托福聽力考試和其它三個科目一樣，都對考生的英語基礎有很高的要求。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈Ｂ犃_刺高分先打好這4項基礎，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

【備考提分】托福聽力沖刺高分先打好這4項基礎

一、詞匯

對于提高托福聽力成績鞏固基礎首先的要求則是詞匯。詞匯學習目前已經(jīng)是一個老生常談的話題。考生必須要擁有至少5000左右的詞匯量才行。

二、聽懂單詞

托福聽力其實就是把一些閱讀文章去報給學生聽。因為英語對于中國的學習者來說完全就是一門外語了，如果在缺乏一定語言環(huán)境的情況下，大家往往是只能看得懂文章，但是完全聽不懂的，所以要求考生在備考的時候必須要通過努力去做到聽懂單詞。

三、記筆記

再次就是記筆記了，在這里不用多說，其實對于那種程度特別好的學生而言是完全可以忽略。但是對于那種基礎較差的學生而言，你們一定要讓自己去嘗試記下一些單詞，特別是那些在文章中不斷強調(diào)出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵性名詞詞組，當學生存在一些實在聽不懂題目的時候，往往可以根據(jù)自己記下來的名詞詞組嘗試進行推斷做題。

四、做考前預測

最后，在托福聽力考前最好是去做一下考前預測，那些基礎較為薄弱的學生普遍都會有一種投機心理。看看預測的話往往能夠去大大的提高大家的自信心，這樣大家做題的狀態(tài)就會變得更好。

2020托福聽力練習：抗嗝化合物減少奶牛甲烷排放

The global population is now nearly seven and a half billion.

And that's just humans.

Because our planet is also home to one-and-a-half-billion cows, another billion sheep, and a billion goats.

Their combined belches account for a full fifth of the world's methane emissions—and methane is about 30 times more potent at trapping heat than CO2.

But those methane emissions might get cut—by feeding the grazers something called 3-nitro oxypropanol.

"I can tell you, they like it.

No rejection at all."

Maik Kindermann, an organic chemist at DSM Nutritional Products in Switzerland.

Liking it, in the cow world, he says basically means they'll still gobble up their food, even with this stuff mixed in.

Kindermann's company developed the additive a few years back.

And it only targets those methane-belching microbes, while leaving the rest of the microbiome untouched.

The result?

A 30 percent decrease in methane emissions.

The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Kindermann says he thinks the compound could be a win-win for the planet—and the animals.

"You know the methane is kind of a waste product.

And this energy, instead of losing it for the animal, it can be reused for the animal in terms of performance, and at the same time we are doing something for greenhouse gas emission and climate change."

The product's not on the market yet—toxicology tests are ongoing.

But the hope is that it might take some of the heat off of beef.

現(xiàn)在全世界人口數(shù)量約是75億。

但這只是人類的數(shù)量。

因為我們的地球也是15億奶牛、10億綿羊及10億山羊的家園。

這些動物反芻所排放的甲烷總量約占世界總量的1/5—而同時甲烷吸收熱量的能力約是二氧化碳的30倍。

但在這些食草動物被喂食名為3-nitrooxypropanol的抗嗝化合物后，甲烷的排放量正在減少。

“我可以告訴你，它們真的很喜歡這種化合物。

真的一點也不排斥?！?/p>

瑞士DSM營養(yǎng)產(chǎn)品的有機化學家馬克·金德曼說道。

他表示奶牛們非常喜歡這種化合物，即使添加到食物中，奶牛們?nèi)詴峭袒⒀省?/p>

金德曼的公司在幾年前研發(fā)出這種添加劑。

這種添加劑會攔截動物體內(nèi)的微生物生成產(chǎn)生甲烷至關(guān)重要的酶。

而3-nitrooxypropanol只針對生成甲烷的微生物，其他微生物則不受影響。

結(jié)果如何呢?

甲烷排放減少30%。

這項研究已經(jīng)在《美國國家科學院院刊》上發(fā)表。

金德曼認為這種化合物對地球和人類而言是一種雙贏。

“甲烷是一種廢物。

動物們可以再利用這種能源，而不是進行浪費，與此同時，我們在為溫室氣體排放及氣候變化盡一份力?！?/p>

這款產(chǎn)品正在進行毒性測試，目前還未在市場上流通。

但我們希望的是,能夠減少牛肉的一些熱量。

1.account for 對…負有責任

例句:Computers account for 5% of the country's commercial electricity consumption.

計算機占去該國商業(yè)用電的5%。

2.get cut 減少

例句:If you are going to stand in front then it will get cut.

如果你站在植物前面就會被剪到。

3.at all 根本;簡直

例句:I certainly don't remember talking to you at all.

