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托??谡Z高頻熱點話題科技類主題展開思路解讀

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托福口語TASK5是比較有特點的一道綜合口語題,圍繞這道題目如何得分相信大家也看過不少資料和范文。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈?谡ZTASK5得分要點答題思路高分范文實例講解,希望可以幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

托??谡ZTASK5得分要點答題思路高分范文實例講解

托??谡ZTASK5解題技巧分析

托??谡ZTask5難點口語考試第五題考生會聽到一段對話,對話中會有其中一人遇到棘手的問題,之后兩人會討論兩種解決方案。在新托??谡Z考試中,考生其實是有規(guī)律可以依循的,對話中會有非常清晰的提示告知考生哪一個是遇到問題的主角。

例如,考生會聽到:“I’ve got a problem”、“I’d like to…but…”或“I have trouble”等較為明顯的提示句。而在討論解決方案時,也會出現(xiàn)如“If I were you, I would…”、“What you should do is…”及“Why not try…”等句型,讓考生可以非常直觀地找出解決方案。

托??谡ZTASK5解題思路實例講解

下面,讓我們來看一道托福官方??继最}里的題目:

Student A: Hi, good morning! Could you help me with something?

Student B: Uh…maybe. What’s up?

Student A: Well, I’m a first year student.

Student B: Everything going okay?

Student A: Actually no…um…this is a little embarrassing. I think I left my class schedule back in my dorm.

Student B: Um…not a good thing to do on the first day of classes.

Student A: Yeah… so I’m not sure where my class is. I think I remember it was supposed to be here in Smith Hall.

Student B: There is a computer for student use in the student center. You can go over there, look it up and check the room number. But…you’d have to hurry.

Student A: Hm… that’s not a bad idea. I could check my schedule for the whole rest of the day at the same time. I don’t know where any of my other classes are either, but I don’t wanna be late, make a bad impression with the professor on the first day. It’s actually my very first class—Introduction to Psychology.

Student B: Psychology? Oh! Okay, you’re definitely in the right building. And if it’s Introduction to Psychology, it’s gonna be a big class, in which case it probably meets in a big lecture hall. There are only three lecture halls in the building, one on every floor. Just check each floor till you find yours. There is an elevator, so you should be able to move fast.

Student A: Yeah, but I don’t know what the professor looks like or anything. How will I know whether it’s my class or not? It’d be sort of embarrassing, sticking my head into each lecture hall, asking if I was in the right place.

Student B: Well…you might luck out and find it the first time.

雖然我們上文說,口語第五題是綜合型題目中相對簡單的,但是這也是基于考生可以聽懂對話的基礎(chǔ)上。在此對話中,學(xué)生A在開篇就說“Could you help me with something?”, 考生聽到此句的時候,就該警惕,關(guān)鍵句將至。在此學(xué)生支吾幾句后,就把問題陳述出來:“I think I left my class schedule back in my dorm.”??忌枰⒁獾氖?,有的時候其中一個話語者講完問題后,另一個人很有可能會不廢話,直接講出其中的一個解決方案。如上文中B學(xué)生就直接給出提議:“There is a computer for student use in the student center. You can go over there, look it up and check the room number.”。

考生需注意,在解決方案出現(xiàn)后,有問題的話語者通常也會將此解決方案的缺點講出:“but I don’t wanna be late, make a bad impression with the professor on the first day.”因此,另外一人才會繼續(xù)討論第二個解決方案:“Just check each floor till you find yours.”考生也需要將其相對應(yīng)的缺點找出,即:“but I don’t know what the professor looks like or anything. How will I know whether it’s my class or not?”以上則為第五題聽力里面考生需要挑選出來的重點。如果考生能夠?qū)⑸鲜鰩c把握好,那么結(jié)合了自己的選擇和理由后,就不難拿到理想的分數(shù)了。下面我們來看一篇高分例文。

托??谡ZTASK5高分范文分享

The man didn’t take his class schedule with him and it’s his first day in the college, so he couldn’t find his classroom. The woman offers two possible solutions. The first solution is that he can go to use the computer in the computer center to check the schedule. But it’ll take some time to go there and he doesn’t want to be late for his first class. The second solution is that he can just go to big classrooms in the building to check which one is the class he is going to take. But he thinks it’ll be embarrassing if he goes into a classroom and asks if he is in the right room. I would recommend him to go to the computer center, since he didn’t take his class schedule, it’s necessary to check all classes for the whole day. Maybe he’ll be late for his first class, but at least he won’t feel embarrassed for the rest of the day.

