在托福聽力考試中,涉及說話人態(tài)度的題目常會(huì)給考生造成困擾。想要做好態(tài)度題,下面小編就和大家分享托福聽力中的說話人態(tài)度如何判斷,希望能夠幫助到大家,來欣賞一下吧。
托福聽力中的說話人態(tài)度如何判斷?
判斷態(tài)度先看語音語調(diào)
聽力中升調(diào)分為兩種:直升調(diào)和轉(zhuǎn)升調(diào)。直升調(diào)一般表示疑問;轉(zhuǎn)升調(diào)一般表示擔(dān)心,憂慮,疑惑,極度懷疑。句子以升調(diào)結(jié)尾,一般來講,大多數(shù)情況下表達(dá)如下三種情感:1 確認(rèn)信息 2質(zhì)疑(驚訝)態(tài)度 3 期待得到更多話題相關(guān)信息。一般來講,出現(xiàn)頻率的高低是:信息確認(rèn)最多;其次是期待得到更多話題相關(guān)信息;再次是質(zhì)疑(驚訝)態(tài)度。
特定詞語也具有引導(dǎo)作用
Now、OK、So、Well這些詞用在聽力文章中的段首時(shí),往往伴隨著非常強(qiáng)烈明顯的語調(diào)。這種情況在國外真實(shí)上課環(huán)境中也是經(jīng)常能遇到的。教授在深入講解一個(gè)話題之后,為了轉(zhuǎn)換到下一話題,老師往往會(huì)用NOW這樣的詞去喚醒學(xué)生的注意(或者喚醒已經(jīng)睡著的學(xué)生)。語調(diào)的變化往往意味著話題的轉(zhuǎn)變,也意味著課程內(nèi)容的變化。所以說,這類詞出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候,往往是承上啟下,開啟新話題的標(biāo)志。這類詞之后的內(nèi)容一定是至關(guān)重要,與考點(diǎn)直接相關(guān)的。
遇到驚訝詫異態(tài)度短語注意重聽題
比較典型的此類表達(dá)有:My god, Jesus。但是事實(shí)上,這類表達(dá)在真題中出現(xiàn)概率并不大,考的也很少,相比而言,類似于wow和Oops這樣的更加隱蔽的情感表達(dá)更容易被設(shè)題,也更容易被學(xué)生所忽略。具體練習(xí)方式,可參看我的“五遍聽力法”。
從反義疑問句讀法中找線索
在我們接受的傳統(tǒng)教育中,老師往往會(huì)讓學(xué)生以疑問句的方式讀出反義疑問句。換言之,反義疑問句是升調(diào)結(jié)束。但是事實(shí)上,很多時(shí)候,老外也會(huì)用降調(diào)方式去說反義疑問句。我在留學(xué)期間,經(jīng)常聽見教授上課時(shí)用反義疑問區(qū)表達(dá)特別肯定的情感。比如:“油跟水是不相容的,不是嘛?”如果這樣一句英文用降調(diào)讀出來,聽來就特別像是:“油跟水是不相容的,沒錯(cuò)吧?”托福作為語言能力測(cè)試,必然會(huì)如實(shí)反映老外說話的習(xí)慣。所以當(dāng)聽力原文中,反義疑問句用降調(diào)說出,老師特別期待學(xué)生給出肯定的回答。
說話者單詞讀音拉長(zhǎng)有玄機(jī)
教授講課將單詞拉長(zhǎng)音的情況,大多數(shù)可以歸納為以下三種概念:1啟發(fā)(鼓勵(lì))學(xué)生回答。2 自問自答。 3 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。拉長(zhǎng)音單詞雖然與可能出現(xiàn)試題無太大直接關(guān)系,但是之后出現(xiàn)信息往往是與考點(diǎn)直接相關(guān)信息。所以長(zhǎng)音單詞是筆記內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的重要提示。
托福聽力練習(xí)對(duì)照文本
The winds of a tornado are the most violent and destructive ones on Earth.
龍卷風(fēng)是地球上最猛烈和最具破壞性的風(fēng)。
Any of you who have seen one knows very well how frightening and powerful they are.
任何看見過龍卷風(fēng)的人都非常了解他們是多么令人恐懼和強(qiáng)大。
What's interesting about them is that scientists don't actually know exactly why tornadoes occur.
關(guān)于它們有意思的是科學(xué)家事實(shí)上并不確切地知道龍卷風(fēng)為什么發(fā)生。
We do know, however, what happens when tornadoes are formed.
然而,我們的確知道,當(dāng)龍卷風(fēng)形成時(shí)發(fā)生了什么。
As you remember, a front occurs when cool, dry air from the north meets warm, humid air coming from the south, from the Gulf of Mexico, for tornadoes in the United States.