我當然完全不記得和你講過話。

4.mix in 混合

例句:Add the milk to the flour, and then mix in three eggs.

往面粉里加牛奶，再拌入3個雞蛋。

2020托福聽力練習：科學家扮成北極熊接近麝牛

"So I just don't approach, at least initially, a group of musk oxen."

Joel Berger, with the Wildlife Conservation Society and Colorado State University.

"What I do is to take into account other factors that might reflect their responses. And so what I need to know is something about the group size, whether or not males are in the group. I need to know something about snow depth, about snow penetration or how hard the snow is. And then I'll approach and try to understand whether they stay, whether they flee, whether they charge."

Oh, one more important point. When Berger approaches the musk oxen, on Russia's Wrangel Island north of the Arctic Circle, he's dressed up like a polar bear.

"I know the media has a good time when we dress up as animal models. Of course they do. But remember, two Nobel laureates, Conrad Lorentz and Niko Tinbergen, led the way for getting inside the minds of animals...and they've done this through innovative models."

Polar bears prefer seals for their meals. But the loss of sea ice is forcing them onto the land to hunt for prey that's usually not on their menu. The idea here is to gauge the response of musk oxen to this formerly rare threat.

"It's really tough to get inside the mind of a musk ox and especially to understand from mere anecdotes how they may respond in this emerging dynamic."

Berger works with Russian researchers on their side of the Bering Strait and with Americans in Alaska.

"We're currently in the process of evaluating more than 100 simulated interactions, some that include our three years of work in Alaska, as well as over on the Russian side...the last time I did something like this was about 15 years ago, to understand how moose and other species would respond to the new threat of wolves in and around the Yellowstone system."

Back then, Berger and his wife would get into a moose outfit to be able to get close to the ungulates. I wrote about that effort in 1997. You can find it by googling my name and Joel Berger—a man who's work really suits him. (That joke was unbearable.)

“我不會靠近，至少不會從一開始就靠近一群麝牛。”

喬爾·博格在野生動物保護協(xié)會和科羅拉多州立大學工作。

“我采取的方法是，把其他可能影響它們反應的因素都考慮進去。我需要知道麝牛群的規(guī)模，這群麝牛里是否有雄性麝牛。我還要了解積雪的深度、滲透性及硬度。之后我才會逐漸靠近它們，試圖去了解它們是會留在原地，會逃走，還是會發(fā)動攻擊?！?/p>

還有一個重點。博格在位于北極圈以北的俄羅斯弗蘭格爾島靠近麝牛時，他會打扮得像一只北極熊。

“我知道媒體看到我們打扮成動物的樣子會很高興。他們當然會高興。不過要記住，引領(lǐng)我們?nèi)チ私鈩游锼枷氲氖莾晌恢Z貝爾獎獲得者——康拉德·洛倫茲和尼古拉斯·廷伯根，他們采用的就是創(chuàng)新模式?！?/p>

北極熊最愛吃海豹。但是海冰的減少迫使它們?nèi)リ懙厣喜妒潮静辉谒鼈儾妒撤秶鷥?nèi)的獵物。博格的目的是評估麝牛面對這種罕見威脅時的反應。

“了解麝牛的想法真的非常難，只憑軼事來了解他們會如何應對這種新出現(xiàn)的變化更難。”

博格同俄羅斯研究人員在白令海峽劃分的俄羅斯境內(nèi)一起工作，同美國研究人員在阿拉斯加工作。

“目前我們正在對100余個模擬交互作用進行評估，這其中包括阿拉斯加方面三年的工作成果，以及俄羅斯方面的成果，我上次做這種工作是在15年前，當時我研究的是駝鹿和其他物種如何應對黃石公園內(nèi)部和周邊狼群的威脅?！?/p>

那時，博格和他的妻子會穿上駝鹿裝，以接近這一有蹄類哺乳動物。1997年時我曾寫過有關(guān)那次研究的文章。聽眾可以用谷歌搜索我和博格的名字找到這篇文章，博格的工作真的很適合他。(這個玩笑很無聊)

重點講解：

1. take into account 考慮到;把…計算在內(nèi);

例句：He will take into account my request.

他會考慮我的要求。

2. dress up 裝扮;打扮;

例句：He often dresses up as a superman.

他經(jīng)常把自己裝扮成超人。

3. hunt for (人)打獵，獵殺;(動物)獵食;

例句：Davy liked to hunt for bears best of all.

大衛(wèi)最喜歡獵熊了。

4. repond to 應對;作出回應;作出反應;

例句：A child's age affects the child how repond to the diaster.

孩子的年齡也會影響他們對災難的反應。