托福聽力素材雖然涉及到的多為校園生活和課堂講座內(nèi)容，但其中包含的話題種類很多，對考生的知識面有較高要求。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈Ｂ犃υ捄椭v座類內(nèi)容敘述結(jié)構(gòu)詳細(xì)介紹 ，希望能夠幫助到到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福聽力對話和講座類內(nèi)容敘述結(jié)構(gòu)詳細(xì)介紹

托福聽力內(nèi)容類型介紹

托福聽力從類型可分為兩類，對話(conversation)和講座(lecture)。我們都是到，對話里的場景內(nèi)容都取材自北美校園生活，講座則是取材自北美課堂。那么我們來分別分析一下二者異同。

托福聽力兩種類型區(qū)別分析

對話是怎樣的?幾個人湊一堆，就某一話題事件你一言我一語發(fā)表個人看法。在這里，托福聽力對話將場景適當(dāng)簡化，一般都是兩個人就某一問題的討論。所以我們所聽到的對話中，除了開頭那一句交代一下兩人身份職位外，是沒有任何旁白的。我們平時的生活中，什么和這個特別像??美劇。沒錯，就是美劇。所以說，我們在聽對話的時候，也要帶著一顆分析劇情的心來聽

那么，劇情是什么?無非就是三條：開頭、中間和結(jié)尾。開頭代表了，一段對話的起因。這段對話緣何而起?兩個角色是因為什么矛盾走到一起發(fā)生著一段對話?他們想解決的問題是什么?所以各自一出場也就代表了一個立場。那么對話的中間部分，就是兩個人解決問題的過程了。在這段過程中，二人分別在各自的立場逐條拋出觀點，通過一個又一個的疑問句串起全文。最后一部分，也就是問題的解決。學(xué)生開開心心再見，或者牢騷幾句后與老師達(dá)成一致，具體情況具體分析即可。

與之相比，講座則有太大的特色。講座作為學(xué)術(shù)類的選題，內(nèi)容的展開其實與說明文超級相似，都是各種總分。文章提出一個總的中心關(guān)鍵詞，每一個段落再提出一個其下的子類別關(guān)鍵詞，分別都遵循著“專有名詞提出、解釋說明、舉例或詳解”一樣的套路。

考生了解聽力結(jié)構(gòu)有什么用?

如果是大神級考生，基本大部分內(nèi)容都可以無傷理解，那么在結(jié)構(gòu)上多投入精力會幫助你大幅提高理解文章的能力，甚至預(yù)測下文都不在話下。但如果基礎(chǔ)相對薄弱，在背單詞和聽寫提高基本理解的同時，那么把握文章基本段落結(jié)構(gòu)也是幫助大家理清思路的有力武器!

托福聽力練習(xí)對照文本

So, uh . . . as Jim said, James Polk was the eleventh President, and . . . uh . . . well, my report's about the next President—Zachary Taylor. Taylor was elected in 1849.

那么，呃……就像Jim所說，James Polk曾經(jīng)是第十一任總統(tǒng)，并且……呃……好，我的報告是關(guān)于下任總統(tǒng)-- Zachary Taylor。Taylor于1849年當(dāng)選。

It's surprising because . . . well, he was the first President that didn't have any previous political experience.

令人驚訝的是因為……好吧，他是第一個在之前沒有任何政治經(jīng)驗的總統(tǒng)。

The main reason he was chosen as a candidate was because he was a war hero.

他被選作候選人的主要原因是他曾是一個戰(zhàn)爭英雄。

In the army, his men called him "Old Rough and Ready". I guess because of his . . . "rough edges."

在軍隊中，他的手下叫他“大老粗”。我猜是因為他的…… “棱角”

He was kind of blunt and he didn't really look like a military hero.

他有些直率，而且他真的看起來不像一個戰(zhàn)斗英雄。

He liked to do things like wear civilian clothes instead of a uniform, even in battle.

他喜歡做的事情，比如穿便服而不是制服，即使是在戰(zhàn)斗中。

And he was so short and plump he had to be lifted up onto his horse.

而且他是如此的矮和粗壯，他不得不被抬到他的馬上。

But he did win a lot of battles and he became more and more popular.

但他的確贏了很多戰(zhàn)爭，而且他變得越來越受歡迎。

So, the Whig party decided to nominate him for the presidency, even though no one knew anything about where he stood on the issues.

所以，輝格黨決定提名他參加總統(tǒng)競選，即使沒人知道他站在議題的哪一端。

I couldn't find much about his accomplishments, probably because he was only in office about a year and a half before he died.

我沒能找到很多關(guān)于他的成就，可能是因為他在去世前僅僅執(zhí)政了一年半。

But one thing, he pushed for the development of the transcontinental railroad because he thought it was important to form a link with the West Coast.

但有一件事，他努力爭取了橫穿大陸的鐵路線的發(fā)展，因為他認(rèn)為同西海岸形成一個連接是很重要的。

There was a lot of wealth in California and Oregon from commerce and minerals and stuff.

在California 和 Oregon有大量的源自商業(yè)和礦產(chǎn)等的財富。

Also, he established an agricultural bureau in the Department of the Interior and promoted more government aid to agriculture.

并且，他在內(nèi)政部建立了一個農(nóng)業(yè)局，并且促進(jìn)了對于農(nóng)業(yè)的更多的國家援助。

Well, that's about all I found. Like I said, he died in office in 1850, so his Vice President took over, and that's the next report, so . . . thank you.

