雄偉壯麗的高樓、川流不息的車輛、熙熙攘攘的人群。城市化和工業(yè)化的水平提高了。但基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施卻嚴(yán)重滯后。污水、煙塵和垃圾的處理能力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于它們的產(chǎn)生量。黃河中上游地區(qū)，只有蘭州、西安、太原有幾座污水處理廠，但處理的數(shù)量和深度與排放量相比，還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。

Majestic tall buildings, endless vehicles, bustling crowds. The level of urbanization and industrialization has increased. But infrastructure is seriously lagging behind. The treatment capacity of sewage, smoke and waste is far lower than their production. There are only a few sewage treatment plants in Lanzhou, Xi'an and Taiyuan in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, but the quantity and depth of treatment are far from enough compared with the discharge.

俗話說“魚兒離不開水”，可在這樣的毒水中，魚兒一天也不能生存，如果魚兒會(huì)上樹，或許黃河里的珍貴魚種不至于基本滅絕。

As the saying goes, "fish can't live without water", but in such poisonous water, fish can't survive for a day. If fish can grow trees, maybe the precious fish species in the Yellow River won't be basically extinct.

喝啤酒的人都知道，泡沫越多，啤酒就越好，可是河面上的泡沫越多，只能說明河水的水質(zhì)就越差。

People who drink beer know that the more foam, the better the beer, but the more bubbles on the river surface, the worse the water quality of the river will be.

90年代，每年注入黃河的污水近30億噸，黃河的污水和凈水比例高達(dá)14％。每立方米黃河水中還有52公斤污水。黃河有部分河段的水質(zhì)喪失了飲用功能。我們的母親河，日益疲憊和憔悴。

In the 1990s, nearly 3 billion tons of sewage were injected into the Yellow River every year, and the proportion of sewage and purified water in the Yellow River was as high as 14%. There are still 52 kilograms of sewage per cubic meter of Yellow River water. The water quality of some reaches of the Yellow River has lost its drinking function. Our mother river, increasingly tired and haggard.

鋪天蓋地的垃圾，就在黃河岸邊附近堆放，風(fēng)吹日曬，雨水浸淋。高濃度的滲濾液透析到地下，對(duì)地下水造成嚴(yán)重威脅，垃圾的滲濾液注入黃河，更使黃河的水質(zhì)污染雪上加霜。黃河流域，露天堆放的垃圾場(chǎng)竟數(shù)以百計(jì)。

The rubbish that covers the sky and earth is piled up near the Bank of the Yellow River. It is exposed to the wind, the sun and the rain. The high concentration of leachate is dialyzed to the underground, which poses a serious threat to the underground water. The landfill leachate is injected into the Yellow River, which makes the water pollution of the Yellow River worse. In the Yellow River Basin, there are hundreds of open dump sites.

黃河流域礦產(chǎn)資源豐富，有石油、天然氣、煤炭等幾十種資源。煤炭開采、石油化工、有色金屬、礦山冶煉、建材水泥，幾乎所有的重污染行業(yè)都集中在黃河中上游地區(qū)。這種畸形的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)加上落后的生產(chǎn)工藝，對(duì)黃河的污染日趨嚴(yán)重。盡管沿黃省市對(duì)治理污染花了巨大的力氣，加大力度，但面對(duì)嚴(yán)重污染，治理的效果往往還是不盡如人意。

The Yellow River Basin is rich in mineral resources, including dozens of resources such as oil, natural gas and coal. Coal mining, petrochemical, non-ferrous metals, mining smelting, building materials and cement, almost all heavy pollution industries are concentrated in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River. This kind of abnormal industrial structure and backward production technology make the pollution of the Yellow River more and more serious. Although the provinces and cities along the Yellow River have made great efforts to control pollution, but in the face of serious pollution, the effect of treatment is often unsatisfactory.

