托福聽力25分遲遲無法提升怎么辦?是時候嘗試這些備考方法了。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈Ｂ犃?5分遲遲無法提升怎么辦，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福聽力25分遲遲無法提升怎么辦?是時候嘗試這些備考方法了

1. 概述Summary

Summary指的是“概述，大意”的意思，具體指的是我們在聽到一篇聽力材料后所進行的概括。這并不需要我們聽懂材料的每一個細節(jié)，但是要能夠抓住說話人的思路和框架。這個訓(xùn)練對于托福聽力至關(guān)重要，因為托福聽力，尤其是講座，并不需要我們聽懂每一個細節(jié)，更重要的是教授講課的思路和全文的重要細節(jié)。很多同學(xué)聽完一篇聽力材料時，問他聽到了什么，他只能說出一個又一個零散的單詞，這是遠遠不夠的。

練習(xí)summary的方法很簡單，就以托福聽力的講座為材料，一邊聽一邊記筆記，錄音結(jié)束，然后自己根據(jù)大腦的記憶和筆記進行全文重點內(nèi)容的英文復(fù)述，然后再反復(fù)，直到練到可以將一篇講座順暢的復(fù)述出來為止。這樣練上幾十篇，你對把握聽力材料整體的能力就會有極大的提高。

2. 聽寫Dictation

Dictation，也就是聽寫，它指的是將一篇聽力錄音中的原文全部聽抄下來。為什么要進行聽寫?因為它是聽力提高最有效的方法。為什么聽寫是聽力提高最有效的方法?因為它能將一個人聽力中所有細枝末節(jié)的問題都暴露出來，然后訂正，全部解決掉，這樣自然最有效率，也最深刻。

那么對于準備托?？荚嚨目忌?，最好的聽寫材料是什么?是老托的lecture。為什么老托的lecture是最好的聽寫材料?因為新托是老托的延續(xù)，老托和新托在題材、詞匯，和難度上都大致相當。當然，如果基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱的同學(xué)，可以先花一個月的時間將新概念第二和第三冊的美英版先聽寫完，然后再來聽寫老托的lecture，這樣會更加磨刀不誤砍柴功。

3. 精聽Intensive listening

Intensive listening，指的是精聽。小編所說的“精聽”，并不只是指全神貫注地聽，當然，這是必須的。我所說的“精聽”步驟如下：

(1)一邊聽一邊看著原文，手上拿著筆，劃出自己不認識或似曾相識但反應(yīng)不過來的詞;

(2)錄音結(jié)束，開始查生詞，寫在原文的旁邊，只需要寫這個單詞在這篇文章的意思就可以;

(3)將這篇材料當閱讀文章快速精讀一遍，徹底看懂;

(4)再一邊看著原文，一邊放錄音，并且嘴上跟讀，反復(fù)幾遍，一直聽到可以不看原文徹底聽懂為止。

此外，一定要多注意聽力中的信號詞

表示因果關(guān)系

as a result 、therefore 、since、for 、for this reason 、so、because 、consequently 、as、thus

表示序列關(guān)系

first 、before 、first of all、on the right/left、next、to begin with、turn right/left 、afterward、meanwhile、second、 last but not least 、for a start、third 、finally、 until、between 、firstly 、subsequently、then 、secondly 、previously、in the middle 、for one thing、 for another、after 、in the first place

表示結(jié)論

as a result、altogether 、finally、in short、therefore 、overall、in sum 、thus、 on the whole、in brief 、accordingly、to conclude、in a word 、consequently、 to sum up、in conclusion、 so 、to summarize

表示列舉

and、in addition to that、one more thing 、what’s more 、besides 、too、as well as、for instance 、both and 、together、for example 、further more 、such as、in addition 、likewise、 like、similarly、moreover

表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

although 、by contract 、as a matter of fact、nevertheless 、in contrast 、instead、 however 、while 、otherwise、though、 but 、despite、on the contrary 、on the other hand 、in the same way、in spite of 、yet 、whereas

