too expensive for me”.

9 Gain confidence.

When you travel solo you might face various problems, make decisions and even take some risk on your own. All these situations will, with no doubts, make you stronger, braver and much more confident though. Being alone on the road is a great challenge and as we know the challenges make us grow stronger and wiser not only as travellers but also as human-beings. When travelling on your own you can learn many skills such as time management and decision making.

10 No drama.

How many times did you argue with your travel buddies? How many times did you have to meet him/her half-way? If things do not go well, the entire trip can be a miserable, drama-filled time you’d love to forget. There is no drama when you travel on your own. No arguments. No fights.

To sum up, we should not be scared to set off for a solo journey! For some people it might be a tough decision and a weird feeling for the first days of solo expedition, but at the end of the day you will not regret it as it’s much more adventurous and challenging, it shapes your personality and gives you enormous possibilities to test yourself.

托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)料庫(kù)積累：未來(lái)的學(xué)生們是否不再使用紙媒書(shū)籍

托福寫(xiě)作思路拓展

紙媒書(shū)籍存在的理由和不可替代性：

1. 無(wú)論電子閱讀多么便利和有趣，很多學(xué)生改變不了用紙媒書(shū)籍學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣。例如，我的同齡人，他們不習(xí)慣也不喜歡電子書(shū)，尤其是以電子書(shū)作為教科書(shū)，因?yàn)殡娮娱喿x極其不便，無(wú)法隨時(shí)地做標(biāo)記和筆記。

2. 對(duì)比其他的電子讀物，傳統(tǒng)的紙媒有其優(yōu)勢(shì)。具體而言，很多電子小說(shuō)可隨意發(fā)表，質(zhì)量難保證，但是，紙媒書(shū)籍，比較而言，內(nèi)容優(yōu)質(zhì)。例如，作為文學(xué)愛(ài)好者，我喜歡閱讀文學(xué)作品，網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說(shuō)很少吸引我，因?yàn)槠鋬?nèi)容比較庸俗，文筆很差，極少帶來(lái)閱讀快感。相反，我自己喜歡閱讀一本名為《作家》的雜志，我不讀網(wǎng)絡(luò)雜志，因?yàn)槟玫揭槐拘聲?shū)的感覺(jué)很踏實(shí)，淡淡的墨香激發(fā)我立刻閱讀的興趣。

手機(jī)閱讀或網(wǎng)絡(luò)閱讀的好處：(讓步段)

我承認(rèn)，電子閱讀也有其流行的理由，例如：儲(chǔ)存量大，攜帶便利，價(jià)格低廉，資源豐富，比較環(huán)保。但是，我想反駁的是：電子閱讀也有其弊端。比如，長(zhǎng)期接觸電子輻射有害視力，另外，電子書(shū)庫(kù)信息量很大，有時(shí)候，我們反而無(wú)從選擇自己的喜歡的書(shū)籍。

托福寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)

1. printed books n印刷書(shū)籍

2. e-reading n電子閱讀

3. deeply rooted reading habit n 根深蒂固的閱讀習(xí)慣

4. can never replace traditional way of reading v永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的閱讀方式

5. A and B are not mutually exclusive …… 和 …… 不是互相排斥的

托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)料庫(kù)

1. The past century has witnessed tremendous technological progress and these changes re-shaped some people’s reading choices.

一百年來(lái)，科技在進(jìn)步，這種進(jìn)步也改變了很多人的閱讀選擇。

解析：tremendous = great 巨大的

2. People still read, however，some people might have different preferences such as on-line reading or appreciating their favorite books via the cell phone.

人們依然在閱讀，但是，人們的喜好也許在變化，例如很多人喜歡網(wǎng)絡(luò)閱讀和手機(jī)閱讀。

解析：via prep通過(guò)

3. Some people argue that if the popularity of e-reading keeps expanding at current rate, our reading will be dominated by on-line or cell phone reading two decades later.

有人認(rèn)為如果電子閱讀以這樣的速度上升，20年后，手機(jī)閱讀和網(wǎng)絡(luò)閱讀最終將會(huì)占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。

4. It is true that the number of reading printed books is， to some extent，declining, but, this trend does not necessarily indicate conventional way of reading will give way to e-reading.

的確，那些閱讀印刷書(shū)籍的人數(shù)在一定程度上減少，但是，這不一定意味著電子閱讀會(huì)取代傳統(tǒng)閱讀。

5. The quality of many e-books cannot be ensured because almost every individual can publish articles on line，conversely，reading printed books with excellent contents can stir readers’ imagination, tap their creativity and deepen their insights into their lives.

因?yàn)閹缀跞巳丝梢园l(fā)表網(wǎng)絡(luò)文章，所以，很多電子讀物的質(zhì)量難以保障，相反，閱讀內(nèi)容優(yōu)質(zhì)的紙媒書(shū)籍可以激發(fā)人的想象力，開(kāi)發(fā)人的創(chuàng)造性，加深人對(duì)于生活的洞察。

6. Indeed，I have to concede that many readers，especially teenagers, seem to be drawn to the popular e-reading.

我承認(rèn)，很多人，尤其是青少年讀者，似乎被被流行的電子閱讀所吸引。

7. Nonetheless，I want to rebut that on no account can we neglect the downsides triggered by e-reading.

但是，我想反駁的是任何情況下我們不能忽視電子閱讀帶來(lái)的弊端。

8. First，as for some of my peers，it is hard for them to change deeply rooted habit of reading printed books or newspapers.

對(duì)于我的很多同齡人而言，他們很難改變根深蒂固的閱讀紙媒的習(xí)慣。

9. No matter how convenient or amusing e-reading is，I still have a preference for reading printed newspapers and magazines.

無(wú)論電子閱讀多么便利和有趣，我依然喜歡閱讀印刷版的報(bào)紙雜志。

10. For example，as a literature fancier，I take keen interest in reading a magazine entitled Writer，I can either read printed book or and enjoy on-line magazine， however， I still have a sentimental attachment to the traditional way of reading .

例如，我是文學(xué)發(fā)燒友，很喜歡閱讀一本名為《作家》的雜志，我可以選擇購(gòu)買(mǎi)書(shū)籍，也可以選擇網(wǎng)絡(luò)閱讀，但是，我始終對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀方式更加依賴.

解析：have a sentimental attachment to 對(duì)于……有情感的依戀

11. The ink fragrance of the book never fails to make me feel at ease, when holding a newly published magazine, I usually have an impulse of browsing the book and make some personal notes immediately .

一本新書(shū)散發(fā)著墨香，拿在手里，比較踏實(shí)，我可以隨時(shí)筆記。

解析：make me feel at ease v使我感到心安

12. E-books enjoy their unique merits. To name just a few, e-books have large storage room, are easy to carry, have rich on-line resources and so on.

電子閱讀有其獨(dú)有的利好, 例如，電子書(shū)存儲(chǔ)量大，攜帶便利，資源豐富等等。

13. Seen from the perspective of health, chronic exposure to the screen might impair one’s eyesight.

從健康的角度而言，長(zhǎng)期接觸電子輻射有害視力。

解析：chronic adj 長(zhǎng)期的

解析：impair one’s eyesight v 有害視力

14. With the availability of an ocean of e-books，sometimes，it is hard for readers to select their favorite books.

電子書(shū)庫(kù)信息量很大，有時(shí)候，讀者反而無(wú)從選擇他們的喜歡的書(shū)籍。

15. The ideal learning effect created by printed books can never be matched by e-reading.

使用紙媒書(shū)籍，效果更佳，電子閱讀，難以實(shí)現(xiàn)。