并不是所有人都會拿出很多時間來復(fù)習(xí)托福聽力的，甚至很多人因為懶或者別的原因把托福聽力練習(xí)的時間一縮再縮，那么這么短的時間如何進(jìn)行托福聽力備考呢?下面小編就和大家分享托?？谡Z練習(xí)方法詳解，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。

托福聽力沖洗要注重效率

首先，托福聽力注意原文的深入理解。在最后的托福聽力備考沖刺階段，建議大家不必再拿出很多新題進(jìn)行練習(xí)了，完全可以回歸到之前的練習(xí)內(nèi)容中，找出之前一些沒有完全理解或是答題準(zhǔn)備率比較低的文章，重新再聽并且詳細(xì)比對原文，對其中的發(fā)音、語句、關(guān)鍵詞都進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的理解，再以同樣的語速進(jìn)行跟讀。大家在排除了聽力障礙之后，重新再回歸到自己的錯題中，分析錯誤的原因，加以重新改正。

其次，聽力抗干擾內(nèi)容。在托福聽力的進(jìn)行中，托福聽力備考中找關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵句是一項很重要的部分。在文中如果能準(zhǔn)確找到這些內(nèi)容，也就是精準(zhǔn)的把握住了文章的主干脈絡(luò)。正因如此，在聽力材料中，有時會出現(xiàn)一些插入語和連接詞，為關(guān)鍵詞的定位帶來一定的影響。所以，在沖刺階段，我們還需重點練習(xí)聽力文章主旨的把握，確保自己的思路是根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容而發(fā)展，不會離題、偏題。

最后，心態(tài)的穩(wěn)定把握。想要在考試時候，有從容鎮(zhèn)定的心態(tài)，要做的無非就是兩件事：充分備考和好好休息。另外，小編也建議大家，為了適應(yīng)考試當(dāng)天的環(huán)境，在最后的沖刺階段，備考學(xué)生不妨去進(jìn)行一下上機的模擬測試，讓考試當(dāng)天心情更加篤定，從容應(yīng)考。

托福聽力備考越早進(jìn)行越好，如果是在時間上來不及了大家在進(jìn)行托福聽力練習(xí)時也不要盲目進(jìn)行，希望這篇介紹對于大家的托福聽力有所幫助。

托福聽力練習(xí)：聰明的螞蟻備份導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)

Make a left at the big oak tree about a mile down the road. That kind of direction is common in landscapes filled with visual cues. But the Sahara desert is a much tougher place to navigate. Even any footprints you leave get erased as winds massage the sand. Nevertheless, ants in the desert go on searches for food—and once they find it they carry their prize directly back to the nest.

In the late 1980's, researchers discovered that the ants can achieve this impressive feat using a process called path integration. To gauge the direction home, they keep track of the sun's motion across the sky—just like sailors used to do. To calculate the distance, they count their steps.

"It's a very hostile environment. They're foraging at the hottest times of the day and it's a desert, so surface temperatures reach 60 to 70 degrees Celsius."

Neurobiologist Matthias Wittlinger from Germany's Ulm University, on the podcast of the journal Science, which published this work.

"And they need to be really quick in finding food, and they really need to be very quick in getting the food back to the nest...they need to be really fast, and they're travelling at speeds of 100 body lengths per second."

Wittlinger noticed that sometimes desert ants carry each other.

"And here we had this unique opportunity to test traveling ants that are not walking."

If they're not walking, then they can't count their steps. So would these ants be able to find their way home?、

Bees and wasps can't count their steps, because they fly. Instead, to estimate distance they rely on what's called optic flow, which tracks how much visual information flows past them while they travel. So, do carried ants also use optic flow?

To find out, the researchers waited for an ant to emerge from its nest carrying another. After the pair walked for ten meters, the researchers separated them. And impressively, the carried ant marched straight on back to the nest—but not if their vision was blocked.

"So if they were blindfolded while being carried, they have no chance of gaining any distance information."

Which proves that they need eyesight—and therefore optic flow—to do it.

These critters live in one of the harshest environments on the planet, so it makes sense that evolution endowed them with the tools for path integration and optic flow.

"In the case of the desert ant, it's really important that they're getting navigation right...if one system fails, you still have a backup system."

Because if you're going to live in the desert you have to be very clever in finding ways to not die in the desert.