表示強調(diào)

that is 、in particular、 I mean、namely、 especially、 actually、in other words 、that is to say 、specially、another way of saying、 equally

表示定義

define, is defined as, known as, that is, the term means, we mean, we can state

4. 高質(zhì)量泛聽High-quality extensive listening

High-quality extensive listening，指的是高質(zhì)量的泛聽。泛聽不用像精聽那樣每個細節(jié)都得突破，只需要把握住整體的語流，聽懂說話人的大概意思就可以。而高質(zhì)量的泛聽，指的是必須全神貫注的聽。泛聽的“泛”并不指態(tài)度的懶散，而是針對整體的要求。

泛聽最佳的材料有兩個：一個是National Geographic(國家地理)，另一個是Discovery(探索)?？吹臅r候，一定要有英文字幕。每天看一集，養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，會有極大收獲。

5. 高難度材料Challenging materials

Challenging materials，意思是“有挑戰(zhàn)性的材料”，指的是備考托福聽力，平時聽力練習(xí)的最高難度一定要超越考試難度，這樣在考試的時候才會有居高臨下的感覺，穩(wěn)定地取得好成績。挑戰(zhàn)性的材料有這么幾類：

第一，美國大學(xué)上課的課堂錄像或錄音，現(xiàn)在很多美國大學(xué)已經(jīng)將自己大學(xué)的許多教授的課堂錄像放在了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，這是一個極佳的挑戰(zhàn)聽力難度的材料;

第二，巴朗上的試題，一定要做完。另外，如果覺得試題難度低，可以利用軟件加兩倍速度來做，這樣就會超越考試難度。

6. 下意識聽力訓(xùn)練Subconscious listening practice

Subconscious listening practice，意思是“下意識的聽力練習(xí)”，它指的是我們要自己為自己創(chuàng)造一個英文的環(huán)境，比如早晨一起床，我們就打開音箱播放英語，可以是托福的聽力機經(jīng)材料，也可以是英文廣播，也可以是一部英文電影，只要是英文的就行，這樣做的好處是我們隨時都可以聽到英語，這樣會在潛移默化中加強我們對英語的敏感。

2020托福聽力練習(xí)：城市與鄉(xiāng)村的紅腹灰雀對比

City dwellers can attest that the animals they share the city with—the pigeons, rats, roaches—can be pretty brazen when they're prowling for a bite.

While visiting Barbados, McGill University neurobiologist Jean-Nicolas Audet, noticed that local bullfinches were accomplished thieves.

"They were always trying to steal our food.

And we can see those birds entering in supermarkets, trying to steal food there."

And that gave him an idea.

"Since this bird species is able to solve amazing problems in cities, and they're also present in rural areas, we were wondering" are the rural birds also good problem-solvers, and they just don't take advantage of their abilities?

Or are they fundamentally different?

So Audet and his McGill colleagues captured Barbados bullfinches, both in the island's towns and out in the countryside.

They then administered the bird equivalent of personality and IQ tests:assessing traits like boldness and fear, or timing how quickly the finches could open a puzzle box full of seeds.

And it turns out the city birds really could solve puzzles faster.

They were bolder, too, except when it came to dealing with new objects—perhaps assuming, unlike their more naive country cousins, that new things can either mean reward…or danger.

The study is in the journal Behavioral Ecology.

The city birds bested their country counterparts in another trait:they have more robust immune systems, possibly from scavenging food and water in dirty places.

Which suggests that sometimes, a city's dirt and grit could be the very thing that gives avian residents a wing up.

