（一）“只留清氣滿乾坤”——高風亮節(jié)的梅花形象

（1） "Leave only the pure air to fill the universe" -- the image of plum blossom

王安石《梅花》詩中“凌寒獨自開”一句，表現(xiàn)了梅花的不畏嚴寒。王冕《墨梅》詩“不用人夸好顏色，只留清氣滿乾坤”兩句，贊美了梅花的秀雅氣質(zhì)。另外，南宋陳亮的“欲傳春信息，不怕雪埋葬”，贊揚了梅花堅強不屈的精神；元代楊維禎的“萬花敢向雪中開，一樹獨先天下春”，歌頌了梅花凜然特立的氣節(jié)；清代宋匡業(yè)的“獨立風前唯素笑，能超世外自歸真”，表現(xiàn)了梅花超凡脫俗的神韻。

In Wang Anshi's plum blossom, the sentence "Ling Han opens alone" shows that plum blossom is not afraid of severe cold. Wang Mian 's "Mo Mei" poem, "no one praises the color, but leaves the pure air to fill the heaven and earth", praises the elegant temperament of plum blossom. In addition, Chen Liang of the Southern Song Dynasty praised the firm and unyielding spirit of plum blossom "to spread the information of spring without fear of snow burying"; Yang Weizhen of the Yuan Dynasty "thousands of flowers dare to open in the snow, a tree alone precedes the spring of the world", praised the awe inspiring and special integrity of plum blossom; song kuangye of the Qing Dynasty "only laugh before the independent wind, can surpass the world and return to the true", which showed the extraordinary charm of plum blossom.

（二）“零落成泥碾作塵”——不遇于時的梅花形象

（2） "Scattered into mud and crushed into dust" -- the image of plum blossom in the past

劉克莊的《落梅》詩云：“一片能教一斷腸，可堪平砌更堆墻。飄如遷客來過嶺，墜似騷人去赴湘。亂點莓苔多莫數(shù)，偶粘衣袖久猶香。東風謬掌花權(quán)柄，卻忌孤高不主張。”詩中表面上是在贊美梅花，實際上是對自己生不逢時的嘆惋，以及對那些屢遭貶謫卻堅貞不改的“遷客”“騷人”的由衷贊美。“位卑未敢忘憂國”的陸游力主抗金，卻屢遭打擊，最后被排擠出朝?！傲懵涑赡嗄胱鲏m”，是他不遇于時的最后結(jié)局。

Liu Kezhuang's "falling plum" poem says: "one can teach a broken heart, but can build more walls. Floating like a moving guest over the mountains, falling like a poet to Hunan. I can't count the number of raspberry moss in disorder, and even the sticky sleeves are fragrant for a long time. Dongfeng fallacy is in charge of the power of flowers, but we should not be aloof from others. " On the surface, the poem praises plum blossom, in fact, it is a pity for his untimely life, as well as sincere praise for those "emigrants" and "Poets" who have been relegated but remain faithful. Lu You, who was "humble and did not dare to forget to worry about his country", fought against Jin, but was repeatedly attacked and finally pushed out of the dynasty. "Falling into mud and grinding into dust" is the final result when he did not encounter it.

（三）“一樹梅花一放翁”——人梅合一的梅花形象

（3） "A tree of plum blossom and a wild man" -- the image of plum blossom with the unity of human and plum

陸游《卜算子·詠梅》，詞題雖為“詠梅”，但詞人著力表現(xiàn)的不是眼中之梅而是心中之梅，梅花形象是詞人自我的一種折射。詞中，詞人和梅花已經(jīng)合二為一了。林和靖《山園小梅》詩中“疏影橫斜水清淺，暗香浮動月黃昏”一聯(lián)，語意雙關(guān)，它不僅是梅花幽姿絕塵的寫照，也是詩人神韻仙骨的化身。

Lu You's Yongmei, the title of the poem is "Yongmei", but what the poet focuses on is not the plum in his eyes but in his heart. The image of the plum is a reflection of the poet's self. In the CI, the poet and the plum blossom have become one. In Lin Hejing's poem "little plum in the mountain garden", there is a couplet of "thin shadow, slanting water, light fragrance, floating moon and dusk". It has a pun of meaning. It is not only the portrayal of the quiet beauty of plum blossom, but also the embodiment of the poet's charm and immortal bone.

總之，古典詩詞中的梅花，可以說：是身陷逆境卻勇往直前為理想而拼搏的勇者，是趨絕于世清高隱逸不隨波逐流的孤高智者，是亙古至今創(chuàng)作主體心靈世界的客觀對應物。

In a word, the plum blossom in the classical poetry can be said to be a brave man who is in adversity but goes forward bravely to strive for his ideal, a solitary and wise man who is unique in the world and is not drifting with the current, and an objective counterpart of the spiritual world of the creative subject from ancient times to the present.