托福寫作備考過程中，很多同學(xué)都找不到備考的要點(diǎn)，花了很多功夫備考，但是最終寫作成績卻并沒有很大的提升。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈懽鱾淇家c(diǎn),希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧。
托福寫作備考要點(diǎn)
一.寫作詞匯
首先，所謂詞匯量，從宏觀出發(fā)指的是你所掌握的單詞總數(shù)。這個首先保證的是你的閱讀能力，當(dāng)你看到這個單詞的時候好像形同陌路，也有點(diǎn)似曾相識，但是可以很大程度上幫助你理解整篇文章的意思，如此一來，你做TOEFL閱讀部分的時候，詞匯量的大小決定了你對文章的認(rèn)知程度?？墒?，對于寫作而言，這個單詞量就要另當(dāng)別論了，或許你有幾萬個單詞在大腦里，但很難用單詞量來衡量你寫作中的具體應(yīng)用。
很多同學(xué)背單詞的堅(jiān)韌精神讓人佩服不已，但一如既往地記憶的確很好，可是在寫作方面還是有很多只有寫作才有的苦惱：一般是提筆忘字或者高級詞匯的使用，還有就是句型過于簡單羅列，使得整篇文章缺少亮點(diǎn)和層次感。想要避免提筆忘字，就要談到詞匯要怎么記憶了，積累寫作方面的單詞，最好不要逐一地背單詞表，按照字母順序排列的單詞，彼此之間的聯(lián)系太少。
針對這一特點(diǎn)，市場上TOEFL寫作類的圖書都做了很多調(diào)整，經(jīng)常在每篇范文之后附加了文章中好的詞匯和短語，這樣在你學(xué)習(xí)了范文的寫法之后，再回味一下文章中的詞匯精華，一舉兩得。如果有充分的時間，可以選擇一些文字類新聞多一些的英文網(wǎng)站。通過閱讀新聞來積累單詞的好處很多，首先很多社會新聞可以成為我們寫作的構(gòu)思素材，其次多元化的新聞，不容易產(chǎn)生死背單詞的枯燥感。
二.句式多樣化
如果說單詞是句子的靈魂，那句子就是文章的基石，而句型則是不同品質(zhì)的基石，可以讓整篇文章充滿多樣的色彩，讀起來讓人很有興趣。雖然句型的變化很多，可是針對TOEFL文章的特點(diǎn)，一篇接300余字的議論文，IBT在注重文章的完整性和一致性的同時，也需要文章有精彩的內(nèi)容?？墒俏恼缕邢?，我們僅僅需要熟練地應(yīng)用幾個不同的句型，就一定會給評分人留下很深刻的印象了。
英語中有這么多的句型和從句，應(yīng)用起來也要注意方法，切忌移花接木，強(qiáng)買強(qiáng)賣。比如我見過很多考生喜歡寫強(qiáng)調(diào)句，因?yàn)楦袷胶唵?，模仿起來也容易，但是如果在每一個段落都出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，那也就不能凸現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的意義了，反而讓人感覺重復(fù)，索然無味。
有些時候，文章的段落里是不需要大篇幅應(yīng)用從句的，強(qiáng)行介入的從句反而會使句子讀起來文字繁冗羅列，好像負(fù)擔(dān)很重的樣子;諺語的使用要謹(jǐn)慎小心，合理的使用可以讓閱卷人對你佩服得五體投地，盲目的應(yīng)用可能會讓人曲解你所表達(dá)的意思，所以我們不要做畫蛇添足的事。對于TOEFL文章而言，更多精力要放在段落的整體性上，不需要應(yīng)用的語法和詞匯就干脆不用，寧缺毋濫。
三.高效利用官方真題Official
IBT真題資料的匱乏，一直是考生備考的一件憾事。雖然市面上的藍(lán)delta，紅delta，barron，高分120系列等參考資料各有所長，但是其缺陷也不容忽視。藍(lán)delta中閱讀文章過長，題目過于簡單;聽力部分較比真正考試要長;口語和作文的聽力段子不夠規(guī)整，容易挫傷考生的積極性。
紅delta除了綜合寫作值得借鑒，其他題目較比真題稍顯簡單。高分120在口語和綜合寫作方面好于前兩者，但是聽力部分題目與真題相比有一定的距離。所以這15套珍貴的真題資料，務(wù)必要有效的利用。作文部分的綜合作文，待前期的聽力實(shí)力到位之后，就可以直接拿這份官方真題Official的資料進(jìn)行練習(xí)。同樣，最初的幾套不要限時，而是“精讀”，“精聽”把握綜合作文閱讀和聽力的要點(diǎn)，筆記的熟練等等。開始寫的時候最好整理好模板。細(xì)節(jié)記錄下來越多越好。待心理有底后，再限時來寫作。
托?？荚囎魑莫?dú)立寫作范文：獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)還是小組學(xué)習(xí)好
Some people like to study alone while other prefer to study in a group. Which one do you think is more effective?