此范文邏輯清晰,包含了聽力里面的所有細節(jié)點,亦可以為考生提供一定的回答模板:總結(jié)問題—過渡句講明有兩個解決方案--第一個解決方案+缺點--第二個解決方案+缺點--個人立場+原因。而且在考生自己講述立場的原因時,也借用了聽力原文里面出現(xiàn)過的原因:check all classes for the whole day。

解析托??谡Z評判標準

托福口語考試的宗旨

測試考生在真實的校園生活和學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境中交流的能力。與現(xiàn)行的托??荚囅啾?,新托??荚嚢堰\用語言或文字表達個人觀點的主觀題作為主導(dǎo),而以往占很大比例的客觀題(如選擇題、是非題)則很自然地退居到次要地位。

以往那種靠語言知識判斷,僅僅選出一個正確答案,或回答“Yes”或“No”的考試不再復(fù)返。這樣一來,考生如想通過新托??荚?,真正憑借的將不再是 “正誤選擇劃勾”(正確幾率占25%)的能力,而是自如駕馭語言實現(xiàn)交流的真本事!具體體現(xiàn)在新托??谡Z考試中,就是讓考生閱讀文字信息,聽一段課堂演講或發(fā)生在校園里的對話之后,針對內(nèi)容綜合復(fù)述,回答問題,實現(xiàn)語言輸入和輸出的相對關(guān)聯(lián),從而判斷出考生的實際語言應(yīng)用能力。

托??谡Z學(xué)習(xí)建立在語言技能綜合循環(huán)

顯然,這類以語言內(nèi)容為重點的考試要求考生不僅具有一定的語言知識(知道怎樣說),同時更重要的是還須具備語言以外的社會、文化、科學(xué)等方面的知識 (知道說什么)。新托福口語考試完全模擬真實的校園生活與學(xué)術(shù)交流環(huán)境,話題將會涉及眾多領(lǐng)域:社會、文化、科學(xué)、歷史、宗教等等。因此,它要求考生對于知識的掌握不一定要“很淵”,但一定要“較博”,也即要有內(nèi)容可講,要知道“說什么”并且能夠說出來。

其實,對于托??荚嚨耐瑢W(xué)來說做到“知道說什么”較容易,但要通過另一種語言(非母語)清楚而準確地表達出來則不是件易事,特別是在沒有多少時間去考慮、去組織語言的情況下就更是如此。在托??荚囘@樣較高水平的語言測試中,語言不應(yīng)只是“Baby Sentences”,而應(yīng)追求“簡潔、準確、流暢”的更高境界。新托??谡Z考試眾多領(lǐng)域的話題為考生拓展了彰顯語言能力的空間,而在這廣大的空間里考生是否有所作為,當然要靠自己的真本事即扎實的語言功底和較廣博的知識面。

既“知道怎樣說”(包括應(yīng)試托??谡Z技巧),更“知道說什么”(實質(zhì)內(nèi)容),這樣的考生才能適應(yīng)新托??谡Z考試的要求,才能在“注重能力、淡化技巧”的新托??谡Z考試中立于不敗之地。

通過上面的介紹相信大家對于如何進行托??谡Z學(xué)習(xí)都有了了解了,托??荚囍凶钭屓藶殡y的就是托??谡Z,很多人都有著強大的筆試能力,但是說起來就一籌莫展了,各位還需要繼續(xù)提高。

托??谡Z:六項原則幫你遠離Chinglish

1、我們必須學(xué)會美國人怎樣描述東西。從描述上來講,由于中美的文化不同會產(chǎn)生很大的差異。我們描述東西無外乎把它放在時間和空間兩個坐標上去描述。美國人對空間的描述總是由內(nèi)及外,由里及表。而中國人正好相反。從時間上來說,中國人是按自然的時間順序來描述。我們描述一個東西突然停住時,往往最后說的那個地方是最重要的。美國人在時間的描述上先把最重要的東西說出來,然后再說陪襯的東西。只有發(fā)生悲劇性的事件,美國人才在前面加上鋪墊。

2、如何用英文簡單界定一個東西的技巧。美國人和美國人交談80%是想告訴對方這個事物是什么。我們的課本盡管詞匯難度不斷加深,但思維邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)卻只停留在一個水平上。中國人常說Where is the book (這本書在哪兒)?很少有人說What is a book (書是什么)?而美國的小學(xué)生就開始問:what is thebook?這種Where is the book 只是思維的描述階段。但是我們想連大學(xué)生也很難回答What is a book?因為中國傳統(tǒng)英語教學(xué)模式?jīng)]有教會學(xué)生表達思想的技巧。

3、要有猜測能力。為什么美國人和美國人、中國人和中國人之間交流很少產(chǎn)生歧義?就是因為他我們之間能“猜測”。我們的教學(xué)不提倡“猜測”。但我們覺得猜測對學(xué)好美國口語很重要。在交流中,有一個詞你沒有聽懂,你不可能馬上去查字典,這時候就需要猜測來架起一座橋梁來彌補這個缺口,否則交流就會中斷。中國人學(xué)習(xí)口語講究背誦,背句型、背語調(diào),結(jié)果就是很多人講口語的時候講著講著眼就開始向上翻,實際上是在記憶中尋找曾經(jīng)背過的東西。如果他要是能猜測的話,我們認為也就不會出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象。