好，這就是我所有的發(fā)現(xiàn)。就像我說過的，他于1850年在任時去世，因此他的副總統(tǒng)接任，這是下一個報告，那么……謝謝大家。

托福聽力練習(xí)對照文本

I want to welcome each and every balloon enthusiast to Philadelphia.

我想要歡迎每一位氣球愛好者來到Philadelphia

Thank you for coming here this morning to commemorate the first balloon voyage in the United States.

感謝大家今天早上來到這里紀(jì)念在美國的第一次氣球航行。

On January 9, 1793, at ten o'clock in the morning, a silk balloon lifted into the skies above this city, which was, at the time, the capital of the country.

在1793年1月9日，上午十點鐘，一個絲質(zhì)氣球在這個城市上空升起，這里，在當(dāng)時，是國家的首都。

According to the original records of the flight, the voyage lasted forty-six minutes, from its departure in Philadelphia to its landing across the Delaware River in New Jersey.

根據(jù)飛行的原始記錄，這次航行持續(xù)了46分鐘，從它的出發(fā)地Philadelphia到它穿過Delaware河著陸在New Jersey。

Though our pilots today will try to approximate the original landing site, they're at the mercy of the winds, so who knows where they'll drift off to.

雖然我們的飛行員今天將試圖去接近最初的著陸地點，他們還要受到風(fēng)的支配，所以誰知道他們將飄到哪里去。

Even the balloonist in 1793 experienced some uncertain weather that day.

即使是在1793年，氣球駕駛者那天也經(jīng)歷了一些變幻莫測的天氣

There were clouds, fog, and mist in various directions.

有云，霧，并且薄霧在不同的方向上。

Our reenactment promises to be nothing less than spectacular.

我們的場景重現(xiàn)，發(fā)誓要成為完全的盛景。

The yellow balloon directly behind me is five stories high.

在我正后方的黃色氣球有五層樓高。

It's inflated with helium, unlike the original, which was filled with hydrogen and, unbeknownst to the pilot, potentially explosive.

它充滿了氦氣，和原來不同，那個是充的氫氣，飛行員不知道的是，有爆炸的可能性。

Gas-filled models are pretty uncommon now because of the extremely high cost, so the eighty other balloons in today's launch are hot air, heated by propane burners.

因為極高的成本，充氣的型號現(xiàn)在很少見。所以今天起飛的另外80是個氣球是熱氣(球)，由丙烷燃燒器加熱。

These balloons are from all over the country.

這些氣球來自全國各地。

托福聽力練習(xí)對照文本

I'm glad you brought up the question of our investigations into the makeup of the Earth's interior.

我很高興你們提出我們進(jìn)入地球內(nèi)部的組成的調(diào)查的問題。

In fact, since this is the topic of your reading assignment for next time, let me spend these last few minutes of class talking about it.

事實上，由于這是你們下次閱讀作業(yè)的課題，讓我花上這最后幾分鐘的課堂時間來談一下它。

There were several important discoveries in the early part of this century that helped geologists develop a more accurate picture of the Earth's interior.

本世紀(jì)早期有一些重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)，能夠幫助地質(zhì)學(xué)家開發(fā)出一個更精確的地球內(nèi)部的圖片。

The first key discovery had to do with seismic waves.

第一個關(guān)鍵的發(fā)現(xiàn)不得不同地震波相關(guān)。

Remember they are the vibrations caused by earthquakes.

要記得他們是地震引起的震動。

Well, scientists found that they traveled thousands of miles through the Earth's interior.

好的，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)他們穿過地球內(nèi)部通行了數(shù)千英里。

This finding enabled geologists to study the inner parts of the Earth.

這個發(fā)現(xiàn)是的地質(zhì)學(xué)家更夠研究地球的內(nèi)部。

You see, these studies revealed that these vibrations were of two types: compression or P waves and shear or S waves.

你看，這些研究顯示這些震動是兩種類型：漲縮波或者說P波和畸變波或者說S波。

And researchers found that P waves travel through both liquids and solids, while S waves travel only through solid matter.

同時研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)P波能穿行液體和固體兩種，而s波只能穿行固體物質(zhì)。

In 1906, a British geologist discovered that P waves slowed down at a certain depth but kept traveling deeper.

在1906年，一個英國地質(zhì)學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)P波在一定的深度會減速，但是會繼續(xù)穿行更深。

On the other hand, S waves either disappeared or were reflected back, so he concluded that the depth marked the boundary between a solid mantle and a liquid core.

另一方面，S波要么消失，或者被反射，所以他推斷這個深度標(biāo)示了固態(tài)地幔和液態(tài)地核的界限。

Three years later, another boundary was discovered that between the mantle and the Earth's crust.

三年后，另一個分界線被發(fā)現(xiàn)，是在地幔和地殼之間。

There's still a lot to be learned about the Earth.

關(guān)于地球還有許多要學(xué)習(xí)的。

For instance, geologists know that the core is hot. Evidence of this is the molten lava that flows out of volcanoes. But we're still not sure what the source of the heat is.

舉例來說，地質(zhì)學(xué)家知道地核是熱的。這點的證據(jù)是火山中流出的熔巖。但我們依然不知道熱源是什么。