City dwellers can attest that the animals they share the city with—the pigeons, rats, roaches—can be pretty brazen when they're prowling for a bite. 城市里的居民可以作證，與他們共同生活在城市中的鴿子、老鼠、蟑螂等動物在捕獵時非常厚顏無恥。

While visiting Barbados, McGill University neurobiologist Jean-Nicolas Audet, noticed that local bullfinches were accomplished thieves as well. 麥吉爾大學(xué)的神經(jīng)生物學(xué)家簡恩尼古拉斯·奧德特在參觀巴巴多斯時發(fā)現(xiàn)當?shù)氐募t腹灰雀是技藝嫻熟的小偷。

They were always trying to steal our food. 它們一直都在偷我們的食物。

And we can see those birds entering in supermarkets, trying to steal food there. And that gave him an idea. 而且我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鳥會進入超級市場，試圖偷那里的食物。而這給了奧德特靈感。

Since this bird species is able to solve amazing problems in cities, and they're also present in rural areas, we were wondering are the rural birds also good problem-solvers, and they just don't take advantage of their abilities? 既然這種鳥能在城市中解決令人稱奇的問題，我們就想到，身處偏遠鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的它們是否也能很好的解決問題，還是只是沒有善加利用自己的能力呢?

Or are they fundamentally different? 或者這些鳥是因地區(qū)而完全不同呢?

So Audet and his McGill colleagues captured Barbados bullfinches, both in the island's towns and out in the countryside. 因此奧德特和他的同事們抓來了巴巴多斯城鎮(zhèn)及鄉(xiāng)村的紅腹灰雀進行比較研究。

They then administered the bird equivalent of personality and IQ tests: 而后他們對這種鳥的性格及智商進行了評估測試：

assessing traits like boldness and fear, or timing how quickly the finches could open a puzzle box full of seeds. 其中包括膽量及恐懼等特征測試環(huán)節(jié)，以及紅腹灰雀琢開一個裝滿種子的謎題箱需要多長時間。

And it turns out the city birds really could solve puzzles faster. 結(jié)果表明城市中的紅腹灰雀能夠更快的解決難題。

They were bolder, too, except when it came to dealing with new objects—perhaps assuming, unlike their more naive country cousins, that new things can either mean reward…or danger. 同時它們的膽子也更大。但在應(yīng)對新鮮事物方面則是鄉(xiāng)村鳥兒更勝一籌，因為新鮮的事物對它們而言要么是獎勵，要么是危險。

The study is in the journal Behavioral Ecology. 這項研究已在《行為生態(tài)學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表。

The city birds bested their country counterparts in another trait: 城市的紅腹灰雀在另外一個方面也占據(jù)優(yōu)勢：

they have more robust immune systems, possibly from scavenging food and water in dirty places. 它們有更強健的免疫系統(tǒng)，可能是其本身清除食物及水中臟東西的能力所致。

Which suggests that sometimes, a city's dirt and grit could be the very thing that gives avian residents a wing up. 這表明，有時一個城市的污垢和砂礫可能對生活在其中的鳥類居民而言至關(guān)重要。

2020托福聽力練習(xí)：基因電路輔助細胞計算機

Our smartphones, tablets, laptops—they all compute things electronically. But, think outside that silicon box for a second: "There's nothing special about electrons and using silicon as part of computing." Chris Voigt, a bioengineer at M.I.T.. "You can do computing with any number of things." Including, he says, DNA.

"Cells do computing all the time. So they're constantly trying to interpret their environment and be able to turn on different genes and respond to it." And those genes in a cellular circuit are like the logic gates, the memory, and other systems found in conventional computers.

So Voigt and his colleagues created what he calls the first human-made "programming language" for living cells. It’s an open-source design environment called "Cello." Just write what you want the cell to do, and Cello spits out the DNA sequence—as if you were compiling code. The researchers used the platform to design 60 genetic circuits, which they then ran inside E. coli bacteria. Many of these DNA-based circuits allow bacteria to sense environmental data - like levels of oxygen or glucose in the gut - and respond in various ways. They detail the findings in the journal Science.

