推理題是托福閱讀中讓很多同學望而生畏的題型，因為該類題對段落細節(jié)理解和選項分析要求非常高，下面小編就和大家分享托福閱讀推理題，希望能夠幫助到你們，快來一起學習吧。

托福閱讀推理題

具體來看，推理題的解題思路主要有如下三步：

第一步審題，分析題干關鍵信息用以確定原文考點句。就一般規(guī)律而言，題干的關鍵詞在原文中會出現(xiàn)一兩處，并且鄰近幾句中出現(xiàn)。所以先分析和確定題干中的關鍵詞，再迅速掃讀原文確定出題句很重要。

第二步定位，根據(jù)題干的關鍵詞，在段落中掃讀縮小出題范圍，特別要留意語法結(jié)構(gòu)負責的長難句，同學往往比較容易略讀而跳過了關鍵詞。對應要點，找到出題句，然后著重分析長難句。

第三步核實，分析選項并確定正確選項。推理題的正確選項有兩類特征，一是跟原文信息進行反推;二是從大范圍推小范圍，即分析原理句和舉例句之間的關系。

我們以官方真題Official5第1篇文章MINERALS AND PLANTS為例，分析下推理題的解題思路。

官方真題Official5-1

題目解析：第一步：審題和分析題干關鍵詞，題干的相關信息standard practices for remediation of contaminated soils，然后掃讀段落，確定出題句，因此著重在第二步解析長難句。

第二步：定位且鎖定出題句：After several years ofcultivation and harvest, the site would be restored at a cost much lower thanthe price of excavation and reburial, the standard practice for remediation ofcontaminated soils.

精讀長難句：After several years ofcultivation and harvest, the site would be restored at a cost much lower thanthe price of excavation and reburial, the standard practice for remediation ofcontaminated soils.

提煉相關信息：lower than之前都是指本段主題題phytoremediation的特征，

(1)After several years ofcultivation and harvest 經(jīng)過多年的栽培和收割

(2)the site would be restored at acost much lower原址修復費用相比而言較低

第三步：分析選項

A. does not allow for the use of the removedminerals for industrial purposes.【未提及】

B. can be faster to implement

【跟原句信息(1)矛盾】

C. is equally friendly to the environment

【并非出現(xiàn)在出題句，沒有構(gòu)成比較關系】

D. is less suitable for soils that need to be usedwithin a short period of time.

【可以根據(jù)信息(1)(2)反推得出】

規(guī)律點評：推理題一般以反推為主，找到出題句并仔細分析核心信息非常關鍵。希望考生在備考推理題時，可以積極思考并總結(jié)原句和推理句之間的邏輯關系，今后遇到推理題的時候解題更加游刃有余。

托福閱讀長難句：植物體

These include conducting vessels that transport water and minerals upward from the roots and that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body and the stiffening substance lignin, which support the plant body, helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight. (TPO25, 47)

vessel /'ves(?)l/ n. 船(尤指大船)，艦;容器, 器皿;管狀結(jié)構(gòu)，血管，導管

photosynthetic /?f?ut?sin'θetik/ adj. 光合作用的

stiffen /'st?fn/vt. (使某物)變得(更加)堅硬﹑僵硬

lignin /'l?gn?n/n. ‘化學’木質(zhì)素

These include conducting vessels (that transport water and minerals upward from the roots) and (that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body) and the stiffening substance lignin, (which support the plant body), (helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight.) (TPO25, 47)

修飾一：(that transport water and minerals upward from the roots) ，從句，修飾conducting vessels

中文：從根部向上運輸水與礦物質(zhì)

修飾二：(that move the photosynthetic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant body) ，從句，修飾conducting vessels，注意其中有個from to的介詞短語，從葉子到植物體的其余部分

中文：從葉子向植物體內(nèi)其余各部分運輸光合作用產(chǎn)物

修飾三：(which support the plant body) ，從句，修飾substance lignin

中文：維持植物體的生命

修飾四：(helping it expose maximum surface area to sunlight.) ，非謂語動詞

中文：有助于植物體大部分表面暴露于陽光之下

參考翻譯：

這些包括導管(用來從根部向上運輸水與礦物質(zhì)以及從葉子向植物體其余各部分運輸光合作用產(chǎn)物)和堅硬的物質(zhì)木質(zhì)素(用來維持植物體的生命，有助于植物體大部分表面暴露于陽光之下)。

托福閱讀長難句：植物減少水分流失

They include roots or rootlike structures, a waxy cuticle that covers the surfaces of leaves and stems and limits the evaporation of water, and pores called stomata in leaves and stems that allow gas exchange but close when water is scarce, thus reducing water loss. (TPO25, 46)

waxy /'w?ks?/ adj. 蠟狀的

cuticle /'kj?t?kl/ n. ‘植物’角皮，角質(zhì)層;表皮，外皮

scarce /ske?s/ adj. 不足的，稀有的

They include roots or rootlike structures, (a waxy cuticle)(that covers the surfaces of leaves and stems and limits the evaporation of water), and pores (called stomata)(in leaves and stems)(that allow gas exchange but close when water is scarce, thus reducing water loss). (TPO25,46)

分析：

這個句子的主干就是：

They include roots or rootlike structures and pores

修飾一：(a waxy cuticle) ，同位語

中文：一種蠟狀角質(zhì)層

修飾二：(that covers the surfaces of leaves and stems and limits the evaporation of water) ，從句，修飾a waxy cuticle

中文：覆蓋在葉子和莖表面并且限制水分蒸發(fā)

修飾三：(called stomata) ，修飾pores

中文：稱之為氣孔

修飾四：(in leaves and stems) ，介詞短語

中文：在葉子和莖上

修飾五：(that allow gas exchange but close when water is scarce, thus reducing water loss) ，從句，修飾pores，但是注意這個從句里還有三個修飾成分，瘋了!!!

從句：but close

從句：when water is scarce

非謂語動詞： thus reducingwater loss

中文：保證氣體交換但當水分不足時則會關閉，從而減少水分流失

參考翻譯：

他們包括根部或類似根部的結(jié)構(gòu)(一種覆蓋在葉子和莖表面并限制水分蒸發(fā)的蠟狀角質(zhì)層)以及在葉子和莖上的稱之為氣孔的毛孔(這些毛孔保證氣體交換但當水分不足時則會關閉，從而減少水分流失)。