4、如果已經(jīng)學(xué)會界定,但理解還有偏差,那就要訓(xùn)練How to explain things in different ways(用不同的方式解釋同一事物)。一種表達式對方不懂,美國人會尋找另一種表達式最終讓對方明白。因為事物就一個,但表達它的語言符號可能會很多。這就要多做替換練習(xí)。傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方法也做替換練習(xí),但這種替換不是真替換,只是語言層面的替換,而不是思維層面的替換。比如, I love you(我愛你)。按我們教學(xué)的替換方法就把you 換成her,my mother 等,這種替換和小學(xué)生練描紅沒有什么區(qū)別。這種替換沒有對智力構(gòu)成挑戰(zhàn),沒有啟動思維。這種替換句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)沒變,我們聽不懂I love you,肯定也聽不懂I love her。如果替換為I want to kiss you I want to hug you, I will show my heart to you 等,或者給對方講電影《泰坦尼克號》,告訴對方那就是愛,這樣一來對方可能就明白了。這才叫真正的替換。也就是說用一種不同的方式表達同一個意思,或者一個表達式對方聽不清楚,舉一個簡單易懂的例子來表達,直到對方明白。

5、學(xué)會兩種語言的傳譯能力。這是衡量口語水平的一個最重要標準。因為英語不是我們的母語,我們天生就有自己的母語。很多人都認為學(xué)好外語必須丟掉自己的母語,這是不對的。

6、要學(xué)會使用重要的美國習(xí)語。不容易學(xué)、易造成理解困惑的東西就是“習(xí)語”。比如北京人說蓋了帽兒了,外國人很難理解,這就是習(xí)語。所以和美國人交流時,能適當?shù)剡\用美國習(xí)語,他馬上就會覺得很親切,也很愛和你交流。那么什么是習(xí)語?就是每個單詞你都認識,但把它我們組合在一起,你就不知道是什么意思了。

當你真正理解的理解了美國人的思維方式,了解了英語的語法結(jié)構(gòu),把英語作為一種興趣來學(xué),相信肯定能夠幫你輕松應(yīng)對托??荚嚒8嗤懈?谡Z練習(xí)技巧、托??谡Z機經(jīng)等資料可登陸新東方教育托??荚囶l道,小編祝大家學(xué)習(xí)愉快!

巧用馬斯洛需求層次理論回答托??谡Z題目

需求層次理論(Maslow's hierarchy of needs)由美國心理學(xué)家亞伯拉罕·馬斯洛(Abraham Harold Maslow ) 1943年提出, 全面的回答了人為什么活著這個命題。此需求理論金字塔從最低級到最高級分別是生理需求、安全需求、社會社交需求、尊重的需求和自我實現(xiàn)的需求。接下來我們就結(jié)合托福真題逐個分析馬斯洛需求層次理論是如何應(yīng)用于托??谡Z的。

· 生理需求Physiological Needs

人最基本的、也是最急迫的需求就是生理需求如衣食住行food, clothes and shelter. 請看這道題:

When choosing a university, which of the following factors do you care about most: cost, size location? Why this characteristic is the most important to you?

當你選擇大學(xué)的時候你是看重成本、大小還是地方并給出具體的原因,看似此題跟基本生理需求沒有任何關(guān)系,如果我們選擇location的話不難發(fā)現(xiàn)一個大城市可以更好的滿足人最基本的生理需求。吃貨可以去fancy restaurants,沒衣服穿了可以去shopping mall購物, 無聊了還可以去bar或者coffee shop消遣,而針對這些需求大城市相對于小地方更容易滿足人最基本的生理需求。

參考段子:

I would say location is the most important factor I care about, cuz if I chose to study in a big city like New York, Boston and Los Angeles, I would get a better chance not to get bored. I am the kind of person who likes the hustle bustle of big cities, I can explore the culinary delights in the fancy restaurants, going to the shopping mall to choose my outfits, and whenever I feel really fed up with my study I can always go to the bars and coffee shops to hang out with my friend.

解析:以上的段子里面有細節(jié)如城市名稱紐約、波士頓和洛杉磯,當然也有好多店鋪的細節(jié):餐廳、商場、咖啡館和酒吧,這些細節(jié)巧妙的結(jié)合了馬斯洛需求層次理論中最基本的生理需求。

· 安全需求 Safety and Security Needs

在滿足生理需求之后,人還渴望得到安全穩(wěn)定如選擇一個安全的社區(qū)居住,尋求工作上的安全,生病了有醫(yī)療保險或是足夠的錢看病等等。請看以下題目:

If you had some extra money, would spend it right away or save it? Which choice do you prefer and why? Include details in your explanation.

