GRE分?jǐn)?shù)不理想申請(qǐng)拿不出手怎么辦?5個(gè)方法不用刷分也能順利拿OFFER?下面小編就和大家分享GRE分?jǐn)?shù)不理想怎么辦,希望能夠幫助到大家,快來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)吧。
GRE分?jǐn)?shù)不理想怎么辦
1. 用GPA成績(jī)來(lái)補(bǔ)足
一般來(lái)說(shuō),在出國(guó)留學(xué)提交申請(qǐng)時(shí),考生的GRE成績(jī)和平均學(xué)分績(jī)點(diǎn)GPA(Grade Point Average)會(huì)被統(tǒng)一看成academic index也就是學(xué)術(shù)指數(shù),通稱(chēng)AI。每一位申請(qǐng)者的AI都是申請(qǐng)表格中比較重要的組成部分。AI方面的數(shù)據(jù)自然是越高越好,而如果你的GRE成績(jī)不理想,那么一份足夠優(yōu)秀的GPA成績(jī)可能會(huì)為你彌補(bǔ)這個(gè)缺點(diǎn)。所以如果你的GRE分?jǐn)?shù)比較低,自己又沒(méi)有時(shí)間或者不想再刷分,那么盡可能提升一下GPA會(huì)是個(gè)很好的方法,具體如何提升大家可以在課程選擇、課堂活動(dòng)和些額外學(xué)術(shù)研究等方面想辦法。總而言之,如果考生能夠用足夠好的GPA來(lái)沖淡GRE低分帶來(lái)的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià),那么就不會(huì)給申請(qǐng)帶來(lái)影響。
2. 參加專(zhuān)業(yè)能力考試
和上面這個(gè)方式比較相似,GRE成績(jī)一定程度上代表了考生的學(xué)術(shù)能力,如果考生擔(dān)心GRE分?jǐn)?shù)太低會(huì)影響自己在專(zhuān)業(yè)能力方面受到的評(píng)價(jià),那么通過(guò)參加專(zhuān)業(yè)能力考試的方式來(lái)證明自己的學(xué)術(shù)能力就是很好的補(bǔ)償手段了。比如GRE考試本身有一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)則是GRE subject test。這個(gè)考試包含了8大專(zhuān)業(yè)分類(lèi),其成績(jī)對(duì)于證明考生的學(xué)術(shù)能力和專(zhuān)業(yè)能力是很有幫助的。大家如果GRE分?jǐn)?shù)不佳,但有一份專(zhuān)業(yè)對(duì)口且比較理想的GRE sbject test分?jǐn)?shù),那么在申請(qǐng)中就不用太擔(dān)心GRE低分了。
3. 強(qiáng)有力的推薦信
推薦信也是留學(xué)申請(qǐng)中不可或缺的重要環(huán)節(jié),申請(qǐng)者給出的推薦信如果是來(lái)自業(yè)內(nèi)比較知名學(xué)術(shù)水平受到廣泛認(rèn)可的教授或者專(zhuān)業(yè)人士,那么其說(shuō)服力也是相當(dāng)高的。特別是推薦信內(nèi)容中如果有明確對(duì)你的學(xué)術(shù)能力給予肯定,那么一份不太理想的GRE分?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)申請(qǐng)學(xué)校專(zhuān)業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)其實(shí)也并非不可接受。當(dāng)然,想要獲得此類(lèi)推薦信還是比較有難度的,所以這個(gè)方法的適用面可能不是很廣,但無(wú)論如此也是個(gè)比較有效的抹平GRE低分影響的方法,所以大家可以結(jié)合自身實(shí)際情況決定是否使用。
4. 通過(guò)課外活動(dòng)來(lái)證明能力
這個(gè)方法是從考生的Extracurricular也就是課外活動(dòng)部分來(lái)彌補(bǔ)GRE低分缺點(diǎn)的。一般來(lái)說(shuō)比較能夠得到學(xué)校認(rèn)可,可以證明自身學(xué)術(shù)能力的課外活動(dòng)有參加各類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)對(duì)口的國(guó)際競(jìng)賽、參與一些專(zhuān)業(yè)的項(xiàng)目研究、學(xué)術(shù)俱樂(lè)部或是到權(quán)威學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行過(guò)實(shí)習(xí)。這些活動(dòng)經(jīng)歷都可以一定程度上體現(xiàn)考生的學(xué)術(shù)能力,也是不錯(cuò)的申請(qǐng)加分項(xiàng)。
5. GRE成績(jī)拆分申請(qǐng)
最后這種方法是在GRE分?jǐn)?shù)本身做文章。GRE考試成績(jī)可以用來(lái)申請(qǐng)的學(xué)校專(zhuān)業(yè)很廣,分?jǐn)?shù)適用性比較高。而不同的學(xué)校專(zhuān)業(yè)對(duì)于GRE成績(jī)的具體要求其實(shí)也是有比較明顯的差異的,許多學(xué)校更關(guān)注的不是GRE總分而是語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)甚至作文的單科成績(jī)。因此考生完全可以揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短,在單科成績(jī)上面做做文章。比如,你申請(qǐng)的是文學(xué)類(lèi)(liberal arts)類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè),而GRE分?jǐn)?shù)中也是語(yǔ)文成績(jī)更好,那么你完全可以把GRE語(yǔ)文VERBAL部分的分?jǐn)?shù)更加凸顯出來(lái),學(xué)校對(duì)于你GRE數(shù)學(xué)分?jǐn)?shù)略低其實(shí)并不會(huì)太過(guò)在意;而如果考生申請(qǐng)的是STEM,也就是科學(xué)(Science),技術(shù)(Technology),工程(Engineering),數(shù)學(xué)(Mathematics)等專(zhuān)業(yè),那么突出一下自己的GRE數(shù)學(xué)QUANT分?jǐn)?shù)其實(shí)也能讓偏低的語(yǔ)文VERBAL分?jǐn)?shù)變得不那么要緊??偠灾?,根據(jù)不同學(xué)校的具體要求和專(zhuān)業(yè)偏向性,大家也可以順利避開(kāi)GRE分?jǐn)?shù)偏低這個(gè)影響申請(qǐng)的不利因素。
