自漢武帝委派董仲舒修文制道，采納其“罷黜百家，獨(dú)尊儒術(shù)”以來(lái)，儒學(xué)以正統(tǒng)思想的地位在中國(guó)近兩千多年的歷史中站穩(wěn)了腳。到底是什么讓這部儒家經(jīng)典如此深攏人心，讓人發(fā)出“半部論語(yǔ)治天下”的感慨？
Since Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty appointed Dong Zhongshu to revise the system of literature and Taoism, and adopted his idea of "deposing hundreds of schools and respecting Confucianism alone", Confucianism has been firmly established in the history of China for more than 2000 years. What is it that makes this Confucian classic so popular and makes people sigh that "half of the Analects govern the world"?
細(xì)細(xì)揣摩《論語(yǔ)》，字里行間見識(shí)到的，竟是一位鮮活無(wú)比的“真人”——儒家學(xué)術(shù)的創(chuàng)始人，孔子。
Carefully pondering the Analects of Confucius, what we can see between the lines is a vivid and incomparable "real person" - Confucius, the founder of Confucianism.
孔子的性，即品性，追求周禮，發(fā)揚(yáng)愛人的精神。作為對(duì)以天下為己任的一名士大夫，他一生都在宣揚(yáng)“仁者，愛人；以德服人，安邦，定國(guó)”的思想。想在春秋這般“滔滔者，天下皆是也”的情形下，欲保持自己的潔都是難事，更何況要極力推行不容于世的政治主張。而他周游列國(guó)，磕絆碰壁，萬(wàn)死不辭。無(wú)論是收距于途兵，絕糧七日，外無(wú)所通，藜羹不充的情形下，還是弟子在危難受阻中表達(dá)出的對(duì)學(xué)說(shuō)的疑惑，發(fā)出“盍少貶焉”的狀況中，孔子一如既往地慷慨講誦，弦歌不絕。想是怎樣一分立于天地間的“正”和“直”，孔子品性的真，體現(xiàn)得如此頑強(qiáng)，如此飽含生命力?？鬃右簧淖非?，為政以德，克己復(fù)禮。在逆境由春秋演變?yōu)閼?zhàn)國(guó)，是世人嬉笑怒罵或崇敬禮拜中評(píng)論“知其不可而為之”時(shí)，他的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)是如此淡定從容。
Confucius's character, that is, character, pursues Zhou Li and develops the spirit of love. As a scholar bureaucrat who takes the world as his own duty, he has been preaching the idea of "benevolent, loving, serving people with virtue, settling the country and setting the country" all his life. In the spring and Autumn period, when "all the world is the same as the surging one", it is difficult to keep yourself clean, let alone vigorously promote the political ideas that are not allowed in the world. And he traveled around the world, stumbling and hitting the wall, never giving up. No matter in the situation of closing the distance between the soldiers on the way, no food for seven days, no way to get around, and no sufficient quinoa soup, or in the situation that the disciples expressed doubts about the theory and sent out "less and less derogation", Confucius as always spoke generously and sang continuously. If you want to know how to distinguish the "right" and "straight" standing between heaven and earth, Confucius's true character embodies such tenacity and vitality. Confucius's pursuit in his whole life is to govern with morality and to punish himself with propriety. When adversity evolved from spring and Autumn period to Warring States period, when the people of the world commented on "knowing it is not possible to do it" in fun, abuse or worship, his strength was so calm and calm.
孔子的情，人情，相比于錚錚鐵骨般的性就顯得可愛得多。如果硬要將孔子圣的光輝比做他的靈魂骨架的話，那么，孔子的情便是使他豐滿、活潑的血肉。之所以在“情”字前放一個(gè)“人”字，就是因?yàn)樗谑廊搜壑懈吒咴谏系墓猸h(huán)下所顯現(xiàn)的人的本質(zhì)——有哭，有笑，有怒，有喜。在得知顏淵的死訊時(shí)，孔子大聲慟哭?！疤靻视?，天喪予。”將內(nèi)心的哀痛展現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致；在子路問(wèn)他“衛(wèi)君待子而為政，子將奚先”，又責(zé)怪他“有是哉，子之迂也”時(shí)，孔子也會(huì)破口大罵：“野哉，回也”；他既能語(yǔ)重心長(zhǎng)地教育弟子”克己復(fù)禮為仁”，也會(huì)因?yàn)槿角鬄榧臼蠑控?cái)而毫不留情地將他逐出師門。
Compared with the unyielding nature, Confucius's love and human feelings are much more lovely. If we want to compare the glory of Confucius to his soul skeleton, then Confucius' feeling is to make him full and lively. The reason why he put a word "human" in front of the word "love" is that he shows the essence of human beings under the aura of high in the eyes of the world - crying, laughing, anger and joy. When learning the news of Yan Yuan's death, Confucius cried loudly. "Heaven mourns, heaven mourns." When Zilu asked him "Wei Jun treats his son for politics and Xi Xian for his son" and scolded him "yes, his son is circuitous", Confucius would also scold him: "wild, back also"; he could not only teach his disciples "to be benevolent, but also excommunicate ran Qiu for collecting money for Ji Shi.
最生動(dòng)的，莫過(guò)于孔子身上的詼諧的。記得《論語(yǔ)》上這樣寫道“子曰：‘不曰‘如之何，如之何’者，吾未知之何也?！被蚴恰白釉唬骸欢汕笠?，雖執(zhí)鞭之士，吾亦為之。如不可求，從吾所好”。多有趣啊，在“道之不行，久矣”的情況下，仍能取愉于生活，這種風(fēng)趣或是體現(xiàn)孔子自然流露出的對(duì)自身或是對(duì)別人的挖苦，但都如此真實(shí)地體現(xiàn)了孔子作為一個(gè)“人”的本性。都說(shuō)子路“率真”，可孔子本人不也是那么率直嗎？
The most vivid one is the humorous one of Confucius. I remember that in the Analects of Confucius, "Confucius said," if you don't say "what is like, what is like", I don't know what is. " Or "Confucius said:" rich and available, although the whip of the people, I also for it. If you can't ask, do what I want. ". How interesting it is to be able to take pleasure in life in the case of "Tao is not good for a long time". This kind of fun either reflects Confucius's natural sarcasm towards himself or others, but it really reflects Confucius's nature as a "human". It is said that Zilu is "Frank", but isn't Confucius so frank?
讀《論語(yǔ)》，認(rèn)識(shí)孔子，從驚到訝，最深切感受到的，是孔子一份千金難求的真性情。
Reading the Analects of Confucius, to know Confucius, from surprise to surprise, the most profound feeling is that Confucius has a hard to find truth.
