英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)本來(lái)對(duì)于很多人來(lái)說(shuō)就是不容易練成的，如果你正在備戰(zhàn)英語(yǔ)口譯考試，那么口語(yǔ)部分一定要過(guò)關(guān)。下面小編就和大家分享翻譯技巧：英語(yǔ)口譯練習(xí)幾步走，希望能夠幫助到大家，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
翻譯技巧：英語(yǔ)口譯練習(xí)幾步走
口譯初學(xué)者，從無(wú)筆記口譯轉(zhuǎn)入到有筆記口譯訓(xùn)練的階段，往往陷入聽(tīng)的懂卻不記不下來(lái)或者一記筆記就無(wú)法聽(tīng)的困境，甚至手忙腳亂，不知所措。to listening or to note-taking，that is a problem.主要原因有三：一是聽(tīng)辨能力不過(guò)關(guān)，不能很好的分辨意群和主次信息;二是，精力分配(effort coordination)，只能將注意力放在聽(tīng)上或者寫(xiě)上，無(wú)法找到聽(tīng)和記之間的平衡。三是，筆記技巧不熟，沒(méi)有形成自己的筆記體系。
口譯筆記是大腦短期記憶的有效補(bǔ)充。用的好，會(huì)成為譯員手上的大殺器;用不好，會(huì)成為譯員的絆腳石。在縱寫(xiě)布局、并列式疊加分布、分層縮進(jìn)等通用原則基礎(chǔ)上，口譯學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該結(jié)合自己的思維特點(diǎn)和理解習(xí)慣，設(shè)計(jì)個(gè)人的筆記體系。經(jīng)過(guò)一定量的練習(xí)，并采用一定的方法，則可以形成簡(jiǎn)潔和便利的口譯筆記。
第一步——無(wú)限時(shí)中文視記練習(xí)：即看著中文文本，邊進(jìn)行邏輯分析，邊記口譯筆記。無(wú)時(shí)間限制，認(rèn)真分析原文結(jié)構(gòu)，進(jìn)行筆記。筆記完畢后，不看原文，用中文或者英文讀出筆記記錄的內(nèi)容。對(duì)同一個(gè)段落可以反復(fù)練習(xí)三到四遍，直到產(chǎn)生最簡(jiǎn)潔有效的筆記。該練習(xí)，由于無(wú)聽(tīng)辨煩擾、無(wú)時(shí)間壓力，初學(xué)者可以充分熟悉筆記技巧，初步設(shè)計(jì)出自己的筆記體系。
第二步——英文視記練習(xí)：步驟同中文視記練習(xí)。練習(xí)時(shí)，需體會(huì)中、英文語(yǔ)言差異對(duì)筆記帶來(lái)的影響。
第三步——限時(shí)視記練習(xí)：以正常語(yǔ)速朗讀文章，記錄下朗讀完畢所需要的時(shí)間。然后以稍長(zhǎng)于剛才朗讀時(shí)間的時(shí)間段為限，在限定時(shí)間內(nèi)，看著中文/英文文本，記口譯筆記。比如，如果朗讀完原文的時(shí)間為1分30秒，則限定時(shí)間可為1分45秒，在1分45秒內(nèi)要完成筆記，然后用中文或英文讀出筆記。
如果能在1分45秒內(nèi)完成所有筆記，則將限定時(shí)間定為1分35秒，然后筆記、閱讀筆記。達(dá)到目標(biāo)后，將時(shí)間限定為1分25秒-30秒，然后記筆記、閱讀筆記。該練習(xí)，可以模擬聽(tīng)記時(shí)的時(shí)間壓力，培養(yǎng)迅速的區(qū)分主次信息、選擇筆記記憶點(diǎn)的能力。
第四步——中文聽(tīng)記練習(xí)：聽(tīng)中文原文，然后記筆記，記完之后用中文或英文翻譯剛才記錄的內(nèi)容。同一段落可以反復(fù)練習(xí)兩遍，并將兩遍筆記進(jìn)行對(duì)比和分析，找出問(wèn)題所在。多余中國(guó)學(xué)生，由于中文是母語(yǔ)，聽(tīng)力和輸入不是問(wèn)題。放在聽(tīng)辨上的精力要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于聽(tīng)英文時(shí)的精力，可以幫助學(xué)習(xí)者練習(xí)聽(tīng)辨及筆記的結(jié)合，練習(xí)精力分配，找到聽(tīng)和記的平衡點(diǎn)。
第五步——慢速英文聽(tīng)記練習(xí)：聽(tīng)英文原文，然后記筆記，記完之后用中文或英文翻譯剛才記錄的內(nèi)容。同一段落可以反復(fù)練習(xí)兩遍，并將兩遍筆記進(jìn)行對(duì)比和分析，找出問(wèn)題所在，并體會(huì)中、英文語(yǔ)言差異對(duì)筆記帶來(lái)的影響。盡管語(yǔ)速較慢，由于是非母語(yǔ)，對(duì)聽(tīng)辨的能力要求提高，需要更好的在聽(tīng)和記之間進(jìn)行精力分配。
第六步——標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)速英文聽(tīng)記練習(xí)：方法同第五步。為充分消化聽(tīng)辨的壓力，材料選取需從易到難，從熟悉的材料開(kāi)始入手，難逐漸加大。材料內(nèi)容，從邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)清晰明了的演講或者新聞入手，然后進(jìn)入到訪談、報(bào)道、大會(huì)發(fā)言等對(duì)需要較高邏輯分析的文章上來(lái)。反復(fù)練習(xí)，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)手耳并行，有條不紊。
當(dāng)然，筆記固然重要，但是不能迷信筆記。在口譯過(guò)程中，永遠(yuǎn)是腦記為主、筆記為輔，筆記不可取代腦記。另外，不管是看著文本視記還是聽(tīng)原文聽(tīng)記，筆記永遠(yuǎn)是以邏輯分析和信息理解為基礎(chǔ)的，不分析，則無(wú)記錄。不理解，則無(wú)有效記錄。
2020年catti中級(jí)口譯精選練習(xí)題
電大 college courses broadcast on television 墊 付 "advancement, payment on account" 電話號(hào)碼升位 upgrade telephone number
電話會(huì)議 teleconference
電話會(huì)議呼叫 Conference calling
電話勒索 telephone extortionist.
電老虎 electricity guzzler; big power consumer
點(diǎn)面結(jié)合 integrate point and sphere
點(diǎn)名冊(cè) roll book
電腦病毒 computer virus
電腦犯罪 computer crime