通過(guò)以上方法,小編相信大家即使GRE分?jǐn)?shù)不算太高甚至略低于學(xué)校要求的平均分?jǐn)?shù)線,想要成功通過(guò)申請(qǐng)拿到OFFER也并非不可能。當(dāng)然,這些方法都是為GRE分?jǐn)?shù)低又沒(méi)有時(shí)間精力刷分的同學(xué)準(zhǔn)備的應(yīng)急手段,絕不是常規(guī)操作。大家如果想讓申請(qǐng)變得更加順利,那么認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇继嵘鼼RE分?jǐn)?shù)才是更為穩(wěn)妥的做法。
GRE閱讀:文章中詞匯的考察形式
首先,新GRE閱讀中出現(xiàn)了詞匯題,即直接問(wèn)你某個(gè)單詞是什么意思
我們?cè)诳匆坏罉宇}中公布的閱讀題對(duì)于詞匯是如何考查的:
Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following reading passage.
Scholarship on political newspapers and their editors is dominated by the view that as the United States grew, the increasing influence of the press led, ultimately, to the neutral reporting from which we benefit today. Pasley considers this view oversimplified, because neutrality was not a goal of early national newspaper editing, even when editors disingenuously stated that they aimed to tell all sides of a story. Rather, the intensely partisan ideolies represented in newspapers of the early republic led to a clear demarcation between traditional and republican values. The editors responsible for the papers' content ―especially those with republican agendas ―began to see themselves as central figures in the development of political consciousness in the United States.
10. In the context in which it appears, "disingenuously" most nearly means
A. insincerely
B. guilelessly
C. obliquely
D. resolutely
E. pertinaciously
如果當(dāng)年,我們總結(jié)的天真純樸類(lèi)的單詞把握的比較好,如下:
天真純樸的
ingenuous=guileless=naive=simple=artless=unsophisticated
那么這道題,對(duì)于我們的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)就完全是送分題,對(duì)于GRE閱讀能力整體偏弱的中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),這樣的題目必須拿下。而拿下這些題目的最好手段,無(wú)疑就是按照我們?cè)诶螱RE詞匯班同樣的強(qiáng)度來(lái)把握詞匯。
更為重要的是,從新老GRE的官方備考指導(dǎo)來(lái)看,GRE閱讀考察共有13項(xiàng)能力,首當(dāng)其沖的就是“understanding the meaning of individual words.” 顯然,詞匯量,是閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)。經(jīng)過(guò)研究新GRE的官方備考指導(dǎo)中的閱讀文章可以得出結(jié)論,新GRE閱讀中的詞匯難度有了明顯的上升,這種上升是由于老GRE中的類(lèi)反單詞進(jìn)入文章和題目引起的。以下例子中可以反映出該結(jié)論。
在新GRE的備考指導(dǎo)閱讀中,有一篇2句話的文章。
“a person who agrees to serve as mediator between two warring factions at the request of both abandons by so agreeing the right to take sides later. To take sides at a later point would be to suggest that the earlier presumptive impartiality was a sham.”
