托?？谡Z作為評分標準較為主觀的題型，常會讓考生覺得把握不住提分方向。今天小編給大家?guī)韽目脊冱c評角度看托福綜合口語評分標準和常見問題。希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
從考官點評角度看托福綜合口語評分標準和常見問題
托福綜合口語考官點評分析
下面是ETS考官對某考生口語第四題的點評，以此為例：
考官點評原文
“The speaker is fairly fluent and easy to comprehend. However, there is some hesitancy or choppiness, which seems to occur as she searches for ideas and do not because of linguistic breakdown. In this response, the speaker has more difficulty using effective pause structure. She has a tendency to complete one thought and immediately begin the next, without pausing in between. At times she then stops and restarts the next idea, giving a somewhat rambling quality to the response. Minor but systematic grammatical errors occur but do not interfere with overall comprehensibility. The speaker states the woman’s problem clearly and with ease. Despite minor grammatical errors, she supports her opinion with fairly sophisticated reason.”
考官評分點分析
這段點評對廣大考生極具參考價值，它告訴了我們?nèi)绾卧谧约喊l(fā)音及語言組織能力還有欠缺的情況下依舊取得高分。這是對一篇high level的回答做出的點評。我們從評論中不難看出，考官對于這段口語還是心存不滿的，但是最終還是給了一個較高的分數(shù)。
不足之處：我們通過對于不足之處的分析能夠更清晰地了解ETS考官面對一道口語回答時會重點關(guān)注那些方面。
1. 流利程度。流利與否是第一項評分點。流利不僅僅是指我們的在回答過程中是不是出現(xiàn)了長時間的break或者是無話可說，同時也要求考生不要一直不停地重復(fù)同一個詞(這是一個非常常見的現(xiàn)象)甚至是重復(fù)剛才說的短語、句子。
2. 邏輯性。與寫作一樣，口語的回答也需要條理清晰，并且在說的時候要通過一些關(guān)聯(lián)詞將你聽到的內(nèi)容進行整理復(fù)述，使得聽這段口語的人能夠很容易就明白了你講的是什么，這樣就想他傳達了一個強烈的信號：我聽懂了。在上面這段文字中，ETS的考官向我們推薦了一個方法“pause structure”，即在回答完一個內(nèi)容的時候做一個小小的停頓，告訴聽者，下一個內(nèi)容/觀點要開始了。這樣就可以彌補回答中邏輯詞的發(fā)音不準或者是誤用、漏用帶來的失分。
優(yōu)勢之處：盡管這段回答中存在上述諸多的錯誤和不足，但是僅僅一下一點就足以力挽狂瀾，讓我們追回失分。
準確性：綜合口語考察的一個重點就是考試是不是能夠準確、完整地復(fù)述出conversation或lecture中的內(nèi)容。這就是中國考生在綜合口語中最大的失分原因。通過對點評的解讀，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們需要做的就是“state … clearly and with ease”。只要做到了這點，把題目要求你復(fù)述的內(nèi)同清晰并以一種簡單的方式說出來了，那么盡管你的回答中存在一些小小的語法錯誤(despite minor grammatical errors…)，也不會影響取得高分。
托?？谡Z練習(xí)材料之事件篇
1. Describe a celebration, public event or moment that is most impressive to you.Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
2. Describe a ceremony or public event that you attended. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
3. Describe a challenging experience you had and how you overcame that challenge.Include reasons and examples to support your response.
4. Describe a disappointing event or experience in your life. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
5. Describe a leisure activity you often do in your spare time. Explain why you often do it. Please include reasons and examples to support your response.
6. Describe a memorable event that you experienced with you families or friends. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples in your response.
7. Describe a memorial you attended. Explain why it was important to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
8. Describe a social or political event celebrated in your country. Explain how people in your country celebrate it. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
9. Describe a successful event in your life. Explain how you made it. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
10. Describe the most enjoyable event in your childhood. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
11. Describe an activity you enjoyed most when you were a child. Explain why you enjoyed this activity most. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
12. Describe an experience that you worked well with others. Explain why that experience is important to you. Include reasons and details to support your response.
13. Describe an important experience you had recently. Explain why this experience was important to you. Include reasons and details to support your response.
