科學的“雙刃劍”問題，近年來國際上頗為關(guān)注。今天我們在談科學發(fā)展觀、綠色GDP、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的時候，無疑應該更多地關(guān)注科學“雙刃劍”問題。
In recent years, the problem of "double-edged sword" of science has attracted international attention. Today, when we talk about the concept of scientific development, green GDP and sustainable development, there is no doubt that we should pay more attention to the problem of "double-edged sword" of science.
科學的發(fā)展，不但為人類帶來財富，也帶來福祉。然而，今天人們在享受科技發(fā)達所創(chuàng)造的便利、舒適時，也開始為科學發(fā)展所困惑。由信息網(wǎng)絡化所引發(fā)的全球化浪潮，打破了人們安寧恬靜的生活，更多的隱私被暴露于世人面前；神奇的生物技術(shù)，使人們維護自身的倫理道德成為一件十分困難的事情；科學發(fā)展帶來的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，使地球上的自然資源急劇減少，生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化……
The development of science brings not only wealth but also well-being to mankind. However, when people enjoy the convenience and comfort created by the development of science and technology, they begin to be confused by the development of science. The wave of globalization caused by the information networking has broken people's peaceful life, and more privacy has been exposed to the world; the magic biotechnology has made it very difficult for people to maintain their own ethics; the large-scale production brought about by the scientific development has dramatically reduced the natural resources on the earth and worsened the ecological environment
因此，科學史家確信，科學發(fā)展的結(jié)果確實具有兩面性。
Therefore, historians of science are convinced that the results of scientific development do have two sides.
那么，如何趨利避害呢？
So, how to seek benefits and avoid disadvantages?
有學者提出借鑒經(jīng)濟學上赤字的評估方法，即社會發(fā)展是否在自然生態(tài)和社會生態(tài)所能承載的科學發(fā)展限度之內(nèi)。從該角度審視今天科學的發(fā)展，以犧牲生態(tài)環(huán)境為代價的發(fā)展就顯得得不償失。
Some scholars put forward the evaluation method of economic deficit, that is, whether social development is within the scientific development limit of natural ecology and social ecology. From this point of view, the development of today's science, at the expense of the ecological environment, is not worth the loss.
現(xiàn)代化一直是各國追求的夢想，科學的發(fā)展更讓各國加快了追趕的步伐。現(xiàn)代化帶來的城市化造成了森林不斷減少，水資源嚴重匱乏，能源危機頻頻出現(xiàn)，環(huán)境污染日益突出，這些累積的問題成為一筆越來越大的“生態(tài)赤字”。生態(tài)經(jīng)濟學家告訴我們，世界上城市化水平最高的地區(qū)，也正是生態(tài)赤字最嚴重的地區(qū)。
Modernization has always been a dream pursued by all countries, and the development of science has accelerated the pace of catching up. The urbanization brought by modernization has resulted in the continuous reduction of forests, the serious shortage of water resources, the frequent occurrence of energy crisis and the increasingly prominent environmental pollution. These accumulated problems have become an increasingly large "ecological deficit". Ecological economists tell us that the area with the highest level of urbanization in the world is also the area with the most serious ecological deficit.
為了維護生態(tài)和社會的平衡，科學應該在其中尋找自己的發(fā)展方向。當前，在科學發(fā)展觀日益深入人心的時候，科學的發(fā)展在“有所為有所不為”方面如何正確抉擇，某種意義上也是如何取其造福人類的一面，而規(guī)避其負面效應的問題。
In order to maintain the balance between ecology and society, science should seek its own development direction. At present, when the concept of scientific development is more and more popular, how to choose the right way to "do something or not" in the development of science, in a sense, is also how to take the benefit of human beings and avoid its negative effects.