Not all the circuits worked as intended. A quarter of them failed, and some were toxic to the cells. But the idea is to make cellular circuit design easier—and more approachable—to creative people. "When I was a graduate student I had a computer file for Microsoft Word that had all my favorite pieces of DNA. And I would have to sit there and stitch it together and try to remember how each one worked, and constantly run programs to try to look for mistakes."

Cello takes care of all that. And now, Voigt says, biology is right about where electrical engineering was in the early 80s: ready for a computing revolution.

Our smartphones, tablets, laptops-they all compute things electronically. 我們的智能手機、平板電腦、筆記本--它們都是以電子方式進行計算。

But, think outside that silicon box for a second: "There's nothing special about electrons and using silicon as part of computing." 但是，考慮一下硅制盒子之外的事物："利用電子和硅進行計算并無特殊之處。"

Chris Voigt, a bioengineer at M.I.T.. "You can do computing with any number of things." Including, he says, DNA. 克里斯·沃伊特是麻省理工學(xué)院的生物工程師。"你可以利用計算機計算任何事物的數(shù)量。" DNA也包括在內(nèi)。

Cells do computing all the time. 細胞一直都在進行計算。

So they're constantly trying to interpret their environment and be able to turn on different genes and respond to it. 所以，它們一直在試圖了解周圍的環(huán)境，并控制DNA，并對其作出反應(yīng)。

And those genes in a cellular circuit are like the logic gates, the memory, and other systems found in conventional computers. 這些在細胞電路中的基因就像傳統(tǒng)電腦中的邏輯門、內(nèi)存和其他的系統(tǒng)。

So Voigt and his colleagues created what he calls the first human-made "programming language" for living cells. 所以，沃伊特和同事們創(chuàng)造了人類首例的活細胞"編程語言"。

It's an open-source design environment called "Cello." 這種開放源碼的設(shè)計環(huán)境稱為"Cello"。

Just write what you want the cell to do, and Cello spits out the DNA sequence-as if you were compiling code. 你只需寫下需要細胞做些什么，這時候 Cello翻譯DNA序列--就好像你在進行編碼。

The researchers used the platform to design 60 genetic circuits, which they then ran inside E. coli bacteria. 研究人員利用這一平臺設(shè)計了60個遺傳電路，他們可以利用這些遺傳電路應(yīng)用于大腸桿菌內(nèi)部。

Many of these DNA-based circuits allow bacteria to sense environmental data - like levels of oxygen or glucose in the gut - and respond in various ways. 許多基于 DNA的電路都允許細菌感覺環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)--例如大腸中的氧氣以及葡萄糖的含量--并通過不同的方式作出反應(yīng)。

They detail the findings in the journal Science. 該研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上。

Not all the circuits worked as intended. 但是并不是所有的電路都會按照預(yù)期的方式運行。

A quarter of them failed, and some were toxic to the cells. 有1/4的電路失敗了，而有的電路則會毒害細胞。

But the idea is to make cellular circuit design easier-and more approachable-to creative people. 但是，這種創(chuàng)作想法會使有創(chuàng)新精神的人將細胞電路設(shè) 計更加簡單--更易成功。

When I was a graduate student I had a computer file for Microsoft Word that had all my favorite pieces of DNA. 當我還在讀研究生的時候，我有一個電腦文件里面包含了我最愛的DNA片段。

And I would have to sit there and stitch it together and try to remember how each one worked, and constantly run programs to try to look for mistakes. 我會坐在那里，將這些片斷拼接到一起，并試圖記住這 些片斷是如何運作的，我還經(jīng)常運行程序試圖找到其中的錯誤。

Cello takes care of all that. And now, Voigt says, biology is right about where electrical engineering was in the early 80s: ready for a computing revolution. Cello會處理以上所有的問題?，F(xiàn)在，沃伊特稱生物學(xué)就像80年代早期的電器工程：已經(jīng)為計算機革命做好準備。