14. Describe the most enjoyable event that happened in your school. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples in your response.
15. Describe the most surprising event your friends did for you. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples in your response.
16. If you could do one thing for your community, what would you do and why? Include reasons and examples to support your response.
17. What do you do to keep yourself healthy? Explains why it is more important for you?Please include reasons and details in you explanation.
18. What is your favorite way to relax yourself? Explain why you like to use this way to relax yourself. Include reasons and details to support your response.
托福口語題材分類練習(xí)：科技篇
1. Some people think that TV plays a positive role in the modern society. Others think that TV plays a negative role in the modern society. What is your opinion and why?Include details and examples in your explanation.
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not be allowed to take their cell phones into classrooms. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Cell phone should be forbidden in some places. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
4. Some people prefer to keep in touch with their family members and friends by letters and e-mail. Others prefer to keep in touch with their family members and friends by telephone. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.
5. Some people believe that modern technology has made our lives simpler. Others believe that modern technology has made our lives more complicated. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
11個托?？谡Z中常見的打招呼句子
1. How are you doing? 你好嗎?
美國人見面時候最常用的打招呼方式就是， "Hey! Howare you doing?" 或是 "How are you?" 不然 "How'sgoing?" 也很常見. 我覺得這種每天跟別人打招呼的習(xí)慣， 就是跟美國友人建立良好關(guān)系的開始. 很多人都覺得美國人很冷漠， 不跟自己打招呼， 但自己又何嘗不是對美國友人很冷漠呢? 關(guān)于更多打招呼之間的應(yīng)對， 請參照筆記本專題篇.
2. What's up? 什么事?
"What's up?" 也是很常用的一種打招呼方式. 比方說 Bob 在路上看到我跟我說 "Hey! " 那我通常就會答說 "Hi! Bob. What's up?" 這就是問對方近來怎樣， 有什么事嗎? 通常如果沒什么事人家就會說 "Notmuch." 不過還有一種情況也很常見， 你先跟人家說 "Hey! What's up?" 那別人也不說 "Not much"， 反而反問一句， "What's up?" 所以 "What's up?" 已經(jīng)變成有點 Hello! 的味道在里面了.
"What's up?" 也常被用來問人家有什么事? 例如有人登門拜訪， 你就會說 "What's up?" 到底有何貴干啊? 總之 "What's up?" 在美國應(yīng)用的很廣， 各位一定要熟記才是.
我有一個從南非來的朋友 David， 他對于我的筆記本提供了很多的幫忙和建議. 他說在南非的打招呼方式是 "How zit?" 這是從 "How's it?" 衍生變化而來. 所以同樣是講英文的國家， 打招呼的方式也有很大的不同.
3. Could you do me a favor? 能不能幫我一個忙?
人是不能獨自一個人活的， 需要別人幫忙的地方總是很多， 所以我就會常講， "Could you do me afavor?" 或是 "Could you give me a hand?" 這算是比較正式而禮貌的講法. 有時候要請別人幫忙還不太好意思說， 我就會說 Could you do me a little favor? 能不能幫我一個小忙? 其實也許是幫大忙但也要先講成小忙， 先讓對方點頭才是. (注意一下這里用 could you 會比 can you 來的客氣一點.)
另外， "Can you help me?" 也很常見， 通常比如說我們?nèi)ベI東西， 可是店員自己在聊天， 我就會說， "Canyou help me?" (其實正常來說， 應(yīng)該是他們主動會問 "Can I help you?" 或是 "May I help you?" 才對， 但有時實在等不急了， 就直接先問了 "Can you help me?"
4. What are you studying? 你主修什么的?
通常老美一聽我是學(xué)生， 都會很自然地問， "What are you studying?" 其實這樣的問法就是問你 "What's your major?" 但他們比較喜歡說 "What are you studying?" 如果說你遇見一個人， 你也不確定他是不是學(xué)生， 我們通常會問， "What do you do for living?" 你是作什么工作的? 或是簡單地問， "What doyou do?" 一般不會說成 "What's your job? "
5. Where are you going? 你要去哪啊?
通常走在路上遇到好朋友， 除了打招呼之外， 我都還會問 "Where are you going?" 雖然剛來美國時我只聽得懂自己的問題， 卻聽不懂對方的回答， 但是我還是佷喜歡問. 原因無它， 聽久了自然就會了. 另外老美也很喜歡用 heading 這個字來代替 going. 所以你也可以問 "Where are you heading?" 同樣都是你上哪去的意思.