沿著這條路走，在大約一英里處的大橡樹那里左拐。這種導(dǎo)航方向在有視覺線索的地形非常常見。但是撒哈拉沙漠是一個很難導(dǎo)航的地方。即使你留下腳印也會被風(fēng)沙覆蓋。然而，在沙漠中的螞蟻卻能夠繼續(xù)尋找食物，一旦它們發(fā)現(xiàn)食物，它們可以直接把食物搬回巢穴中。

上世紀(jì)80年代后期，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻可以實現(xiàn)這一了不起的壯舉，這被稱為路徑整合。螞蟻跟蹤太陽在天空中的運動情況來判斷回家的方向，就像過去水手們做的一樣。它們通過計算步數(shù)來計算距離。

“這是一個非常惡劣的環(huán)境。它們在一天最熱的時間覓食，沙漠的表面溫度高達(dá)60到70攝氏度?！?/p>

德國烏爾姆大學(xué)的神經(jīng)生物學(xué)家馬蒂亞斯·威特林格在本周《科學(xué)》期刊的播客上發(fā)表了這項研究成果。

“它們要快速找到食物，還要快速把食物帶回巢穴……它們的動作要非常快，基本上它們每秒的速度要達(dá)到身長的100倍?！?/p>

威特林格指出，有時沙漠螞蟻會互相背著前進(jìn)。

“我們有這個獨特的機會來測試那些沒有走路的覓食螞蟻?！?/p>

如果它們不走路，那它們就不能計算步數(shù)。那這些螞蟻能找到回家的路嗎?

蜜蜂和黃蜂不能數(shù)步數(shù)，因為它們靠飛行移動。所以，它們依靠光流來計算距離，它們會根據(jù)飛行過程中的視覺信息流來估算距離。那被抬著的螞蟻也用光流來計算距離嗎?

為了弄清楚這點，研究人員等待一只螞蟻背著另一只螞蟻從它的巢里出現(xiàn)。在它們走了十米以后，研究人員把它們分開了。令人印象深刻地是，如果視野受阻，那被背著的螞蟻會徑直返回巢穴中。

“如果它們在被背著時眼睛被蒙住，那它們就沒有機會獲得任何有關(guān)距離的信息?！?/p>

這證明它們需要視力，也就是要它們需要光流。

這些生物生活在地球最惡劣的環(huán)境中，所以進(jìn)化賦予它們路徑整合和光流的能力是有道理的。

“在沙漠螞蟻的例子中，獲得導(dǎo)航能力是非常重要的……如果一個系統(tǒng)失敗，它們還有一個備份系統(tǒng)?！?/p>

因為如果要在沙漠中生活，你必須要非常聰明，這樣才能找到路而避免死在沙漠中。

重點講解：

1. keep track of 跟上…的進(jìn)展;掌握…的最新消息;

例句：I keep track of my expenses in a notebook.

我把我的支出記在一個筆記本上。

2. rely on 依賴;依靠;

例句：In default of expert's help, you'll have to rely on yourselves.

沒有專家的幫助，你們只好依靠自己了。

3. find out (尤指特意通過努力)發(fā)現(xiàn)，找出，查明;

例句：He was asked to find out how the land lies.

有人要他探知事情的真相。

4. make sense 可以理解;講得通;

例句：Delaying their retirement by raising the pensionable age might make sense.

通過推遲拿養(yǎng)老金的年齡而讓他們遲點退休，可能還有道理。

5. endow with 賦予;使天生擁有;

例句：You are endowed with wealth, good health and a lively intellect.

你生來就擁有財富、健康和活躍的思維。

2020托福聽力練習(xí)：人類和鳥類合作共享蜂巢

This is a story about the birds and the bees. When the Yao people of Mozambique want to find beehives full of honey they make this noise [brrrr-hm]. That sound attracts the attention of what are appropriately called honeyguide birds.

"If you ask Yao honey-hunters why they go brrrr-hm when they're looking for a honeyguide, they'll tell you, well, it's the best way to attract a honeyguide and to maintain its attention while you're following it to a bees' nest."

Claire Spottiswoode, of the University of Cambridge in England and the University of Cape Town in South Africa.

The Yao have long known that they could attract honeyguides vocally, as part of a rare example of a mutualistic relationship between people and wild animals. The humans get honey and the birds then get what they want—the previously unattainable wax of the beehive, which they consider a delicacy. Spottiswoode's study provides evidence that the humans are actually communicating with the birds.

"We wanted to specifically test whether honeyguides responded to the exact information content of the brrrr-hm call, which signals, if you wish, 'I'm looking for bees' nests,' so we wanted to distinguish that from the alternative that the call simply alerts honeyguides to the presence of humans."

Which the research team did—birds were much more likely to respond to brrrr-hm than to other sounds. The study is in the journal Science.