陜西北部，內(nèi)蒙古西南部，山西西北部是著名煤炭產(chǎn)地，號(hào)稱“能源金三角”；山西沿呂梁山、太行山河谷一帶號(hào)稱汾河工業(yè)走廊。70年代到90年代中期，上述地區(qū)能源開發(fā)強(qiáng)度日益增大。這里焦炭生產(chǎn)集中。1996年10月以前，土法煉焦盛行。一堆堆明火，一座座焦?fàn)t，搞得黑煙滾滾，遮云蔽日。用這種粗放型的方式生產(chǎn)，既浪費(fèi)了寶貴的資源，又破壞了生態(tài)。

The north of Shaanxi, the southwest of Inner Mongolia and the northwest of Shanxi are famous coal producing areas, known as the "Golden Triangle of energy"; the area along Luliang Mountain and Taihang mountain valley in Shanxi is known as the Fenhe industrial corridor. From the 1970s to the mid-1990s, the intensity of energy development in the above-mentioned areas increased day by day. Coke production is concentrated here. Before October 1996, indigenous coking prevailed. A pile of open fires, coke ovens, make black smoke rolling, cloud block out the sun. This kind of extensive production not only wastes precious resources, but also destroys the ecology.

1996年《國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的若干問題的決定》對(duì)這些落后的生產(chǎn)方式明令予以取締。

In 1996, the decision of the State Council on Several Issues concerning environmental protection banned these backward modes of production.

超載的土地、龐大的人口，為了吃飯，毀林開荒，棄草種糧，濫墾濫牧，濫采濫伐，使得黃河中上游地區(qū)生態(tài)日趨惡化。茫茫黃河，赤地千里，干燥的氣候、裸露的地表，為沙塵暴的喧囂肆虐掃清了障礙。1998年4月15日，一場(chǎng)歷史上罕見的沙塵暴席卷了半個(gè)中國(guó)，西北地區(qū)“黑云壓城城欲摧”、“風(fēng)沙滾滾來天半”，工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人民生活損失慘重。

Overloaded land and huge population, in order to eat, deforestation, abandoned grass and grain cultivation, excessive cultivation and animal husbandry, excessive mining and deforestation, make the ecology of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River worsen day by day. The vast Yellow River, the vast expanse of red land, the dry climate and the bare surface have cleared the way for the noise of sandstorm. On April 15, 1998, a rare dust storm swept over half of China. In the northwest of China, "black clouds are crushing the city, and the wind and sand are rolling in half of the sky", causing heavy losses in industrial and agricultural production and people's lives.

飽受污染之災(zāi)的兩岸人民啊，快行動(dòng)起來，一起來拯救黃河，治理黃河吧！

People on both sides of the Straits suffering from pollution, hurry up, save the Yellow River and harness it!

1.將市場(chǎng)機(jī)制引入污染防治領(lǐng)域。通過市場(chǎng)作用，從原來“誰污染誰治理”的企業(yè)個(gè)體行為，引申為市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下的社會(huì)分工和供求關(guān)系，形成社會(huì)化、專業(yè)化的環(huán)保企業(yè)乃至環(huán)保行業(yè)，向污染責(zé)任方提供商業(yè)性環(huán)保服務(wù)，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境治理市場(chǎng)化、社會(huì)化、企業(yè)化。同時(shí)，在企業(yè)比較集中的工業(yè)園區(qū)鼓勵(lì)多家企業(yè)污染處理設(shè)施共建共享和治污設(shè)施專業(yè)化運(yùn)行，提高治污設(shè)施處理效率，降低污染治理費(fèi)用。

1. Introduce market mechanism into the field of pollution prevention and control. Through the role of market, from the original individual behavior of "who pollutes, who governs", it is extended to the social division of labor and the relationship between supply and demand under the conditions of market economy, forming socialized and specialized environmental protection enterprises and even environmental protection industries, providing the pollution responsible party with commercial environmental protection services, and gradually realizing the marketization, socialization and corporatization of environmental governance. At the same time, in the industrial park where enterprises are concentrated, many enterprises are encouraged to build and share pollution treatment facilities and specialized operation of pollution treatment facilities, so as to improve the treatment efficiency of pollution treatment facilities and reduce the cost of pollution treatment.