若熟悉老GRE類(lèi)反,馬上可以聯(lián)想到這些題:
類(lèi)比:intercessor: mediate= translator: interpret
consensus: factionalism=expedition:foot-dragging
反義:faction <> unity
factional <> ecumenical
factious <> cooperative
debunk <> perpetuate to sham
sham <> genuine
同時(shí)我們注意到,下劃線的詞匯在閱讀黃皮書(shū)中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)。
另外有一篇文章
“Was Felix Mendelssohn(1809-1847) a great composer? On its face, the question seems absurd. One of the most gifted prodigies in the history of music, he produced his first masterpiece at sixteen. From then on, he was recnized as an artist of preternatural abilities, not only as a composer but also as a pianist and conductor. But Mendelssohn’s enduring popularity has often been at odds—sometimes quite sharply—with his critical standing. Despite general acknowledgement of his genius, there has been a noticeable reluctance to rank him with, say, Schumann or Brahms. As Haggin put it, Mendelssohn, as a composer, was a “minor master…working on a small scale of emotion and texture.”
同樣,老GRE中考到下劃加粗詞匯的類(lèi)比反義題:
類(lèi)比:prodigy: person= miracle: occurrence
反義:preternatural <> ordinary/prosaic
GRE閱讀文章:主體結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 結(jié)論-解釋型(也叫論點(diǎn)-解釋型)
首先是“結(jié)論-解釋型”文章。這類(lèi)文章在開(kāi)始有一個(gè)判斷句,一般是文章的結(jié)論,也是文章的主題。這個(gè)判斷句的謂語(yǔ)部分通常包含系動(dòng)詞(is, remain, prove, turn out, appear等)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, may, should, must等),而且含有表示態(tài)度的詞匯(如形容詞等)。例如,
Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth's subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern…
文章首句指出:“由于‘地震反射法’(sr)在勾劃地球的地下層面這方面的準(zhǔn)確性,該方法一直是探尋石油儲(chǔ)備的最重要的工具?!边@是一個(gè)判斷句,為結(jié)論。其中remains為系動(dòng)詞,而most important為態(tài)度詞,表示作者對(duì)“地震反射法”持非常正面的評(píng)價(jià)。后文應(yīng)解釋“地震反射法”的具體過(guò)程。 第二句話對(duì)解釋進(jìn)行總的說(shuō)明:“在實(shí)地作業(yè)中,通過(guò)將一系列波列源,諸如小規(guī)模炸藥爆炸,排列成一個(gè)網(wǎng)格模式,從而將地下層面標(biāo)繪出來(lái)?!苯酉聛?lái)是“地震反射法”的詳細(xì)過(guò)程。
2. 新老觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型
GRE閱讀文章的第二種常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)是“新老觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型”。 這類(lèi)文章在開(kāi)始提出老觀點(diǎn),然后提出新觀點(diǎn)并進(jìn)行論述。通常新觀點(diǎn)是文章的主題。老觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志詞有:
1. 傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn): has been, traditionally, until recently等
2. 大眾觀點(diǎn):frequently, widely, many等
新觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志詞有:however, recently, now等。
例如,
Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so that the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used.
However, a number of features that are characteristic of wind-pollinated plants reduce pollen waste…
文章首句指出:“傳統(tǒng)上,風(fēng)媒授粉過(guò)程一直被視為是一個(gè)以隨機(jī)事件為標(biāo)志的繁殖過(guò)程,其中風(fēng)的不確定性通過(guò)產(chǎn)生大量花粉而得以補(bǔ)償,因此,新種子的最終繁殖得以保證,而此舉的代價(jià)是所需產(chǎn)生的花粉要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)實(shí)際的使用量。”由第一個(gè)詞traditionally可知文章首句為老觀點(diǎn)(由于風(fēng)的不確定性,風(fēng)媒植物要產(chǎn)生大量花粉補(bǔ)償),那么本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是“新老觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型”。
第二段首句出現(xiàn)了GRE閱讀中的標(biāo)志性轉(zhuǎn)折詞however,說(shuō)明這句話就是新觀點(diǎn):“但是,風(fēng)媒植物所獨(dú)有的一系列特征可減少花粉浪費(fèi)?!边@說(shuō)明風(fēng)媒植物除了可以產(chǎn)生大量花粉加以補(bǔ)償?shù)南麡O策略之外,還可以通過(guò)一些積極機(jī)制減少花粉損失,不一定需要產(chǎn)生大量花粉。
3. 現(xiàn)象解釋型(包含問(wèn)題-解決方案型)
GRE閱讀文章的第三種常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)是“現(xiàn)象解釋型”。文章開(kāi)始提出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象,然后解釋現(xiàn)象。解釋是主題。有多個(gè)解釋時(shí),作者一般對(duì)前面的解釋持負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)最后的解釋持正面評(píng)價(jià)。提出現(xiàn)象時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞有:phenomenon, fact; problem, difficulty, puzzle, question等。例如,
What causes a helix in nature to appear with either a dextral ("right-handed,"or clockwise) twist or a sinistral ("left-handed," or counterclockwise') twist is one of the most intriguing puzzles in the science of form…What mechanisms, control handedness and keep left-handedness rare?