電腦校對(duì)機(jī) electronic-brain co llator
電腦空間 cyberspace
電腦聊天 cyberchat
電腦盲 computer illiterate
電腦迷 mouse potato
點(diǎn)球 penalty kick
電視電影 made-for-television movie (A total of 28 Primetime Emmy Awards, especially those involving made-for-television movies and miniseries that were previously excluded from the live broadcast, will be presented live by CBS television during the Sept. 20 event, according to a report on the Dailynews website. 《每日新聞》網(wǎng)站報(bào)道稱(chēng)，美國(guó)哥倫比亞電視臺(tái)將于 9 月 20 日現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播黃金時(shí)
段節(jié)目艾美獎(jiǎng)?lì)C獎(jiǎng)典禮。艾美獎(jiǎng)所有 28 個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)都將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播，其中還包括原本不在此列的
電視電影獎(jiǎng)和電視系列短劇獎(jiǎng)。)
電視發(fā)射臺(tái) television transmitting station
電視會(huì)議 video conference
電視迷 couch potato
電視網(wǎng) television network
電 視 真 人 秀 television reality shows (Television reality shows are losing their audience appeal in China, according to a market research.一項(xiàng)市場(chǎng)調(diào)查表明，在中國(guó)，電視真人秀逐漸失去了對(duì)觀眾的吸引力。)
電視直銷(xiāo) TV home shopping
電信運(yùn)營(yíng)商 telecom operators
電信詐騙 e-crime (A crackdown on "e-crime" has revealed gangs are having the greatest success among older people and women, an official from the Min istry of Public Security said Monday. 周一，公安部通報(bào)打擊電信詐騙犯罪專(zhuān)項(xiàng)行動(dòng)階段成果， 其中顯示受害者多為中老年人和女性。)
電影版權(quán)費(fèi) movie royalties (A spokesperson for the China Film Copyright Association (CFCA), told China Daily on Tuesday that the association's members will share 90 percent of the royalties collected and the association will keep the remaining 10 percent as management fees. 中國(guó)著作權(quán)協(xié)會(huì)一位發(fā)言人本周二在接受《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》采訪時(shí)表示，收取的電影版權(quán)費(fèi)中，90%將歸該協(xié)會(huì)的成員所有，剩下的10%將作為管理費(fèi)使用。)
電影展映 film panorama (The French Film Panorama is coming back to China in April with an extended program and the largest ever artist delegation. 法國(guó)電影展映將于四月份再度在中國(guó)舉行，此次影展還會(huì)有其它形式的表演項(xiàng)目，到訪的藝術(shù)家代表團(tuán)也是有史以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的。)
電源電網(wǎng) power generating facilities and power grids
電子報(bào)刊 electronic press
電子寵物 electronic pet
電子出版 electronic publishing 電子詞典 electronic dictionary 電子耳 electronic ears
點(diǎn)子公司 consulting company
電子公告牌 Bulletin Board System (BBS)
電子貨幣 electronic currency; electronic money
電子垃圾 e-waste (Recyclers which engage in e-waste recycling business without certificates could face fines ranging from 50,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan, according to the regulation. 根據(jù)該條例，無(wú)證經(jīng)營(yíng)電子垃圾回收業(yè)的人將被處以罰款， 罰金從 5 萬(wàn)到 50 萬(wàn)元不等。)
電子商務(wù)認(rèn)證 e-business certification
電子商務(wù)平臺(tái) e-commerce platform
電子商務(wù) electronic commerce; e-business; e-commerce
電子數(shù)據(jù)交換業(yè)務(wù) electronic data interchange service
電子物流配送 e-distribution 電子銀行 electronic bank 電子郵件 e-mail
電子閱讀器 e-book reader (Chinese hi-tech firm Hanwang Technology said it