寫作參考:
Educators and researchers have never stopped the examination of the importance and relevance of collaborative learning that are encouraged by middle schools. When compared with studying alone, I personally believe that it is far more beneficial to students when working in groups for the following reasons.
First off, working in a group finishing group projects can be very conducive for students since they can help students to study more effectively and get exposure in real-world issues. If teachers categorize students and organize them in small study groups, chances are that they would solve complex issues together, like research the history of the city, examine the water quality of the local town, so on and so forth. Students can develop critical thinking skills as well as learn to collect and analyze information from multiple sources. A recent study conducted by the University of Minnesota backed up the claim that study teams, collaborative learning and group projects are far more effective in helping students to develop useful skills than traditional teacher-led teaching approach. In fact, when learning in groups, students have to do some research about the topic they are expected to discuss beforehand, which helps them to clear up some misunderstandings and boast their enthusiasm of academic exploration.
Additionally, as the saying goes: “many hands make light work”, actually it remains as relevant today as it did a century ago. Working in groups has much deeper implications beyond students’ academic experience, to be more specific, it helps to develop skills like cooperation, organization and leadership. When learning in a group, every single student gets a chance to contribute their knowledge to the group, they can learn to appreciate the work of other simultaneously. What’s more, they have to work closely with others for the same goal otherwise they might not be able to compete with other study groups. More importantly, students will get exposure to distinctive perspectives and at the same time learn how to accept different points of view and find common ground in this process. Such an educational experience will not only be helpful for their future study but also beneficial to them when they have to deal with coworkers, clients, and teammates in a professional setting in the future. Numerous studies have shown that students who have prior experience working with others enjoy a better chance to be successful in their future career.
In conclusion, working together in a group has far more meaningful implications than working alone since collaborative learning helps students to learn much more effectively and develop important skills that are vital for their future study and career.
托?？荚囎魑莫?dú)立寫作范文：演藝明星的高薪
Some famous athletes and entertainers earn millions of dollars every year. Do you think these people deserve such high salaries? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
寫作范文：
Nowadays, the annual incomes of many sports stars and film stars come to millions of dollars. Some people claim that their salaries are too high. Yet, in my opinion, such salaries are well deserved. They work hard to become famous, provide entertainment for us, and win honors for their countries.
First, famous athletes and entertainers make painstaking efforts to achieve fame. Fame is a wonderful thing to have, but it seldom appears overnight. Famous people have worked hard for years to achieve their fame today and they have to continue their good work to maintain it. For their hard work, sports and entertaining stars deserve to be generously rewarded. Unfortunately, people tend to focus on the huge amounts of money made by them. They rarely appreciate the efforts that athletes and entertainers have to make in order to achieve the fame that they have today. For example, in order to win the first place in a 100-meter dash, an athlete has to cover hundreds of miles during training. Famous stars deserve their high salaries because they have worked hard.
Second, sports and entertaining stars provide us with good entertainment. On weekends, many of us attend a football match that includes Beckham, see a movie that stars Julia Roberts, or go to a concert that features Celine Dion. These people help us make good use of our free time by entertaining us. As a result, we feel inspired as well as relaxed. In other words, we feel energetic again after attending the events. We even feel that we have more to enjoy in life and have new aspirations. For such reasons, these people are worth their high salaries.
Third, athletes and entertainers win honors for their countries. For example, after four years’ hard work, many athletes win gold medals at the Olympics Games. They are able to make millions of dollars a year after the games. Such high salaries are justified, because these athletes have won honors for their countries in the most competitive arena and have made their people proud, something few people can even dream of. This is true for entertainers as well. Many actors and actresses receive high salaries after they have won Oscars or prizes at Cannes Films Festival. Those people also deserve high salaries, because they have made a name in films for their country and have made their country better known by people elsewhere in the world.
All in all, famous athletes and entertainers merit their high salaries, for their hard work, entertainment they provide, and their contribution to their country. If I had a chance, I would be a famous star who can make millions of dollars a year.