Honeyguides may help people, but to other birds they can be monsters.

"Honeyguides are the real Jekyll and Hyde of the bird world...like cowbirds or cuckoos, honeyguides are brood parasites—they lay their eggs in other birds' nests and exploit the care of other species to raise their young. And their chicks hatch with these very sharp hooks at the tips of their beak, which they use to stab the host young to death as soon as they hatch."

You can watch some of this horror-movie-worthy footage that Spottiswoode captured several years ago by googling the phrase "honeyguide murder."

As Africa becomes more urbanized, fewer people are engaging the birds to help them find honey. And the relationship between honeyguides and honey-hunters may be fraying.

"A young honeyguide hatches in the nest of another species knowing how to be a honeyguide. Because it doesn't have the opportunity to learn from its own parents. But then if that's not reinforced by experience, it's lost."

In the not-too-distant future then, honeyguides may still know where the beehives are—but they'll be keeping that information to themselves.

這是一個有關(guān)鳥類和蜜蜂的故事。當(dāng)莫桑比克的堯族人民想要找到裝滿蜂蜜的蜂巢時，他們就會發(fā)出這樣的聲音。這種聲音可以吸引被稱作響蜜鴷的鳥類。

“如果你問堯族獵蜜人為什么在尋找響蜜鴷時發(fā)出這種聲音，他們會告訴你，這是吸引響蜜鴷的最好方法，而且可以在找到蜂巢之前留住響蜜鴷的注意力。”

克萊爾·斯波蒂斯伍德來自英國劍橋大學(xué)和南非開普敦大學(xué)。

堯族人早就知道能用聲音來吸引響蜜鴷，這是人類和野生動物之間互惠關(guān)系的罕見例子。人類獲得蜂蜜，而響蜜鴷也會得到它們想要的——之前無法獲得的蜂窩中的臘，這種鳥類將其視為珍寶。斯波蒂斯伍德的研究為人類和這種鳥類之間的交流提供了證據(jù)。

“具體來說，我們想測試的是響蜜鴷是否會對人類發(fā)出聲音中含有的特定信息做出回應(yīng)，這種信息傳遞的信號是‘我在找蜂巢'，我們想將這種聲音和單純警示人類存在的聲音區(qū)分開來。”

研究團(tuán)隊發(fā)現(xiàn)，與其他的聲音相比，鳥類對第一種聲音的回應(yīng)較多。該研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上。

響蜜鴷可能對人類有幫助，但是對于其他鳥類來說，響蜜鴷則如猛獸一般。

響蜜鴷是鳥類中雙重性格的代表，如燕八哥或杜鵑一樣，響蜜鴷是巢內(nèi)寄生體——它們在其他鳥類的鳥巢中產(chǎn)蛋，然后利用其他物種撫育自己的孩子。同時響蜜鴷幼崽的喙部尖端呈鉤狀，一旦寄主的幼鳥孵化，這些響蜜鴷的幼崽就會用尖尖的嘴將其啄死。

斯波蒂斯伍德數(shù)年前捕捉到了這樣的恐怖鏡頭，大家可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢索“響蜜鴷謀殺”進(jìn)行觀看。

由于非洲城市化的程度越來越高，依賴響蜜鴷來尋找蜂蜜的人越來越少。因此，響蜜鴷和獵蜜人之間的關(guān)系可能會受到損害。

“在其他鳥巢中孵化的響蜜鴷幼鳥知道如何尋找蜂蜜。可是它們沒有從父母那里學(xué)習(xí)這種本領(lǐng)的機會。如果這種技能沒有經(jīng)驗的強化，也會失傳?！?/p>

在不遠(yuǎn)的將來，響蜜鴷可能仍然知道哪里有蜂巢——但是它們會保守秘密。

重點講解：

1. respond to 回復(fù);回答;回應(yīng);

例句：He responded to my suggestion with a nod.

他點頭回應(yīng)我的建議。

2. distinguish from 區(qū)分;辨別;分清;

例句：It's important to distinguish fact from fiction.

把現(xiàn)實與虛構(gòu)區(qū)分開來是很重要的。

3. to death (用于動詞后)以致死亡;

例句：He was beaten to death by thugs.

他被..毆打致死。

4. as soon as 一…就…;

例句：He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.

只要交了罰款，他就會被釋放。

5. keep sth. to oneself 把…秘而不宣;不將…說出去;

例句：I keep things to myself because I don't want shoulder anybody else with my problems.

我把事情藏在心底只是因為不想拿自己的問題去麻煩別人。