It would seem unlikely that evolution should discriminate against sinistral snails if sinistral and dextral snails are exact mirror images, for any disadvantage that a sinistral twist in itself could confer on its possessor is almost inconceivable. But left- and right-handed snails are not actually true mirror images of one another…
But this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have become predominant…
Here, the evolutionary theory must defer to a theory based on an explicit developmental mechanism that can favor either right- or left-handedness…Thus, the path to a solution to the puzzle of handedness in all snails appears to be as twisted as the helix itself。
是什么樣的原因致使自然界中的螺旋體呈現(xiàn)出右旋(“右向旋轉(zhuǎn)的”,或順時(shí)針的)或左旋(“左向旋轉(zhuǎn)的,”或反時(shí)針的)?這是形態(tài)科學(xué)中一個(gè)最引人入勝的不解之謎....。。究竟是一些什么樣的機(jī)制控制著旋轉(zhuǎn)方向,并使左旋的比例為數(shù)稀少呢??
假如左旋和右旋蝸牛呈完全一致的鏡像對(duì)稱(chēng)的話,那么進(jìn)化對(duì)左旋蝸牛不利,這近乎不太可能。幾乎無(wú)法想象左旋本身會(huì)給左旋者帶來(lái)任何不利之處。然而,左旋與右旋蝸牛彼此間實(shí)際上并不呈真正的鏡像對(duì)稱(chēng)....
但是,這種結(jié)合不對(duì)稱(chēng)、解剖學(xué)和偶然性的進(jìn)化論機(jī)制并未提供一種充分的解釋?zhuān)哉f(shuō)明蝸牛的右旋何以會(huì)成為主要的旋向....
于是,進(jìn)化論必須讓位于支持右旋或左旋的明確的發(fā)育機(jī)制為基礎(chǔ)的理論....。。因此,解決所有蝸牛身上旋向之謎的道路似乎與這一螺旋體本身一樣曲折復(fù)雜。
上文在第一段最后提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題:“究竟是一些什么樣的機(jī)制控制著旋轉(zhuǎn)方向,并使左旋的比例為數(shù)稀少呢??”這個(gè)問(wèn)題就是一個(gè)現(xiàn)象:螺旋體中左旋的比例少。有問(wèn)題就有解答,有現(xiàn)象就有解釋。第二段從進(jìn)化論的角度解釋這一現(xiàn)象。但是,GRE閱讀文章中一般對(duì)進(jìn)化論的解釋持負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià),所以需要尋找新的解釋。第三段否定了進(jìn)化論的解釋。在末段,作者以發(fā)育機(jī)制(developmental mechanism)解釋“為何左旋少、右旋多”。
把握了文章的三種主體結(jié)構(gòu)以后,做文章后的許多題時(shí)易如反掌。以上述的“結(jié)論——解釋型”文章為例,如果熟悉文章的主體結(jié)構(gòu),下面兩道題就很容易找到正確答案。
1. The passage is primarily concerned with
(A) describing an important technique
(B) discussing a new method
(C) investigating a controversial procedure
(D) announcing a significant discovery
(E) promoting a novel application
正確答案對(duì)應(yīng)文章首句的主題句。因此(A)為正確答案。
2. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
(A) A method is criticized, and an alternative is suggested
(B) An illustration is examined, and some errors are exposed
(C) An assertion is made, and a procedure is outlined
(D) A series of examples is presented, and a conclusion is drawn
(E) A hypothesis is advanced, and supporting evidence is supplied
本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是“結(jié)論—解釋型”,因此(C)為正確答案。