參考段子:

Personally, I would say I am a conservative person and like to save some money for future use. When we have enough food and proper shelter to live, we also have to think about our safety, like what if you had a bad accident and are in urgent need some of money and have no money to spend. Saving the money for future emergency sounds like a better option for me.

解析:

結(jié)合馬斯洛需求層次理論,上面的段子在說明滿足基本需求之外,人還需要安全感進而引到自己的觀點上來,如果哪一天出現(xiàn)意外沒有錢咋辦,通過這個例子說明要未雨綢繆防患于未然。

再如這個題目:

Describe your most favorite place for vocation.

這道題我們可以結(jié)合前兩個需求即生理需求和安全需求來回答,關(guān)于生理需求(吃喝玩樂)我們就不贅述請參考地點語料庫。針對安全需求可以說:

X.X.X.X is also a very safe place. A place where a women can walk on the streets alone in the middle of the night without fear is pretty hard to find, and during my stay in X.X.X, sometime I find it hard to fall asleep and I often take late night walks along the beach and never had any problems, it is such a safe place.

· 社會社交需求

作為social beings,人類在滿足以上基本需求之外都渴求家庭幸福、愛情美滿、并尋求社會的歸屬感。請看題目:

Describe an activity you tried and enjoyed recently.

參考段子:

The activity that I have done recently a volunteering work I did, actually it is a program focusing on the education quality of underprivileged(弱勢群體的) kids, I went to the poverty-stricken region of my country together with other members and taught there for a week. I have been taught by my parents to be loving person from day one, and I think this was a really meaningful experience, cuz I feel like the unlucky kids deserve a sense of belonging to the community and love from others.

解析: 這個段子提高自己去偏遠地區(qū)支教,并指出一個人要懷有憐憫之心,而能幫助貧困地區(qū)的兒童學(xué)點知識有助于培養(yǎng)他們對社會的歸屬感。

再如:Describe a big decision you have made recently.

參考段子:

Well, I would say a major decision that I made recently is to study in America. Actually, it takes a long time to decide, you know there are lots of challenges if I study there, like language barriers, cultural shock and stuff.

But I finally made the decision, cuz I think I should focus on the bright side of going there, like I would experience the things that I never got a chance to, I can interact with my counterparts and exchange refreshing ideas, by socializing with local students, it is possible for me to learn their culture, customs, way of living and thus I can broaden my horizon and enrich my experience.

解析:

第一段是個lead in, 提出去美國學(xué)習(xí)挑戰(zhàn)并舉例如語言障礙、文化差異,但很快就進入主題,出國之后可以了解異域文化、生活習(xí)慣風土人情,在跟他們的社交和交流中更是可以拓寬視野、豐富人生經(jīng)歷。

· 尊重的需求Need of Respect

這是更高的需求如成就、名聲、地位、晉升機會公開獎勵和表揚等。尊重需求既包括對成就或自我價值的個人感覺,也包括他人對自己的認可與尊重。

Do you agree or disagree: Students should wear uniform in school? Please include specific details and examples in your opinion.

參考段子:

I definitely agree that students to wear uniforms in school. Requiring students to wear uniforms cultivates students' strong sense of belonging to their school, and also students might feel very proud and receive the gory and recognition whenever they are wearing their school uniforms.

解析:建議學(xué)生穿校服,可以增加他們的歸屬和榮譽感-尊重的需求。

· 自我實現(xiàn)的需求 the Need of Self-actualization

人活在世上絕非吃喝玩樂,在滿足以上需求后要做點讓自己沒有白白來到這個世界的事情,也就是實現(xiàn)自己的價值。

請看題目:

If you get a chance to choose a job, what will you do? What’s your reason for choosing this job? Please give your statement and include specific examples and details in your opinion.

參考段子:

I would say my dream job is to be a lawyer, actually my dream to an attorney can be dated back to my childhood. It takes lots of work to be lawyer, you need to go to law school and pass the bar. However, I think since I am so determined and motivated, that won't be a big problem.

解析:第一句話回答問題說明想做律師,雖然是個挑戰(zhàn)相信自己的堅持一定會實現(xiàn)。

Lawyer is a noble profession with big monetary reward, but I think there is more than that, I can leverage the law to help the underprivileged and unlucky ones in the society, like those who got ripped off by employers, got taken advantaged by unfair institutions, and I think it is a noble cause, indeed, being a lawyer, one can realize their value to society by helping these people out.

解析:闡述做律師不僅賺錢,更重要的是可以幫助更多的弱勢群體,實現(xiàn)自己的社會價值。



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