2.樹立“維持黃河健康生命”的新治河理念。一是劃定黃河水功能區(qū)，根據(jù)黃河水資源量和水流的納污能力，提出各?。▍^(qū)）允許排入黃河的污染物總量，實(shí)行省（區(qū)）際斷面水質(zhì)行政首長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制；二是依法治污，在相關(guān)法規(guī)中明確相應(yīng)的水污染超標(biāo)處罰措施，對(duì)于污染超標(biāo)?。▍^(qū)）要停止審批新的水資源利用項(xiàng)目；三是建立和完善水利、環(huán)保聯(lián)合治污機(jī)制，在排污監(jiān)測(cè)和監(jiān)管處理水污染突發(fā)事件上統(tǒng)一行動(dòng)、團(tuán)結(jié)治污。

2. Set up a new concept of "maintaining the healthy life of the Yellow River". First, delimit the Yellow River water function area, propose the total amount of pollutants allowed to discharge into the Yellow River in each province (region) according to the amount of water resources of the Yellow River and the capacity of water flow to accept pollution, and implement the provincial (region) section water quality executive director responsibility system; second, manage pollution according to law, specify the corresponding punishment measures for water pollution exceeding standards in relevant laws and regulations, and stop approving new water resources for the province (region) with pollution exceeding standards Third, establish and improve the joint pollution control mechanism of water conservancy and environmental protection, and take unified actions and unite in pollution monitoring and supervision and treatment of water pollution emergencies.

3.國(guó)家應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加大力度推行綠色GDP，把環(huán)保工作納入地方黨政一把手的政績(jī)考核。

3. The state should further strengthen the implementation of green GDP, and incorporate environmental protection into the performance assessment of local leaders of the party and government.

4.環(huán)保體制需要進(jìn)一步理順，實(shí)行垂直管理，脫離地方的制約。

4. The environmental protection system needs to be further straightened out, implemented vertical management and separated from local constraints.

5.給予環(huán)保部門更大的執(zhí)法權(quán)。如處罰力度，關(guān)停污染企業(yè)等。

5. Give the environmental protection department greater law enforcement power. Such as punishment, closure of polluting enterprises, etc.

6.地方新上項(xiàng)目論證必須有科學(xué)的決策程序，有環(huán)保部門參與，對(duì)新上項(xiàng)目，如果發(fā)生大的污染事件，實(shí)行事后決策追究制度，以加強(qiáng)地方“一把手”對(duì)黃河污染監(jiān)督管理的自覺性和責(zé)任感。

6. The demonstration of local new projects must have scientific decision-making procedures, with the participation of environmental protection departments. For new projects, in case of major pollution events, the post decision-making and investigation system shall be implemented to strengthen the consciousness and sense of responsibility of local "top leaders" for the supervision and management of Yellow River pollution.

7.應(yīng)該在具備了有效的監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)上，探索建立排污區(qū)域賠償制度，讓過度占有資源者付出應(yīng)有代價(jià)?？梢酝ㄟ^“排污收費(fèi)”的辦法，由河流段面水質(zhì)不達(dá)標(biāo)者，向下游提供補(bǔ)償，迫使沿黃地區(qū)政府加大對(duì)本地區(qū)污染的治理。

7. On the basis of having an effective monitoring network, we should explore the establishment of regional pollution compensation system, so that those who occupy resources excessively will pay their due price. Through the method of "sewage charge", the people who do not meet the water quality standards of the river section can provide compensation to the downstream, forcing the governments along the Yellow River to increase the treatment of local pollution.

這些方法不一定很全，但是個(gè)人認(rèn)為要是做到了的話，黃河也就治理的差不多了吧。最后，希望大家與我一起保護(hù)環(huán)境，共同治理黃河，讓黃河不再變黃。

These methods may not be complete, but I think if they are done, the Yellow River will be almost managed. Finally, I hope that you will work with me to protect the environment and jointly manage the Yellow River so that it will not turn yellow any more.