6. What's your favorite ice cream? 你最喜歡的冰淇淋是什么?
這句話通常是當(dāng)我遇到陌生人時， 又想不到其它話題的時候會最先想到的一句話. 試想二個人如果有共同的興趣和嗜好是不是就很容易成為好朋友呢? 所以我就常問人家， "What's your favorite movie? Who's yourfavorite movie star?" 總之 favorite 之后可以接任何你有興趣的話題.
Favorite 這個字很好用， 如果這句話你不用 favorite 的話， 就會變成 "What kind of ice cream do youlike the most?" 聽來是不是很冗長? 還有一點值得一提， 比如我要回答， 我最喜歡香草冰淇淋， 再來是巧克力要怎么說? 那就是 "Vanilla is my favorite flavor and chocolate is my second favorite."
7. What color is your car? What's the color of your car? 你的車子是什么顏色.
個人覺得 What 后面接一個名詞這樣的問句好用的很， 可是不知道為什么剛來美國的人似乎對這樣的問法都不太熟悉. 同樣的句子我就曾說過， "What kind of color does your car have?" 聽來是沒錯， 但我跟你保證老美絕不會這樣問的啦! 他們就是 "What color is your car?" 有時候就乾脆只說 "What color?" 就完事了.
讓我們再來練習(xí)幾句， "What year is your car?" 問你的車是幾年份的? "What area do you live?" 問你是住哪一區(qū)的. 同樣的 How 后接一個形容詞也很常用， 例如 "How big is your dog?" 你的狗有多大?
8. What's going on? 發(fā)生了什么事?
比如說你要用電腦， 可是不知為什么無法開機， 你就可以說. "Hey， What's going on?" 雖然這句就完全等于 "What happened?" 或是 "What's up with that?" 但是老美還是比較比喜歡說 "What's going on?" ， 又比如人家問你說， "Why is our oven broken?" 你就可以推的一干二凈地說. "I don't know what'sgoing on." (我不知發(fā)生了什么事)
9. How come? 為什么? (怎么會這樣?)
How come 的用法大部份就等于 why 但是它的用法沒有像 why 那么廣， 它通常是用在你覺得奇怪， 而問為什么的時候， 比如說有人早上一大早要去 supermarket 你就會問他. "How come?" 另外， 當(dāng)別人問你一個問題， 而你不想回答時可以說 "How come?" 相當(dāng)于， "Why do you ask that?" 也就是說 "It's none ofyour business! "
雖然 how come 跟 why 的用法上差不多， 但二者的問法不同， 例如上句， "Why is our oven broken?" 換成 how come 的話， 要說成， "How come our oven is broken?" 注意一下， 這二句的 be 動詞位置是不一樣的.
10. You want to go to see a movie? 你要去看電影嗎?
這樣的句子看似不合文法， 但卻是老美天天在用的句子. 他們有時候要說一個問句， 就直接把肯定句的尾音提高就成了疑問句. 其實正確的說法應(yīng)該是， "Do you want to go to see a movie?" 但可能是太冗長了點， 所以老美才會直接說 "You want to go to see a movie?"
另外， 更口語的說法應(yīng)該是 "You wanna go to see a movie?" 因為在口語中他們常會把 want to 省略成 wanna. 或是把 going to 省略成 gonna. 所以這句話也可以講成 "Are you gonna see a movie?"
11. Anybody needs a fork? 有沒有人要叉子的啊?
以前老師都教說英文中的問句只有 W-H 問句. 其實不然， 我發(fā)覺還有很多種問句， 例如這個我自己稱它是anybody 問句. 例如有一次我們出去玩， 一下車， 有一個老美就問說有沒有人要去上廁所， 我記得很清楚她是怎么說的， "Anybody has to pee?" 是不是簡單易懂?
也有很多的問句是用 Any 開頭的， 例如 "Any volunteer?" 有沒有志愿的啊? 或是 "Any luck today?" 今天運氣好不好啊?