expected shipments of its e-book readers to increase 400 percent this year, as demand for the portable reading device grows both domestically and overseas. 中國(guó)高科技公司漢王科技公司表示，由于國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)電子閱讀器的需求量都在增加，他們預(yù)計(jì)今年該公司電子閱讀器的發(fā)運(yùn)量將增長(zhǎng) 400%。)
點(diǎn)擊量 pageview
電視電話會(huì)議 videophone conference
電視/廣播廣告 spot ad (Spot ads are the most expensive and usually the most effective. )點(diǎn)心 d im sum 電子客票 e-ticket 電子眼 road camera (Traffic police have to put up signs telling drivers where road cameras have been installed. 公安部新修訂的道路安全規(guī)定要求交通部門(mén)公布電子眼設(shè)置的地點(diǎn)。)
電子游戲，電玩 video game (Doctors who spend at least 3 hours a week playing video games make about 37% fewer mistakes in lap aroscopic surgery and perform the task 27% faster than their counterparts who don't, according to a US study. Researchers said playing video games can improve doctors' hand-eye coordination and agility. 美國(guó)一項(xiàng)最新研究顯示，如果醫(yī)生每周至少玩 3 小時(shí)電子游戲， 他們做腹腔鏡手術(shù)出錯(cuò)率將減少 37%，而且速度也能提高 27%。研究人員稱(chēng)，玩電子游戲可以提高醫(yī)生的手眼協(xié)調(diào)能力，并增加手指的靈活度。)
電子政務(wù) e-government(解決爭(zhēng)端) 調(diào)查結(jié)果 findings
吊帶衫 sun-top, tank-top
掉價(jià) fall in price; degrade oneself
吊球 drop shot
吊胃口 tempt (someone with something); stimulate someone's desire
吊銷(xiāo)執(zhí)照 revoke one's license
釣魚(yú)工程 angling engineering projects
釣魚(yú)臺(tái)國(guó)賓館 Diaoyutai State Guesthouse
調(diào)動(dòng)一切積極因素 mobilize all positive factors
吊唁簿 condolence books (China's missions abroad were ordered to observe the order of three-day national mourning for the tens of thousands of people killed in the powerful Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, and condolence books are to be opened in the Foreign Ministry and Chinese embassies and consulates around the world.)
釣魚(yú)島 Diaoyu Islands
低調(diào)處理 downplay
低端產(chǎn)品 low-end product
跌幅 range of a price drop
跌 眼 鏡 have people drop glasses (make unexpected mistakes so as to shock people with wonder and have them drop their glasses)
低焦油香煙 low-tar cigarette
低密度住宅 low-density residential build ings
定編 personnel allocation
定調(diào)子 set the tone
定額計(jì)酬 quota remuneration
盯防 man-mark (Maradona played 4-3-3, which allowed Messi greater freedom and caused confusion for Nigeria because they were unable to track him or man-mark him. 馬拉多納擺出了 4-3-3 陣形，使梅西在場(chǎng)上擁有了更大的自由，并且使尼日利亞隊(duì)手忙腳亂，因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)辦法跟上他的腳步，或者對(duì)他進(jìn)行盯防。)
定崗 determine posts
定價(jià)機(jī)制 pricing mechanism (Reform of the natural gas pricing mechanism has been on the Central Government's agenda for a long time. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has said that it will implement
pricing reform for some natural resource. 天然氣定價(jià)機(jī)制改革在很久以前就已經(jīng)被提上了中央政府的日程。國(guó)家發(fā)展和改革委員會(huì)已宣布將對(duì)一部分自然資源實(shí)施定價(jià)改革。)
丁克一族 DINKS (Double Income No Kids)
頂梁柱 backbone; main support
2020年catti中級(jí)口譯精選練習(xí)題
對(duì)沖基金 hedge fund
對(duì)等開(kāi)放 reciprocal opening
對(duì)方付費(fèi)電話 collect call 對(duì)...