正如你們所記得的,當(dāng)來自北方的涼爽干燥的空氣遇到來自南方,來自墨西哥灣的溫暖濕潤(rùn)的空氣,會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)峰,形成在美國的龍卷風(fēng)。
Where these air masses meet, a narrow zone of storm clouds develops, and thunderstorms, and sometimes tornadoes, occur.
在這些氣團(tuán)相遇的地方,一個(gè)狹窄的暴風(fēng)雨云團(tuán)地帶形成了,還有雷暴,以及有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生龍卷風(fēng)。
How is this violent weather produced?
這種猛烈的天氣是如何產(chǎn)生的?
Well, a mass of warm, humid air rises very rapidly.
好,大量的暖濕空氣上升非常快。
As it rises, more warm air rushes in to replace it.
當(dāng)它上升時(shí),更多的溫暖空氣沖進(jìn)來頂替它。
This inrushing air also rises, and in some cases, especially when there is extreme thermal instability, begins to rotate.
這種沖進(jìn)來的空氣同樣上升,在某種情況下,尤其當(dāng)有極度的熱不穩(wěn)定性時(shí),(空氣)開始旋轉(zhuǎn)了。
When this happens, the rotating air forms a tornado.
當(dāng)這事兒發(fā)生時(shí),旋轉(zhuǎn)著的空氣形成了龍卷風(fēng)。
Even if you've seen tornadoes only in movies, you know that they can demolish buildings in seconds.
即使你只在電影里見過龍卷風(fēng),你(也會(huì))知道它們能短時(shí)間內(nèi)毀壞建筑物。
This is possible because when a tornado passes over a house, it sucks up air from around the house and so the air pressure outside the house drops rapidly.
這是可能的,因?yàn)楫?dāng)龍卷風(fēng)經(jīng)過一間房屋,它吸走了房子周圍的空氣,因此房屋外面的氣壓下降很快。
Inside, pressure remains the same.
在內(nèi)部,氣壓保持原來(的水平)
So, air pressure inside is greater than air pressure outside.
所以,內(nèi)部的氣壓高過于外部的氣壓
The result is that the building explodes outward.
結(jié)果是建筑物向外爆炸
Next, we'll talk a little bit about how new technological developments are being used to try to predict tornadoes.
接下來,我們將談一點(diǎn)關(guān)于新的技術(shù)發(fā)展正在被應(yīng)用于預(yù)測(cè)龍卷風(fēng)。
托福聽力練習(xí)對(duì)照文本
At last month's meeting you asked me to draw up a report about the possibility of keeping the student center open twenty-four hours a day.
在上個(gè)月的會(huì)議上你們要求我起草一個(gè)報(bào)告,關(guān)于保持學(xué)生中心每天24小時(shí)開放的可能性。
I decided that the best way to assess the need for expanded hours was to talk to the people who were still in the student center at closing time.
我判斷評(píng)估增加小時(shí)數(shù)的需求的最好方法是與在關(guān)閉時(shí)間依然在學(xué)生中心里面的人談?wù)劇?/p>
First, over the course of the two weeks, I interviewed more than fifty students as they left the student center at its regular closing time of twelve midnight.
首先,在過去兩周的進(jìn)程中,我面談了超過五十名同學(xué),當(dāng)他們?cè)谕ǔ5奈缫?2點(diǎn)的關(guān)閉時(shí)間離開學(xué)生中心時(shí)。
About eighty percent of them said they would prefer that the center stay open later.
他們中的大約百分之八十說,他們更喜歡中心保持開放更晚些。
Of the three main uses of the center—eating in the snack bar, recreation in the game room or watching TV, and studying by far the most popular late night activity is—and this may surprise you—studying.
中心的三大用途——在快餐部吃東西,在娛樂室消遣或看電視,以及學(xué)習(xí),目前為止最普遍的深夜活動(dòng)是——這也許會(huì)讓你們很驚訝——學(xué)習(xí)。
Almost all of the people I talked to said that their main reason for being in the center after ten p.m. was to study in groups or to find a quiet place to study because their dorm was too noisy.
和我談過的幾乎所有的人都說,他們晚上10點(diǎn)之后呆在中心的主要原因是小組學(xué)習(xí)或者是找一個(gè)安靜的地方學(xué)習(xí),因?yàn)樗麄兊乃奚崽[了。
Of course, many of these people used the snack bar or TV room for breaks.
當(dāng)然,許多這些人使用快餐部或者電視房來休息。
My recommendation is that we ask the administration to keep the center open after midnight for studying.
我的建議是我們要求管理部門在午夜后保持中心開放用來學(xué)習(xí)。
The recreation room and snack bar can still close at the usual time.
娛樂室和快餐部依舊在通常的時(shí)間關(guān)閉。
This should meet the objection that it costs too much to staff the center from midnight to eight a.m., which I'm sure will be the first response.
這應(yīng)該符合異議,就是從午夜到上午8點(diǎn)給中心配備工作人員成本太高,這點(diǎn)我肯定會(huì)是第一個(gè)反應(yīng)。
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