毫無(wú)顧忌 make no bones about ...
對(duì)話和合作 dialogue and co-operation
對(duì)獎(jiǎng)活動(dòng) raffle
對(duì)講機(jī) talkie and walkie
對(duì)抗性矛盾 antagonistic contradiction
對(duì)口味 suit one's taste
對(duì)口支援 partner assistance (The new partner assistance model in Xinjiang has been copied from the Wenchuan earthquake recovery model. Xinjiang will receive more than 10 billion yuan in economic aid next year from its 19 partners. 即將實(shí)施的對(duì)新疆的對(duì)口支援模式借鑒了汶川災(zāi)后重建的模式。新疆明年將收到 19 個(gè)援建
省市提供的超過(guò) 100 億元經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。)
對(duì)內(nèi)搞活，對(duì)外開(kāi)放 revitalize domestic economy, open up to the outside world
對(duì)牛彈琴 play the harp( (lute) to a cow; cast pearls before a swine
對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)交流 economic and technological exchanges with the outside world
對(duì)外招商 attract foreign investment 兌現(xiàn)承諾 make good on the promise 隊(duì)長(zhǎng)袖標(biāo)(足球) skipper's armband
對(duì)種糧農(nóng)民實(shí)行直接補(bǔ)貼 directly subsidize grain producers
對(duì)中西部地區(qū)適當(dāng)傾斜 appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country
對(duì)抗或強(qiáng)制 confrontation or coercion
對(duì)人民幣重新估值 revaluation of the Renminbi 獨(dú)立董事制度 the independent director system 獨(dú)立學(xué)院(大學(xué)中的) independent college
蹲點(diǎn) (of cadres) stay at a selected grass-roots spot (for investigation and study)
蹲點(diǎn)跑面 gain experience in selected spots and then spread it over the whole area
敦煌石窟 Dunhuang Grottoes
多邊貿(mào)易談判 mult ilateral trade negotiation
多邊貿(mào)易談判 mult ilateral trade talks
多邊貿(mào)易體制 the multilateral trading system
多邊政策 mult ilateralism
奪標(biāo) win the championship
多層次資本市場(chǎng)體系 the multi- layer capital market system
多碟 DVD multidisc DVD player
多功能汽車(chē) mult i-purpose vehicle (MPV)
多功能性(農(nóng)業(yè)) multifunct ionality
奪冠 take the crown
多(跨)國(guó)公司 mult inational companies
多國(guó)維持和平部隊(duì) mult inational peach-keeping force
多極化 mult i-polarizat ion
多極時(shí)代 mult i-polar times
多極世界 mult i-polar world
多極性 mult i-polarized
多勞多得 more pay for more work
多媒體 mult imedia
多媒體短信服務(wù) MMS (Multimed ia Messaging Service)
多年積累的深層次問(wèn)題 long-standing and deep-seated problems
多任務(wù)小衛(wèi)星 small mult i-mission satellite (SMMS)
多頭市場(chǎng) bull market
多頭賬戶(hù) long account
多頭執(zhí)法 duplicate law enforcement
多 退 少 補(bǔ) refund for any overpayment or a supplemental payment for any deficiency
多元化 pluralism
多元社會(huì) pluralistic society
多元文化社會(huì) mult i-cultural society
多種經(jīng)濟(jì)成分 diverse sectors of the economy
多種經(jīng)營(yíng) diversified economy
多邊貿(mào)易 mult ilateral trade
多予少取放活政策 the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control 多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展 allow d iverse forms of ownership to develop side by side 杜莎夫人蠟像館 Madame Tussauds
瀆職 derelict ion of duty
厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象 El Nino phenomenon
惡性通貨膨脹 hyperinflation
惡性循環(huán) vicious circle
惡意營(yíng)銷(xiāo) smear campaign (A highly publicized incident about milk products that caused baby girls to develop breasts may have been a smear campaign by a competitor. 之前被廣泛報(bào)道的奶粉致女?huà)肴榉窟^(guò)早發(fā)育事件也許是來(lái)自競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的惡意營(yíng)銷(xiāo)手段。)
鱷魚(yú)的眼淚 crocodile tears
惡作劇 mischief; leg-pull
傷痕文學(xué) scar literature; the literature of the wounded
惡搞 spoof
恩格爾系數(shù) Engel's coefficient--the proportion of expense on food to the consumption expense
二把手 second in command
二百五 a stupid person
二板市場(chǎng) growth enterprise board; second board market; hi-tech board
